Luận văn thạc sĩ assessing the land cover change used satellite image and gis in y yen district nam

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

LAI THANH QUANG

ASSESSING THE LAND COVER CHANGE USED SATELLITE IMAGE

AND GIS IN Y YEN DISTRICT NAM DINH PROVINCE

BACHELOR THESIS

Study mode : Full-time

Major : Environmental science and management

Faculty : International Training and Development Center

Batch : K43 - AEP

Thai Nguyen, September 2015

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Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry

Degree program Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management

Full name LAI THANH QUANG

Student ID DTN1153050089

Thesis title

Assessing the land cover change used satellite image and

GIS in Y Yen district Nam Dinh province

Supervisor MSC. NGUYEN VAN HIEU

Abstract:

Land use/cover change mapping is one of the basic tasks for environmental

monitoring and management. This research was conducted to analyze the land use

and land cover changes in Y Yen district, Nam Dinh province. In recent years, a

variety of change detection techniques have been developed. The data sources

used in this study were Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 images taken in June 2004, July

2010 and July 2015, respectively.

By using ArcGIS and ENVI software and remote sensing data, a

supervised classification was performed based on fusion data from a composite

image of the bands. Using this output, available secondary data together with field

data in order to perform a Maximum Likelihood supervised classification. Five

classes were classified, namely water, forest, residential, agriculture, and fallow.

With overall accuracy is 97.0115% and kappa = 0.9582 in 2004, overall

accuracy is 99.7006% and kappa = 0.9954in 2010, overall accuracy is 100% %

and kappa coefficient = 1 in 2015 after conducted, we have:

- Land cover map of Y Yen district in 2004, 2010 and 2015.

- Land cover changes map of Y Yen district in period 2004 – 2010 and

2010 - 2015.

With the results achieved, this thesis can realize the remote sensing and

GIS technology is effective method for high accuracy, cost savings in the

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classification and analysis of land cover changes.

Keywords

Y Yen, Nam Dinh, GIS, Land cover, Land cover change,

ArcGIS software, ENVI software.

Number of pages 76

Date of submission September 30, 2015

Supervisor

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Studying and research in advanced programs of the University of Thai Nguyen. First

and foremost, I would like to thank my research supervisors, MSc Nguyen Van Hieu -

vice director in ―International Training and Development Center‖, who helped me a lot

during the internship time. Without the assistance and dedicated involvement in every

step throughout the process, this research would have never been accomplished.

I also would like to show gratitude to the employees of spatial research

laboratory, who helped and supported me to accomplish my research. In addition, I

would like to thank my family and my friends by always staying by my side, who

encourage and help me in learning and researching.

Thai Nguyen, September 2015

Author

LAI THANH QUANG

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES.......................................................................................................1

LIST OF TABLE...........................................................................................................3

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................................4

PART I. INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................5

1.1. Background and rationale.......................................................................................5

1.2. Research objectives................................................................................................6

1.3. Research question...................................................................................................7

1.4. The significance .....................................................................................................7

PART II. LITERATURE REVIEW..............................................................................8

2.1. Theoretical basis....................................................................................................8

2.1.1. Definitions of land cover....................................................................................8

2.1.2. Geographic information system (GIS)..............................................................11

2.1.3. Remote sensing (RS)........................................................................................15

2.2. Practical basis......................................................................................................22

2.2.1. The research in the world .................................................................................22

2.2.2. The research in Viet Nam..................................................................................25

PART III. METHODS ................................................................................................28

3.1. Materials...............................................................................................................28

3.1.1. The objects and scope of research.....................................................................28

3.1.2. The content........................................................................................................28

3.2. Methods................................................................................................................28

3.2.1. Collecting and selecting data.............................................................................28

3.2.2. Inherited method................................................................................................29

3.3. Field trips method.................................................................................................29

3.4. Building the land cover changes map ..................................................................30

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3.5. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) ................................................31

3.6. Accuracy assessment............................................................................................31

PARTS IV. RESULTS................................................................................................33

4.1. The natural conditions and socioeconomic in research area ................................33

4.1.1. Natural conditions .............................................................................................33

4.1.2. Socioeconomic conditions.................................................................................39

4.1.3. General assessment............................................................................................42

4.2. The process of current status land cover mapping ...............................................44

4.2.1. Data preparation ................................................................................................44

4.2.2 Determining the general criteria.........................................................................45

4.3. Analyze remote sensing image, determine land cover in Y Yen district.............49

4.3.1. Geometric rectification......................................................................................49

4.3.2. Enhanced Image quality ....................................................................................51

4.3.3. Interpretation and image classification .............................................................51

4.3.4. Evaluating the accuracy after classification......................................................55

4.3.5 The process of calculate NDVI..........................................................................58

4.3.6. Map editor .........................................................................................................61

4.4. Analysis of fluctuation .........................................................................................67

4.4.1. Assessment of land use change/ land cover period 2004-2010.........................67

4.4.2. Assessment of land use change/ land cover period 2010-2015.........................70

4.5. General comments on the applicability of remote sensing and GIS mapping to

assessing land cover changes. .....................................................................................71

PART V. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION.........................................................72

5.1. Discussion ............................................................................................................72

5.2. Conclusion............................................................................................................72

REFERENCES............................................................................................................74

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2.1: Remote sensing system...............................................................................16

Figure 3.1: The process of land cover mapping ............................................................30

Figure 4.1. The land use map of Y Yen district in 2010 ...............................................33

Figure 4.2. Landsat images cover the research area in 2004 (a), 2010 (b) ...................45

Figure 4.3: Packs image ................................................................................................45

Figure 4.4: Result of Stacking layer..............................................................................46

Figure 4.5:Open File boundary country ........................................................................47

Figure 4.6: Images Y Yen District after cutting............................................................47

Figure 4.7: a) Image diversions; b)Original image ......................................................50

Figure 4.8: Control points..............................................................................................50

Figure 4.9: Image after straightening ............................................................................51

Figure 4.10: Result of sampling ....................................................................................53

Figure 4.11: ROI Separability dialog box Report .........................................................54

Figure 4.12: Image classification ..................................................................................55

Figure 4.13: Image noise filtering and smoothing ........................................................58

Figure 4.14: add bands ..................................................................................................59

Figure 4.15: Inmage Analysis option ............................................................................59

Figure 4.16: The NDVI value........................................................................................59

Figure 4.17: NDVI map 2004........................................................................................60

Figure 4.18: NDVI map 2010........................................................................................60

Figure 4.19: NDVI map 2015........................................................................................61

Figure 4.20. Data frame tool..........................................................................................62

Figure 4.21. Other map elements ..................................................................................62

Figure 4:22: Land current status maps in 2004, 2010 and 2015 ...................................63

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Figure 4.23: Add field ...................................................................................................64

Figure 4.24: Image overlay............................................................................................65

Figure 4.25: Caculator Geometry..................................................................................65

Figure 4.26: Display classes..........................................................................................66

Figure 4.27: Land cover change mapof Y Yen district 2004 – 2010 ............................66

Figure 4.28: Land cover change mapof Y Yen district 2010 – 2015 ............................67

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