Cách tân FDI

i l CitJ^o cMti^^ (Ol/rim^ (OUc^i^

Can cdng tam

Khd'i lugng FDI vao Viet Nam

trong nam nay tiep tuc giam sut

ca ve sd du fin. vd'n dang kj' cfip

mdi Ifin vdn bd sung. Nghia la

trong vdng 2 nam nay, FDI vao

Viet Nam dang trong tinh trang

suy thofii. Them vfio dd la hinh

anh FDI dang bj xau di do nhung

hien tugng tieu cue, nhu khoang

each rfit ldn giua cam kit va thuc

hien, "Id gifi", cham ndi dia hofi,

d nhilm mdi trudng, chilm dung

nhilu da't Ida, dfit rimg d nhimg

nai khdng thich hgp... Tuy nhien,

khi danh gia "cdng - tdi" cua FDI,

tfit yeu la cfin phai cd cfich nhin

cdng tam, khach quan. khoa bgc

va dae biet la can cd tuih thfin

nghiem khfic "tu phe binh", nhfim

xfic djnh muc tieu va dudng ldi

phat trien mdi eho giai doan

Chien lugc 2011-2020.

FDI gan lien vdi sir nghiep

ddi mdi

Thanh phfin kinh tl FDI ra ddi

va phat triln la san phfim cua

dudng ldi ddi mdi, md cua do

Dang Cdng san Viet Nam khdi

xudng, lanh dao. Trong thfing lgi

cua dudng ldi dd. ma thanh tuu

mang tinh ljch su la viec xoa bd ca

chi tap ttung quan heu bao cfip,

tung budc chuyin ddi em tham

sang CO chi thj trudng dinh hudng

XHCN. cd su ddng gdp to ldn cua

viec hinh thanh va phat triln eua

diaim phfin kinh te FDI. Tjnh tiln

ttd vl nhung nam dfiu cua thap

nien 90 the ky trudc se thav- rd dilu

dd. nhat la khi Lien Xd va nhung

nudc XHCN Ddng Au (ttudc kia)

lan lucil tan ra. Viec FDI hang nam

ddng gdp hon 30% tdng vdn dfiu

tu toan xa hdi tiidi ky 1991-1995

da gdp phrin dua kinh te Viet Nam

khdng nhung thoat khdi cudc

khung hoiing keo dai ma cdn but

len khoi sfic. phat triln.

Hem 20 nam qua la chang

dudng ddi mdi vdi nhung tiianh ti;u

an tucmg. mil bilu trung la rii mdc

sdng vao loai ngheo nhfit the gidi

vuim len mdc thu nhap ttung binh

thap (hon 1.0(X) USD/ngudi/nam).

I C6NG TY CO PHAN CHINA ^ l^i^i￾suMnaN vUT NA M

\mmimmmm^

CACH TAN FDI

Gdn day co nhieu y kien "phan xet" ve dau tu true

tiep nuac ngodi (FDI) tqi Viet Nam, thdm chi co kien

nghi: "cdn noi khdng voi FDI". Ngodi su tdi khang djnh

vol trd quan trpng cuo FDI, bdi viet ndy chu yeu phan

tich nhung khiem khuyet cua cdc co quon Viet Nam

trong cdng tdc thu hut vd qudn ly, dong thdi nhdn

mqnh dinh hudng ndng cao chdt lupng hoqt dong

FDI trong thdi gian tdi. ^ TS LUU TIEN HAI

chu ylu dua vao phfit ttiln theo bl

rdng, bfing vd'n vfi lao ddng re.

Budc tie'p theo cua edng cudc ddi

mdi dang ddi hdi phfii vugt qua

"bfiy thu nhap trung binh", dua dfit

nudc trd thfinh qud'c gia edng

nghiep hofi theo hudng hien dai,

chu yeu nhd dng dung cdng nghe

hien dai va tang nang sufit lao ddng

xa hdi. Su thfing lgi eua cdng cudc

ddi mdi d chang dudng tdi day

chfic chfin khdng the thie'u su gdp

mat cua cac "dai gia FDI", nhung

khdng thl nhu cu, nhu hien huu ma

phai la FDI cdng nghe cao.

FDI - ODA va hgi nhap qudc te

Trong boat ddng cua thj

trudng vd'n qud'c te, FDI vfi ODA

thudng cd quan he tuang tfic vdi

nhau. FDI thudng md dudng cho

ODA va ngugc lai, ODA lai hd trg

tich cue cho FDI. Suy de'n cung.

boat ddng FDI va ODA diu nfim

trong tfim kilm soat va chi phdi

cua cac tap doan kinh tl xuyen

qudc gia (TNC).

Cfic nudc va td chdc tai chfnh

qud'c te nd'i lai cung cap tai ttg phat

trien ehfnh thdc (ODA) cho Viet

Nam tii 1992-1993, trudc khi lenh

cfim van dd'i vdi Viet Nam bj bai

bd va sau khi da cd khdng ft du an

FDI bfit dau lfim an sudn se. Din

nay, tdng so vd'n ODA thuc hien

udc dat khoang 20 ty USD. Nhd

dd, kit cau ha tang, nhfit lfi he

thd'ng dudng giao thdng, cfip thoat

nudc tai Vidt Nam da phat triln

vugt bac. Cd the ndi, ne'u khdng cd

khoan giai ngan ban 50 ty USD td

cfic du an FDI (khdng ke phan DN

Viet Nam ddng gdp) trong hon 20

nam qua, chua chfic Viet Nam da

thu hut dugc ngudn vd'n ODA mdi

nam mdt cao nhu hien nay. Kit

qufi boat ddng FDI vfi ODA da

gdp phfin tich cue thdc day tien

trinh hdi nhap qud'c te eua Vidt

Nam ma dat dinh cao nhu hien

nay Vi vay, cfin danh gifi FDI

trong mdi tuang tfic vdi boat ddng

ODA va hdi nhap qud'c te.

40 Thue Nha Nuoc i