Phòng ngừa và phát hiện sớm đột quỵ

Phong ngu'a & phat

Dfit quy la tinh trgng mpt

phan nao bi che't dot

ngfit do mit ngudn mau

nufli dfldng, t l bdo ndo la logi t l

bao "quy tpc", chi thieu mau nudi

trong vdng 5 phut se ngflng hoat

dflng vd bi tin thfldng khfing hdi

phuc. Cd hai nguyen nhdn gay dpt

quy, thfl nhd't la do vd mach mau

nao (lam ehay mdu, chen ep ndo

bfl) va xud't huyet khoang dfldi

nhen (mgch mdu bi phinh rdi vd

ra lam mdu chay vdo khoang trdng

bao quanh ndo); thfl hai Id do tie

maeh ndo (mang xd md ddng d

thanh mgch mau ddy Ifin din, ldm

hep ldng mach, tim bi bfinh loan

nhip, rung nhi hogc b$nh hep — hd

van tim khie'n mau fl lgi, tgo thdnh

cue mdu dfing di chuyln tfl tim l§n

ndo, ket lai gdy tac mach mau nao

hay nhdi mau nao). Hdu qua la

vung cd thi do phin ndo dd dilu

khiln se ngifng hogt dpng, dan tdi

ye'u liet, te, mat cam giac, khdng

ndi dflde hode hdn mfi, thdm chi

Id tfl vong ne'u khdng dfldc cap ciJu

kip thdi. Nlu bdn eiu dai nap bi

tdn thfldng (50% cac trfldng hdp)

cd the gay ra: lifit dd'i bfin, khdi

diu la li^t mim, din dan dien

tie'n de'n lipt cflng; giam cam gidc

dfi'i bfin; giam thi life cung ben;

ndi khd. Ne'u tdn thUdng thdn ndo

(25%): trifiu ehflng da dang, cd the

gay liet tfl chi, rd'i logn thi gidc,

hpi chflng khda trong (tinh, hieu

nhifng do lifit, khfing ldm gi dugc).

Ne'u tdn thfldng khiem khuye't

(25%): nhieu diem nhdi mdu nhd

quanh hach nin, bao trong, ddi

thi vd ciu ndo, ngfldi benh vin y

thfle, cde trieu chflng cd the chi

lifin quan tdi vgn ddng hoac cam

giac hodc ci hai.

Chu de cua ngay DOt quy nao

toan eau ndm 2014 hfldng ve phu

nfl - dd'i tfldng cd ty le tfl vong do

dot quy cao hdn nam gidi (6 trong

10 trfldng hpp tfl vong do dot quy

26

la d phu nfl). Hdn nfla, phu nfl ndi

trd thfldng hay bd qua nhflng trieu

ehiJng ban diu dl dfi'n benh vifin

kip thdi. (3 phu nfl, benh thfldng

xay ra vdo khoang 10 - 15 nam

eudi eua cuflc ddi. Khi edn tre, do

npi tie't to' estrogen dflde tiet ra

thfldng xuyfin da ngan chgn md vd

cholesterol ling dpng trong long

mach, trdnh xd vfla dpng mgch.

Ngoai ra, estrogen cdn cd tde dung

gian mgch, gifl cho mach mau

khflng bi eo thit, giam kha nang

tgo cue mdu ddng. Nhu vgy, phu nfl

dflpc tfldng dd'i an todn trflde nguy

Cd bfinh trong sufi't giai doan budng

trflng cdn hoat dpng. Sau khi man

kinh, Ifldng cholesterol trong mdu

tdng cao, cdng ldn tudi edng ed

nhieu kha nang mac benh.

Yeu to' nguy ccf

va phong ngufa dgt quy

• Khong hut thuoc Id: hut

thudc Id ldm nguy cd xd vfla dfing

mach, nguy cd benh mach vanh

tdng gip dfii, nhit Id nhiing ngfldi

hut trfin 40 die'u moi ngdy. Nguy

cd ddt quy se dflt hin sau mpt vdi

nam ngifng hut thud'c Id.

• Chd' dg dn kali vd natri

khong hgtp ly: chl dp an it kali

ldm tang nguy cd dot quy, nen

bd sung kali bang dn thfim qua

vd rau tfldi. Mflc dd natri dflde

khuyfi'n cdo ehung la khfing qua

2,4g natri mfii ngay (tfldng dfldng

6g mudi dn natriclorua). Nhiing

bfinh nhdn tdng huydt dp ne'u

giam bdt lupng mufi'i an khoing

40mg/ngdy se giam dfldc nguy cd

tdng huye't dp hogc bifi'n chflng

tim mgch.

• Nghidn rU^ ngng (sfl dung

nhieu hdn 60g c6n/ngdy) gdy tdng

nguy Cd dpt quy. Sijf dung rfldu it

hdn 12g/ngdy thi nguy cd thip nhit

(lOg cdn tfldng dfldng vdi 330ml bia

hogc 100ml rfldu vang hogc 30ml

rfldu manh).

• Chong heo phi, beo bung

la nguy cd ldn nhit cua dot quy,

nfi'u BMI > 27 Iam tdng yfi'u td nguy

cd cua nhdi mdu nao.

• Phat hi^n vd dieu tri s&m

b^nh tim bao gom: rfi'i loan nhip

(dac biet la nmg nhi), tdn thfldng

van tim, cac tdn thfldng cd tim dgc

bipt nhli mdu cd tim mdi, nhdi mdu

ed tim cu.

£>dt quy do vd mach mdu nao

THUOC & Sl?C KHOE sd511 (1.11.2014)