Luận văn thạc sĩ UEH entrepreneurial enablers, risk perception and behavioral intention, the

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY

International School of Business

------------------------------

Nguyen Thi Duy Quyen

ENTREPRENEURIAL ENABLERS, RISK PERCEPTION

AND BEHAVIORAL INTENTION:

THE MEDIATING ROLES OF MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS

MASTER OF BUSINESS (Honours)

Ho Chi Minh City – Year 2014

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UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY

International School of Business

------------------------------

Nguyen Thi Duy Quyen

ENTREPRENEURIAL ENABLERS, RISK PERCEPTION

AND BEHAVIORAL INTENTION:

THE MEDIATING ROLES OF MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS

ID:22120106

MASTEROF BUSINESS (Honours)

SUPERVISOR: Dr.Le Nhat Hanh

Ho Chi Minh City –Year 2014

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Entrepreneurial enablers, risk perception, and behavioral intention:

The mediating roles of motivational factors

Nguyen Thi Duy Quyen

[email protected], Mbus 3.3 International School of Business

Master Thesis

Supervisor: Dr. Le Nhat Hanh

[email protected], Vietnam Germany University

December 7nd, 2014

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At the first, I would like to thank all those people who made this thesis possible and

valuable experience for my research. Especially, I would like express my grateful sincere to my

supervisor, Dr. Le Nhat Hanh, for her intensive support, worthy suggestions, instructions and

encouragement. All of them play an important role for my research orientation.

Besides, I would like to thank the rest of my thesis committee: Prof Nguyen Dinh Tho,

Dr Nguyen Thi Mai Trang, Dr Pham Ngoc Thuy, Dr Tran Ha Minh Quan as well as other

teachers in International School of Business for the insightful comments and useful instruction

during MBUS course.

In addition, I thank all my classmates in MBUS 3, master students who attended my

survey and my colleagues at Blood TransfusionHematology Hospital for their encouragement

and supporting to me complete this thesis.

Last but not least, my sincere thanks owe to my family who gave me good conditions to

finish this work. I also wish thank all people who spent through their time and generous

support made this thesis project.

Ho Chi Minh City, December, 2014

Nguyen Thi Duy Quyen

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Abstract

This research empirically investigates the impact of motivational factors including

perceived desirability and perceived feasibility on entrepreneurial intention in the context of

developing country – Vietnam. It also explores the role of subjective norms, risk perception as

threat and social support on these motivational factors. A sample of 201 master students in Ho

Chi Minh City, Vietnam was surveyed to test the model. Multiple regressionswere used to

analyze the data. The result shows that entrepreneurial intention is positively related to perceive

desirability and perceived feasibility. In addition, risk perception as threat has negative

relationship with perceived feasibility, but in contrast relationship with perceived desirability.

The result also reveals the positive role of social support on perceived feasibility as well as

subjective norms on perceived desirability.

The primary contribution of this study is empirically examine the role of motivational

factors in entrepreneurial intention in Vietnam as well as providing a combination between

different antecedences in one model that was never done before in Vietnam and in the world

research about this field. However limitation of this study is convenience sample of Ho Chi

Minh City„s master students. Cross – region sample and undergraduate will be a direction for

further research.

Key words

Perceived desirability, perceived feasibility, Entrepreneurial intention, Subjective norms, social

support, risk perception

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER 1:INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1

1.1. Research background............................................................................................................... 1

1.2. Research problem..................................................................................................................... 3

1.3. Research objectives .................................................................................................................. 4

1.4. Research methodology and scope ........................................................................................... 5

1.5. Significance of the study .......................................................................................................... 6

1.6. The structure of the study........................................................................................................ 6

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW AND HYPOTHESES.............................................................. 8

2.2 Hypotheses development........................................................................................................ 11

2.2.1 Motivational factors and entrepreneurial intentions...................................................... 11

2.2.2 Subjective norms and perceived desirability ................................................................... 13

2.2.3 Social support and perceived feasibility .......................................................................... 14

2.2.4 Risk perception as threat in relation of perceived desirability and feasibility ............... 15

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .................................................................................... 17

3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN ........................................................................................................... 17

3.2 RESEARCH PROCESS ........................................................................................................ 17

3.3 MEASURES OF THE CONSTRUCTS ............................................................................... 19

3.4 DATA ANALYSIS METHOD .............................................................................................. 21

3.4.1 Cronbach’s alpha............................................................................................................. 22

3.4.2 Exploratory factor analysis (EFA).................................................................................. 22

3.4.3 Multiple regression analysis................................................................................................ 23

CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................... 25

4.1 SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS ......................................................................................... 25

4.2 THE RELIABILITY TEST................................................................................................... 26

4.3 EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS (EFA)................................................................ 28

4.3.1 The result of EFA with factors involved the first regression in this study was detailed in

following table:............................................................................................................................... 29

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4.3.2 The result of second EFA with factors that related to next regression time of the model

was detailed in the following table:\.............................................................................................. 31

4.3.3 The result of last EFA with factors that belong to main regression of the model was

detailed in the following table: ...................................................................................................... 33

4.3.4 Correlations between all factors:..................................................................................... 35

4.4 MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS ............................................................................ 36

4.4.1 Multiple regression analysis to define the impact of subjective norms and risk

perception as threat on the perceived desirability of entrepreneurship. ...................................... 37

4.4.2 Multiple regression analysis to evaluate the influence of family support, friend support,

perceived risk as threat and the perceived feasibility of entrepreneurship.................................. 39

4.4.3 Multiple regression analysis to measure the relationship between entrepreneur

intention and the perceived desirability of entrepreneurship as well as perceived feasibility of

entrepreneurship. ........................................................................................................................... 41

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS AND LIMITATIONS........................................... 46

5.1 CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................... 46

5.2 IMPLICATION.......................................................................................................................... 47

5.3 LIMITATION ............................................................................................................................ 48

Reference ................................................................................................................................................ 50

APPENDENDICES ................................................................................................................................ 55

Appendix A: Guideline for qualitative in-depth interview ..................................................................... 55

Appendix B: Questionnaire in English ................................................................................................... 58

Appendice C: Questionnaire in Vietnamese ........................................................................................... 61

Appendix D: Histogram, Normal Regression & Scatter plot of Dependent Variable: Perceive

desirability of entrepreneurship .............................................................................................................. 64

Appendix E: Histogram, Normal Regression & Scatter plot of Dependent Variable: Perceive feasibility

of entrepreneurship ................................................................................................................................. 65

Appendix F: Histogram, Normal Regression & Scatter plot of Dependent Variable: Entrepreneur

intention .................................................................................................................................................. 67

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