Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng tới sức khỏe và bệnh tật của người Mông ở hai huyện Mù Cang Chải, Trạm Tấu tỉnh Yên Bái

CAC YEU TO ANH HUUNG TQTI Sl)C KHOE VA BENH TAT CUA NGUlOn MONG

or HAI HUYEN MU CANG CHAI, TRAM TAU TIN H YEN BAI

TOM TAT ^

Cdc tdc gia dung phuang phap md ti cit ngang cd

phdn tich di nghien cifu ngudi Mdng d 2 huydn, kit

qua cdc yiu to inh hudng din sUc khoe vd bdnh tdt

ngudi Mdng nhu sau:

1) Cac yiu to lien quan din thi tuc cCia thanh nidn

ngudl Mdng tidn quan chdt che vdt mdt si yiu ti nhu

ttnh trang ngheo ddi, de rihtiu (ddng con), diiu kidn dn

uing...

2) Cdc yiu ti Itdn quan din bdnh tdt cOa ngudi

Mdng:

Tj? Id suy dinh dudng cOa tre em < 5 tu6t ngudi

Mdng lien quan chdt che vdi ngheo ddi, qui md gia

dinh, che dd dn sam, vdi bdnh tidu chiy. bdnh

NKHHCT va lien quan chdt che vdt vide thuc hidn

chuang trinh TCMR.

• Bdnh tat lien quan chdt che vdi thu nhap cQa cdc

gta dinh, ttnh trang ddt ngheo, nha d vd cac phuang

tten truyen thdng cOa cdc gia dinh. Yiu ti quan ly phan

ngudi, chudng gta sue cQa cac gta dinh cung anh

hudng den benh tat.

Ve sty dung cdc djch vu y ti: Hang diu ngudi im

din khdm va dieu tri tai tram y te xa (73%), tiep la din

CO sd y ti khdc (7,8%), sau dd la dliu tri bing thuic

nam (7,%) vd tu mua thuic ve dieu tri (6,1%). T^ Id

ngudi im cung bdl cung dang ki (3,5%). T^ Id ngudl

im hdi ldng vdt tram y ti xa kha cao (95,2%). Ly do

khdng dua ngudi om din TYT xa hang diu td benh

nhe (41,9%), din ca sd y ti khac (29%), qua xa

(22.6%). mit thdi gian^chd dgi (16.1%)...

Cac tdc gia khuyin nghi: Nganh y ti Yen Bai cin

md them cac Idp tap huin nang cao ndng luc to chUc

quan ly CSSK va cat thien ky ndng truyen thdng-GDSK

can bd y ti huyen, xa cQa hai huyen Mu Kang Chai,

Tram Tau thh Yen Bai di lam tot cdng tac CSSK cho

ngudi Mdng; Tich cue TT-GDSK cho ngudi Mdng di

cai thidn mdt tatdng sing, cat tao cdc phong tiJC tap

qudn lac hau anh hudng din sOc khoe, nang cao chat

lugng chdm sdc sUc khoe cho ngudl dan.

TUkhda: sUc khoe, ngudl Mdng

SUMMARY

We used cross description method with analysts to

conduct the survey In these two districts. These below

are factors affecting H'Mong's people health and

diseases in Mu Cang Chai and Tram Tau district.

1. Factors related to H'Mong youth physical

strength are poverty situation, having too many babies,

nutrion situation ect...

2. Factors related to H'Mong people's diseases are:

Malnutrition of under 5 year-old childrend related

closely with poverty, scale of family, regime, diarrhoea,

acute respiratory infection (ARI) and extended program

for immunisation.

Income, poverty.communtcatlon facility affect

H'Mong people's diseases. Method of disposing

LlSdUG VAN HOM, DA M KHAI HOA N va CS

human excrement, domestic animal's cages has

relationship with diesease.

Using health service: Proportion of patients having

treament at commune medical aid station takes

highest percent (73%) followed by rate of patients

going to other health centre (7.8%). 7% of them use

Vietnamese traditional medicine. Some of them use

drug without consultation (6.1%). Rate of patients

makes ceremonial offering is quite considerate (3.5%).

Most of patients are satisfied with service of commune

medical aid station. The reasons for not taking patient

to commune medical aid station are minor illness,

coming to other health centre, long distance and long

time waiting (41.9%, 29%, 22.6%, 16.1% respectively).

Authors' sugesstion: Yen Bat public health should

train commune and district health staffs in Mu Cang

Chat and Tram Tau district to improve management

capability of health care, communication skills for the

best health care service for H'mong people. The staff

disseminate and train H'Mong on how to improve living

enviroment. transform underdeveloped customs

affecting their health and improve quality of health care

service.

TCr khda: H'Mong's people health, diseases

OATVAN DE

Mil Cang Chai va Tram Tau la 2 huyen trong tdng

sd 61 huyen ngheo nha't ca nu'dc. Day Id ndi chu yeu la

ngu'di Mdng sinh sd'ng. Van de cham sdc sifc khoe cho

ngifdi dan tai hai huyen vin cdn nhieu khd khan so vdi

cdc viing kliac, nhieu djch benh vln cd nguy cd phat

thanh dich, viec kham chura benh cung gap khd khan,

mdi tri/dng sdng bj d nhiem nghiem trpng, trinh dp dan

trf thap, nhilu phong tuc, tap quan lac hau nhif tao

hdn, de nhilu, cung ma khi d'm, dau ...[1], [2], [3] da

anh hifdng Idn de'n cdng tac CSSKND tren dia ban. De

ngdy cdng nang cao chat lifdng cupc sd'ng dd'i vdi dong

bdo dan tdc Mdng cung nhif dong bdo cac dan tpc it

ngifdi, viing sau, viing xa cua tinh Yen Bai thi can phai

phat trien todn dien, ddng bd kinh te, gido due, van

hda, y te dUa cudc sdng ciia dong bao ngay cang difdc

nang cao hdn, cd nhif vay mdi cd dieu kien viifng chac

cai thien bd mdt ciia ddi sd'ng trong dd cd sifc khoe

cua nhdn ddn. Chinh vi vdy viec nghien cifu phat hien

cdc yeu td anh hifdng tdi sifc khoe vd benh tat cua

ngi/dng Mdng Id can thie't. Chi'nh vi the chiing tdi tie'n

hdnh thifc hien d l tai nay nham cac muc tieu sau:

1. Md ta cac yeu td anh hudng de'n sifc khde cua

ngUdi Mdng d hai huyen Mil Cang Chai. Tram Tau tinh

Yen Bai nam 2010.

2. Md ta cac yeu td anh hudng de'n benh tat cua

ngudi Mdng d hai huyen Mil Cang Chai, Tram Tau tinh

Yen Bai nam 2010.

Y HOC THl/C HANH (782) - SO 9/2011 29