Scientific report:

T¹p chÝ KHKT N«ng nghiÖp, TËp 2, sè 3/2004

NH¢N NHANH gièng døa ®µi n«ng 4 b»ng kü thuËt nu«i cÊy m«

Rapid multiplication of Tai-nung 4 pineapple variety by means of tissue culture

NguyÔn Quang Th¹ch1

, §inh Tr−êng S¬n1

, NguyÔn ThÞ H−¬ng1

Summary

The tissue culture technique was applied for rapid multiplication of Tai-nung 4 pineapple, a

Taiwanese pineapple variety of good quality. The thin layers of the shoot tip were cultured on

the MS medium supplemented with 2.5% saccarose, 6.5g agar/l, 0.6 ppm of 2,4 D and 0.05ppm

kinetin. The percentage of regenerated plants obtained on this medium was 65.2% after 30 days

of culture with a rate of regeneration being 4.5 shoots per each thin layer. The medium for rapid

shoot multiplication consisted of MS + 2.5% saccarose + 6.5 g agar/l + 0.05 ppm NAA + 0.05

ppm IBA + 1 ppm BA. The shoot multiplication rate on this medium was 7.7 shoots/6 weeks.

Use of apical shoot dormancy breaking technique enhanced the rate of multiplication. The

multiplication rate was 23.74 times/subculture. The optimal medium for rooting was MS + 2.5%

saccarose + 6.5 g agar/l + 0.05 ppm IAA. On this medium, 100% of the shoots rooted after 25

days of culture. The optimal substrate for acclimatization was burnt rice husk plus sand at a ratio

of 2:1.

Keywords: Pineapple, Propagation, Tai-nung 4, tissue culture

1. §Æt vÊn ®Ò1

Theo chñ tr−¬ng cña Bé N«ng nghiÖp vµ

Ph¸t triÓn N«ng th«n ®Õn n¨m 2010 diÖn tÝch

trång døa chØ riªng gièng Cayenne cña ViÖt

Nam sÏ lµ 20.000 ha (Bé N«ng nghiÖp vµ Ph¸t

triÓn n«ng th«n, 1999), tuy nhiªn diÖn tÝch

trång chØ ®¹t gÇn 3.227ha (Côc KhuyÕn N«ng

vµ KhuyÕn L©m, 2002). V× vËy, nghiªn cøu

x©y dùng c«ng nghÖ nh©n gièng døa lµ vÊn ®Ò

cÇn gi¶i quyÕt hµng ®Çu trong viÖc ph¸t triÓn

trång døa hiÖn nay cña ViÖt Nam. Bªn c¹nh

ph−¬ng ph¸p nh©n gièng th«ng th−êng,

ph−¬ng ph¸p nu«i cÊy m« øng dông trong

nh©n gièng (T.Murashige, 1974) vµ ®Æc biÖt

trªn c©y døa Cayen ®· ®−îc rÊt nhiÒu t¸c gi¶

quan t©m vµ ®· x©y dùng thµnh c«ng quy tr×nh

nh©n gièng døa Cayen b»ng kü thuËt nu«i cÊy

1

ViÖn Sinh häc N«ng nghiÖp, Tr−êng §HNNI

m« (NguyÔn ThÞ NhÉn vµ céng sù 1995,

NguyÔn Quang Th¹ch vµ céng sù, 2001).

Døa §µi N«ng 4, mét gièng døa quý do

ViÖn Nghiªn cøu Gia NghÜa §µi Loan chän

t¹o, lµ gièng døa ¨n t−¬i cã gi¸ trÞ nhÊt, vá

qu¶ rÊt dÔ t¸ch, khi ¨n kh«ng cÇn gät vá, khÝa

m¾t nªn ®−îc ng−êi tiªu dïng −a chuéng. ë

ViÖt Nam, gièng døa nµy ch−a ®−îc trång

nhiÒu vµ b−íc ®Çu ®−îc kh¶o nghiÖm bëi mét

sè c¬ quan nh−: Tr−êng §¹i häc CÇn Th¬, §¹i

häc N«ng nghiÖp I Hµ Néi. §Ó x©y dùng qui

tr×nh nh©n nhanh gièng døa §µi N«ng 4,

chóng t«i ®· tiÕn hµnh nghiªn cøu nh©n nhanh

gièng døa §µi N«ng 4 b»ng kü thuËt nu«i cÊy

m«.

2. VËt liÖu, ph−¬ng ph¸p nghiªn

cøu

2.1. VËt liÖu nghiªn cøu: Gièng døa §µi

N«ng 4 cã nguån gèc §µi Loan

2.2. Ph−¬ng ph¸p nghiªn cøu

185