Giải pháp tài chính thúc đẩy tiến trình xây dựng nông thôn mới ở Việt Nam

( So 3 (92). 2011 ) NGHIEN CU'U TRAO OOI

Giai phap tai chinh thiic day tien trinh xay

dnng nong thon mm & Viet Nam

Tdng quan ve chuong

trinh xdy dung ndng ihdn m&i

Viet Nam dang dat dugc

sy phdt trien chua tirng cd

trong Hch sir, vdi mfl'c tang

trudng kinh te lien tuc trong

nhieu nam qua da giflp chung

ta trd thdnh mdt nude thodt

khdi ddi ngheo trd thdnh mdt

nudc cd tbu nhap trung binh

thap tren the gidi. Tuy nhien,

khu vuc ndng thdn vdi khodng

70% dan sd va ddng gdp 20%o

GDP cua ca nudc van nhieu

vdn de ndi com nhu: ca sd ha

tang ngheo nan, ty Ie bd ngheo

cao, ty le lao ddng ndng thdn

qua ddo tao nghe den nay mdi

dat 18,7%, cdn rat thap so vdi

binh qudn chung cua cd nude

(25%), tinh trang that nghiep

cd xu hudng gia tang dang Id

mdi de dpa ldn trong tien trinh

phdt tridn. Ngdy 4/6/2010, Tbu

tu'dng Chinh phu ban hdnh

Quyet dinb 800/QD-TTg, phe

duyet Chuang trinh myc tieu

qudc gia ve xay dung ndng

thdn mdi (NTM) giai doan

2010-2020. Day Id mdt chuong

trinh tdng the ve pbat trien

kinh te- xa hdi, cbinh tri va an

ninh qudc phdng. Myc tieu Id

xay dyng NTM cd ket cau ha

tang kinh te - xa hdi lung budc

hien dai; ca cau kinh te vd cac

hinh thuc td chuc sdn xuat bgp

ly, gan ndng nghiep vdi pbdt

trien nhanh cdng nghiep, dich

vy; gdn phat trien ndng thdn

vdi dd thi theo quy hoach;

xa bdi ndng thdn dan chfl, dn

dinh, gidu bdn sdc van hda dan

tdc; mdi trudng sinh thdi dugc

bdo ve; an ninh trat tu dugc

gifl' vflng; ddi sdng vat chat vd

tinh than cua ngudi dan ngdy

cang dugc ndng cao.

De dat dugc myc tieu ndy,

cdc xa phdi ddp iing dugc 19

lieu chi, dugc xep theo nam

nhdm gdm quy hoach, ba tang

kinh te - xa bdi, kinh te vd td

chuc sdn xuat, van hda - xa

hdi - mdi trudng vd nhdm he

thdng chinh tri. Cdc tieu chf

nay se Id can cfl' de xdy dyng

ndi dung chuang trinh muc

tieu qudc gia ve ndng thdn mdi

va Id can cfl' de kiem tra, ddnh

gid cdng nhan xa, huyen, tinh

dat ndng thdn mdi.

Theo Bd tieu chi Qudc

gia ve ndng thdn mdi, Chuang

trinh ky vpng den nam 2015 se

cd 20%) sd xa dat tieu chuan

ndng thdn mdi vd dat 50%o vdo

nam 2020, ca bdn xdy dyng

ket cau ba tang theo chuan

ndng thdn mdi, tang thu nhdp

cua ngudi dan len gap 2,5 lan

hien nay, ty le bd ngheo dudi

3%o... Se cd II de an de hien

TS. Hoang Thj Thiiy Nguyet

thuc boa chuong trinh ndy.

Trung binb mdi xa cdn ddu tu

120-150 ty ddng, trong dd cd

khodng 6-7 bang myc dy kien

dugc Nhd nudc bd trg 100%)

hoac mdt phan (30-90%o) tuy

tfl'ng vung vd ndi dung hd trg.

Ngudn vdn thyc hien chuong

trinh tfl' vdn ngan sdch trung

uang vd dia phuang; vdn

tin dyng; vdn tfl' cdc doanh

nghiep, hgp tdc xa, cdc loai

binb kinh te khdc vd huy ddng

ddng gdp tir cdng ddng dan cu.

Ca che hd trg theo nguyen

tac hd trg 100%o tu ngan sach

trung uang cho cdng tdc quy

hoach; dudng giao thdng tdi

trung lam xa; xay dung try sd

xa, tru'dng hgc dat chuan, tram

y te xa, nba van bda xa; kinh

phi cho cdng tac ddo tao kien

thiic ve xay dung ndng thdn

mdi cho cdn bd xa, can bd

thdn bdn, can bd bgp tdc xa.

Hd trg mdt phdn tu ngan sdch

trung uang cho xay dyng

cdng trinh cap nudc sinh boat,

thodt nudc thdi khu dan cu;

dudng giao thdng ndng thdn,

xdm, kenh muang ndi ddng...

Bd Ndng nghiep va Pbdt trien

Ndng thdn Id ca quan thudng

tryc cfla Chuang trinh, cflng

vdi cdc bd, ngdnh khdc chiu

trdch nhiem xay dyng ca che,

chinh sdch; hudng dan xay

Tap chf nghien cufu Tdi chfnh ke'todn <47