Luận văn thạc sĩ biomethane potential test for rapid evaluation of anaerobic digestion of sewage

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY

DAM HA LUONG THANH

BIOMETHANE POTENTIAL TEST FOR RAPID EVALUATION OF

ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE FROM MULTIPLE

MATERIALS FOR A PROPOSED LARGE-SCALE DIGESTER

BACHELOR THESIS

Study Mode: Full-time

Major: Environmental Science and Management

Faculty: International Training and Development Center

Batch: 2012 - 2016

Thai Nguyen, 2016

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DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT

Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry

Degree Program Bachelor of environmental Science and Management

Student name Dam Ha Luong Thanh

Student ID DTN1353110232

Thesis Tiltle

Biomethane potential test for rapid evaluation of anaerobic digestion

of sewage sludge from multiple materials for a proposed large-scale

digester

Supervisor

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nguyen The Hung, Thai Nguyen University of

Agriculture and Forestry, Vietnam

Abstract

This paper examines the biomethane potential from organic wastes. The biomethane

potential test is used to assess the suitability of different substrates for biomethane

production. A methodology for accurately estimating the biomethane potential from

multiple heterogeneous organic waste substrates is sought. Three main substrates were

identified as possible substrates for biogas production, namely: pig manure, food waste,

and beer processing waste. The biomethane potential of these substrates ranged from as

low as 82 L CH4 kgVS-1 for beer processing waste to as high as 112 L CH4 kgVS-1 for

food waste treatment. The objective of the paper is to suggest an optimum substrate mix

in terms of biomethane yield per unit substrate for the proposed anaerobic digester. This

should maximise the yield of biomethane per capital investment. Pig manure displayed

the highest biomethane yield (13 Lkg-1

) followed by food waste (3 Lkg-1

) and beer

processing waste (2 Lkg-1

).

Keywords

biomethane potential test, anaerobic digestion, sewage sludge,

biogas

Number of papers 40 pages

Date of submission: 21/09/2016

Supervisor’s signature:

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Completion of my Bachelor Thesis at Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and

Forestry has not been achieved by my efforts alone, but memorably contributed by

many wonderful people to whom I must express my great thanks.

My sincere gratitude is offered to Assoc. Prof. Nguyen The Hung who gave me a

precious opportunity to carry out this study along with his enthusiastic support

throughout my thesis with his patience and knowledge whilst allowing me the room to

work in my own way. I attribute the level of my Bachelor degree to his encouragement

and effort.

A word of thanks must be also recorded to Ms. Anurag Deo and Ms. Mette Axelsson

Bjerg from Linköping University for their commitment and companionship as

teammates throughout this study, especially during the time they constructed their

Master Thesis of Biogas plant in Thai Nguyen Agriculture and Forestry (TUAF). I

would also like to offer special thanks to Mr. Duong Manh Cuong (MS), lecturer in

Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Technology, TUAF for his suggestions and

assistance in setting up my experiment.

I am also grateful to all laboratory technicians and managers, Mrs. Hoan, Mrs, Phuong,

and Mr. Lam from Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Technology, TUAF for their

whole-hearted help during the time I carry out my experiment.

To my family, my heartfelt thanks are expressed for their unconditional love and

belief.

DAM HA LUONG THANH

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TABLE OF CONTENS

List of figures................................................................................................................. vi

List of table................................................................................................................... vii

List of abbreviation...................................................................................................... viii

PART I: INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................1

1.1. Research rationale .................................................................................................1

1.2 Research’s objectives.............................................................................................3

1.3 Research questions.................................................................................................3

1.4 Limitation...............................................................................................................3

PART II: LITERATURE REVIEW............................................................................5

2.1 Sewage sludge........................................................................................................5

2.1.1 Type of sewage sludge ....................................................................................5

2.1.2 Component of sewage sludge..........................................................................7

2.2 Anaerobic sludge digestion....................................................................................9

2.2.1 Fundamentals of anaerobic digestion ..............................................................9

2.2.2 Current status of anaerobic digestion process ...............................................10

2.2.3 Factors influencing the anaerobic digestion process.....................................12

2.2.3.1 pH ............................................................................................................13

2.2.3.2 Alkalinity.................................................................................................14

2.2.3.3 Temperature.............................................................................................14

2.2.3.4 VFAs .......................................................................................................15

2.2.3.5 Ammonia .................................................................................................16

2.2.4. Nutrient requirements for anaerobic digestion .............................................17

2.2.5 Anaerobic digestion in sewage sludge treatment ..........................................18

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