Tích hợp các môn Vật lí, hoá học, sinh học ở cấp trung học cơ sở chuẩn bị cho việc xây dựng chương trình mới sau năm 2015

1iGHH(l>GACIVIDNVArU,HDAHflC,SINHHpG[lGfiPmGHIECIlSil

CHUAIII'BI CHO VIEC XAY DP G CHinmiG TRINH MD I SAU NA M 2015

Q TS. pgON G QUAN G NGQ C

Trong xd hdl ngdy nay, sy phdt trlln ciJo

khoa hqc cfing nghf cung nhu cde vdn d l

phdt sinh frong thyc Hin, ddl hdl ngudi hqc

phdl cd nhifrig ndng lyc cdn thilt d l gldl quylt

vdn dl . Tich hqp Id mf t trong nhiing quan dllm

gido dye nhdm ndng coo ndng lyc eho ngudi

hqc d l hq cd khd ndng gldi quylt ede vd'n dl ,

gi6p qud frinh dqy hqe trd nfin sinh dqng, ed y

nghTa hon so vdl vific cdc mdn hqc dupe thyc

hlfin rifing re.

1. Tich hgp mdn hqc

Tieh hpp cdc mdn hqc trong gido dye Id sy

phdn dnh trinh do phdt trifi'n coo cua cdc

ngdnh khoa hqc Irong nhd trirong, ddng thai

eOng Id yfiu cdu td't yfi'u nhdm ndng cao chd't

luqng dqy hqe.

Dd ed nhilu quan nifim v l miie d f tich hqp

cdc mon hqe. Robin Fogarty duo ro 3 miic do

tich hqp (vdi 10 cdch khdc nhou), dd Id: tich

hgp trong cdc mdn hge rleng re; tieh hgp giira

cdc mdn; tich hgp tong tu duy ngt/di hgc (1).

Theo D'Halnaut, cd 4 miie do tich hpp: dan mdn;

do mdn; liin mdn; xuyin mdn (2). Theo Susan

M. Drake, ed 6 muc do tich hqp: truyin thd'ng;

kdt hgp Idng ghep; tich hgp trong ndl bg mdn

hgc; tieh hgp da mdn; tich hgp liin mdn; tfch

hgpxuyin mdn (3). Mdc dCi ed nhleu quon nlfm

khde nhau, nhimg tdp trung Iql cd 2 each eo

bdn Id tfeh hgp cdc mdn hgc rleng re thdnh mdn

hge mdl (tich hqp lifin mdn vd tich hqp xuyfin

mdn) vd tich hgp nhung khdng tgo nin mdn hgc

ipdl (tich hap trong ndl bq mdn hqe vd tich hqp

qd mdn). Tich hqp frong ndl bd mdn hqc Id tich

nop nhCmg ndl dung ciia ede phdn mdn, cdc

Ifnh vyc thufc ciing mqt mdn hqe theo hing ehu

de, chuong, bdi cy the. Tich hqp do mdn Id tich

hqp mft nf l dung hay mdt vd'n de trong cde

Tap Chi Glao due s6 29 7 (k> i - n/aoiai

mdn hqe khdc nhau theo gdc d f md cdc mdn

hqc dd eho phfip. Tich hqp lifin mdn Id xdy dyng

mdn hqe mdi bdng cdch llSn kit mft sd mdn

hqe vdl nhou nhung vSn cd phdn mong tfin rifing

Clio hing mdn hqe. Tich hqp xuyfin mdn Id xdy

dyng mdn hqc mdl tCr cde ehO d l lifin quan di n

khoa hqc ty nhlen, di n cufc sdng md HS con

tim hllu .

M f t xu hudng khd phd biln hifn nay Id tich

hpp cdc mdn hqc truyin thdng nhu Vdt li, Hda

hgc, Sinh /jqc thdnh mdn hqc mdl. Dqi difin theo

xu hudng ndy Id cde nude: Nh f t Bdn, Hdn Qudc,

Hoo Ki, Anh, Singapore,... Tuy nhifin, xu hudng

thii hoi Id thyc hien quon diem tich hqp nhung

khdng tqo mdn hqe mdl. Dqi difn eho xu hudng

ndy Id ede nude nhu Cqng hdo lifin bong Diic,

Hd Lon, Thyy Dlln,...

2. Tich hpp cdc mdn hqc Vdt li, Hda hge

vd Sinh hgc cd'p frung hqc co sd (THCS) d

Vif t Nam

Hifin nay, Bf GD-DT dong friln khai ede hoqt

ddng nghifin ciiu de chudn bj eho vlfe ddi mdi

chuang trinh, sdch gido khoo (SGK) sou ndm

2015. Vd'n de dupc ddt ra Id chung to cd gldm

bdt so mdn hqc d cd'p THCS hoy khdng, nfi'u

gidm thi vific thye hien tich hpp cdc mdn hqc

gdn nhou, vl dy nhu Vdt li, Hoa hgc, Sinh hgc

hay Ljch st/, Dja li se nhu the ndo, miic d f tieh

hpp di n ddu. Dual ddy, Id mqt sd y klfi'n cuo

chung tdl bdn v l khd ndng tich hqp cdc mfin

Vgt If, Hda hge, Sinh hgc d cd'p THCS.

Cf Vif t Nam, sy tdn tqi eOo ede mdn Vdt

li, Hda hgc, Sinh hgc Id ddc ldp. Trong qud

trinh ddl mdl ehuong trinh vd SGK ndm 2000

dd ed bdn tdl viec tieh hop cdc mdn hqe ndy

" Vi$ii Khoa hpc glao iluc Vi^t Nam

. #