Rèn luyện cho học sinh kĩ năng học tập lịch sử bằng phần mềm sơ đồ tư duy - Mind Manager 8.0

REN LUVEN CHO HOC SINH HI NANG HOC TAP LjCH SDf

BANG PHAN MEM SO DO TO DUY - MIND MANAGER 8.0

O TS. NGUYEN MAN H HUdiNG'

Thye flSn vi|e dqy • hpc Ljch si> (LS) d hvdng

phd thdng dd chdng minh, nlu qud htnh

hpe tdp duqc bdt ddu bdng nhOng bilu

hjqng, hinh dnh sd glOp hpe sinh (HS) ghi nhd

kiln thuc Idu hem, vOng chde hon. Do dd, Hch

hpp edng ngh| thdng Hn (ONTTT) vdo dqy hqc (DH)

LS Id hudng dl dOng ddn, hl ^ dang duqc cdc

dy dn eua B$ GD-DT vd chuong Wnh «Trudng

hgc sdng hpo' cOo Microsoft Vl|t Nam hlAn khai

hi^u qud.

1 . Khdl ni|m vd ngudn gdc cda so dd tu

duy (SDTD)

SDTD (bdn dd hr duy, hay luqc dd h; duy...)

Id m$t hinh ihOc «g/i/ chip' bdng cdc/i k^ hgp

W ^ St? dyng ddng thdi nhung «rh> Jehdo', hinb

dnh, dudng nit, mdu s6e vdl sgtu duy Hdi cgc,

nhdm Hm tdi, ddo sdu, md r^ng ^ tudng, tom tdt

nhung y chfnh cOo mdt ndi dung, h | thdng hda

k i ^ thuc cOo m$t chO dl , cdch gidl mdt dqng

bdi top... Cd nhilu cdch d l top SDTD, nhu dOng

but chi, gl ^ bio, plidn mdu, bdng den... (cdch

hvyIn thdng), hode dng dyng CI^ITr d l thilt k l

(PowerpoInt, Mind Manager...).

SDTD Id so dd «md', khdng ydu cdu H l | khdt

khe nhu bdn d6 (^a If hay bdn dd LS; ngudi su

dyng cd ihl v3 thdm hodc luqc bdt ede nhdnh vd

thi hidn quo mdu sdc, hinh dnh, h> ktida; eOng

mdt ehu dl , cd ihl thi hlfn y hidng vd hr duy

theo cdch ridng, ndn phdt huy dupc tdi do ndng

lye sdng tpo cOa gido vidn (GV) vd HS. Co ^ d

hoqt ddng cOo SDTD ludn ehO h-png tdi Hnh hinh

dnh, mdu sdc, vdi ede mqng ludl llSn tudng (edc

nhdnh cdp 1, cdp 2...). Ddng vol hd Id cdng cy

dd hpo trgc quon ndi cdc h> khdo vd hinh dnh

lidn quon vdi nhou, SDTD sd hd hq Hch eye cho

GV vd HS khi dpy - hpe ede bdi nghldn edu kfln

thue mdt, bdi dn Idp, so k^, tdng kit, hodc cOng

e^, hd thdng hda kiln thuc sou mfil bdi/giol

doqn/chuong/jahdn... ddng thdi, rdl h(Ki fch eho

cdn bd qudn If, SV, HS Idp vd thye hl|n k l hopch

cdng toe, hpe tdp cOa minh.

Trdn thi gidl, vl|e sd dyng SDTD dd duqc

Tgp chi filao dye $6 28 6 iki a - a/aoiai

i^hldn edu, h$ thdng hdo vd dp dyng phd biln.

Cj Vl|t Nam, phuong phdp (PP) ndy mdi duqe

dp dyng 10 ndm 200d, nhung chua duqc nghidn

edu ddy du vd dng dyng dpi hd h-ong dpy - hpe

(2). VI vOy, d l djnh hudng cho HS hr duy, hpe

tdp hl|u qud, GV edn Kch eye dng dyng SDTD

vdo qud Wnh dqy - hpe.

2. Cdc bude too IdP SDTD

D l h;io SDTD, cd thd si) dyng nhilu chuong

Wnh, phdn mIm khdc nhau, nhung don gidn vd

hl|u qud Id Mind Manager 8.0 (3). Phdn mIm

ndy hl|n duqc nhilu GV h-dn cd nudc sd dyng

thdng qua ehuong Wnh md hinh <cTrudng hgc

sdng Igo'cOa Microsc^ Vi|t Yiam. Khi xdy dyng

vd su dyng SDTD, GV cdn thyc hidn theo cdc

bude sou:

Bude /.- Vd phdc hpa ^ hidng SDTD h-dn gl^ :

si} dyng gidy bla, gidv A4, bOt vllt, bdng... d l

phdc thdo sodd bdng cnu d l trung tdm, cdc nhdnh

cdp 1,edp2vd3edlidnquan;Tidnhidngsadd

bdng ede hinh dnh, su dyng tir Uida, la' hidu,

nhimg ggi'^dn tupng...

Bude 2: Tqo bdn SDTD hdn mdy vl Hnh (dCing

phdn mIm Mind Manager 8.0) dyo theo edc •^

h/dng dd phdc hpo, bdt ddu bdng tu khdo vd cdc

nhdnh cdp 1 (d bude 1). GV chpn cym h> hung

tdm (h> khdo) Id tdn cOo bdi dqv, m0t mye kiln

thdc hay n$i dung bdo cdo... vdl kfch cd chu to vd

d^m, ddt CO sd cho vide vd ede nhdnh cd quon h |

vdl nhou. Tilp dd, ve cdc nhdnh cdp 11d ndi dung

chfnh {-jr chfnn) cuo chO d l hung tdm vd hjy theo sd

luqng nhdnh cdp 1 bd hf sao cho cdn ddi xung

quonh htnh dnh (h> khda) hvng tdm.

Vf dy, hudng dSn HS hpc myc 1. H^l nghi

hnh (bdi 1, Ljch sd 12), chpn tit khda HQINGHJ

lAI^A vd htnh dnh bo nhd Idnh dpo cdp coo

cdo Lidn Xd, Mr, Anh tham dy, xung quonh td

khdo Id 3 nhdnh cdp 1, gdm: Hodn cdn/t M$u

t0p; Quyit dfnh quan hgng cOa h^l nghj vd H$

qud. Ap dyng bude 1 vd 2, GV dOng phdn mIm

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