Giáo dục môi trường trong trường tiểu học qua hình thức báo cáo ngoại khóa

GIAO DUC MDI TRiriiNG TRONG TRIfONG TIED HOC

QUA HiilH THlTC BAO CAO NGOAI KHOA

O TtiS. V O T(5UI^JG IVIINH*

1 . Gid o dye mdi Irudng (GDMT) Irong

trudng tieu hqc

GDMT ed y nghla quan trqng trong nhd frudng

heu hpe. Nhung hieu biet ve MT, bdo ve MT eua

hqc sinh (HS) se de Iqi ddu dn sdu sdc trong cudc

sdng sou ndy. O do tudi ndy, tre thudng hieu

ddng, neu Ididng duqc GDse rd't de ddn tdi nhimg

hdnh dpng phd hopi MT. Vi vdy, GD eho cdc em

nhi/ng tri thue, nhung hdnh vl, thai dp cu xu dung

vdi MT Id vdn de cd'p thiet, ddng thdi cd y nghTa

chien luoc Idu ddi cua xd hpi.

A^uc tieu: 1) Ve ki&) thuc: Budc ddu trang bi kien

thuc ve ede thdnh phdn trong MT vd quan he giOa

ehOng, mdi quan he giua eon ngudi vd cde thdnh

phdn MT, d nhiim vd suy thodi MT, bien phdp BVMT

xung quonh; 2) Ve kTndng: Hinh thdnh cdc kT ndng

hpc tqp nhu: dieu h-a, quan sdt ihye te,... cdc kTndng

BVMT nhu: ve sinh nhd cua, hudng Idp, xu If cdc ehdt

thdi; 3) Ve thai do va hdnh vi: GD HS cd tinh edm yeu

quy thien nhien, yeu quy glo dinh, trudng hpc, que

huong, ddt nude, cd y thuc giu ve sinh thdn the vd ve

sinh MT xung quanh; tu dd ed nhung hdnh vi sdng

hdo hop, thdn thien vdi thien nhien.

Ndi dung: 1) NhCrng kien thue ve MT vd cdc

yeu tdeua MT: cdc yeu td cua MT ty nhien vd MT

nhdn too, dieu kien sinh thdi cua MT, quan he

giua cdc yeu to cua MT vol ddi sdng con ngudi;

2) Nhung tde ddng eua MT den sinh vdt vd eon

ngudi; 3) Nhi/ng tde ddng cua con ngudi vd cua

ddng, thue vdt den MT.

Phucmg phdp (PP): 1) PP dieu tra: giup HS vua

Hm hieu dupc thyc trqng MT dja phuong vuc phdt

h'ien kT ndng dieu tro thue trqng; 2) PP thdo ludn:

giup HS ed the huy ddng trf tue eua tdp the de flm

hieu nhOng vd'n de MT md minh khdm phd dupc,

de tu dd cung nhau dua ra nhung vlec Idm cy the

nhdm BVMT; 3) PP ddng vai: giup HSthehien hdnh

dpng phdn dnh mdt gid trj MT ndo ddvd eung cd tri

thuc ve GDMT; 4) PP quan sdt: glup hinh thdnh kien

thuc vd chuyen bien hdnh vl cua HS.

Hinh thuc td chuc DH: 1) Td ehuc GDMT

ngodi Idp: Dd'i vdi cdc bdi hpc cd ndi dung GDMT

h-ung hpp phdn Idn hoqc trung hqp hodn todn

vol npi dung bdi dqy thi vlec td chuc DH ngodi

Idp se mong Iqi hieu qud cao. Gido vien (GV)

cung ed the td chuc: ede hoqt dpng thue hdnh,

ngoqi khda ngodi Idp theo cdc ndi dung bdi hpc

cd lien quan den GDMT dd duqc hoc; 2) Tdchuc

DH trong Idp: Ddi vdi cdc bdi md dieu kien di

Iqi, hpc tdp ngodi Idp khd khdn thi viec DH cdc

npi dung GDMT dupe hen hdnh trong Idp hoc

quo cde di/ lieu ndi dung bdi hpe, tranh dnh se

giup HS cam nhdn, hinh dung duqc ede ndi dung

cdn truyen dat.

2. Bdo cdo ngogi khda(BCNK) Id mot hoqt

dpng DH ngodi gid hpc tren Idp, khdng duqc

quy dinh bdi chucmg trinh ndi khda. Ngi dung

BCNK lien quan vdi nql dung hpe tdp trong

chuong trinh, phu hqp vdi hodn cdnh dja phuong

vd ddc diem cua HS tham gia hoat ddng. Trong

GDBVMT eho HS tieu hpc, BCNK Id con dudng

cd hieu qud de cdp nhdt ddy du cdc kien thuc ve

MT cho HS. Thdng qua td chuc BCNK, HS duqc

md rdng cdc kien thuc ve thye trqng MT cuo dja

phuong ndi rieng vd eua ddt nude, the gidi ndi

chung. O Heu hpc, bdo cdo vien BCNK ve GDMT

cd the Id Idnh dpo nhd trudng, GV chu nhiem,

cdn bd phy frdeh Dpi hoqc GV bd mdn cd ndng

lye vd nghien cuu ve vd'n de GDMT. BCNK ed the

duqc thuc hien trong Idp hpc node ben ngodi Idp

hqc tuy dieu kien vd ndi dung cdn bdo cdo.

Mot so chu de BCNK ve GDMT a tieu hoe:

-H Tdi nguyen bien; + Tdi nguyen rung; + Tdi

nguyen nude; + Ddng vdt hoang dd; + Danh lam

thdng cdnh cua dia phuong vd ddt nude; - Thyc

trqng vd d nhiem MT dja phucmg; + Ddn so - MT

- ehdt luqng cupe sdng. Tuy Hnh hinh thue Hen

cuo dia phuong md GV lya chqn ndi dung bdo

edo cdn thiet vd hop If de BCNK eho HS.

Quy trinh td ehue BCNK:

+ Buoe 1: Xdc dinh mue dich ngi dung bdo

cdo: Bdo cdo phu hqp vdi dd'i tuong HS, phu

' S6 Giao due *a Bao tao Ba Nang

Tap chi Giao due so 27 8 (ki 2 -1/2012)