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KHOA HOC CONG NGHE

IVGHIEIXI CIJU TAIXI DIJIMG ROTVI R A V A TRA U

D E SAI\I XUA T VAIM DAIVI

Pham Ngpc Nara^

TOMTAT

Nghien ciru tan dung rom ra va trau de san xuat van dam thong qua cac dac diem cau tao va tinh chat cua

rom ra va trau de tien banh san xuat van dam da dupc trien khai tai Phong thi nghiem Truong Dai hpc

Nong Lam, TP. Hd Chi Minh. Sir dung phuong phap quy hoach thuc nghiem de ngbien ciru va iing dung

phan mem Excel va Statgrafics 7.0 de hP trp xir ly so lieu. Muc dich nghien cim la tan dung ngudn nguyen

lieu phong phu tii phe thai nong nghiep (rom ra va trau) de san xuat van dam. Ket qua ngbien ciiu cho

thay, da dat dupc khdi lupng the tich ca ban cita trau la 0,202 g/cm^ rcmi la 0,11 g/cm\ Trau va rom ra la

nhung loai thuc vat ngoai go co kha nang tai tao nhanh, tru lupng Icin co the cung cap cho san xuat van

dam. Khi xii ly rom ra va trau vol ure co ndng dp 5% tbi van dam co tinh chat ca ly tot nhat. Do vay, dd tai

tien hanh xir ly dam rom ra va dam trau bang ure co nong dp 5%. Ty le keo dung tdi uu trong san xuat van

dam tir rom ra va trau la 13,7% keo dung cho Icip mat va 11,7% keo dung cho Icip loi. Cac thong sd cong

nghe toi uu trong san xuat van dam tir rom ra va trau la thdi gian ep 6,83 phut va nhiet dp ep 166°C, ty le

phoi iron dam trau 41%. Van dam co mau sic dep, be mat bong min, dp ben udn tinh 15,6 Mpa, dp dan nd

chieu day 7,87%, van nay co the thay the cho van dam gd trong san xuat do mpc.

Tir khoa: Khdi lugng rieng, nhiet dp ep, rom ra, trau, ty le phdi iron, van dam, udn tinh.

LDATVANDE

Su dung ngudn phe thai trong ndng nghiep lim

nguyen heu sin xuit ra nhung sin pham mang lai gii

tri kinh te cho xa hdi la rat can thiet, mpt trong cae

bien phip dd Ii sir dung rom ra vi triu de san xuit

van dam thay the cho van dam gd trong san xuat dd

moc.

Muc tieu nghien ciiu: Xic dinh cac gia tri tdi uu

cua nhiet dp ep, thdi gian ep vi ti le phdi trdn dam cd

anh hudng den chat lucmg vin dam nhu dp dan nd

day, ling suit udn tinh ciia van dam san xuat tir trau

va rom ra.

Muc dich nghien ciiu: San xuat thu nghiem mpt

ngudn nguyen Ueu mcii lim phong phu them ngudn

nguyen lieu cho sin xuat vin dam. Phd bien ket qua

nghien ciiu vio thyc tidn sin xuit nhim da dang hda

san pham vi giam gia thanh sin xuat.

U. NDI DUNG, PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU

1. Noi dung

Khao sat dac tinh ciia ram ra va trau. Xic dinh

miire anh hudng ciia xir Iy ure den chat lugng nguyen

beu. Xac dinh ty le keo dimg trong sin xuat van dam

3 Idp phdi trdn. Xic dinh cac thdng sd cdng nghe tdi

uu trong sin xuat van dam 3 Icip phdi trdn. San xuat

thu van dam 3 Icip phdi trdn theo cic thdng sd tdi uu.

2. Phuong phap

a. Do dac thuc nghiem

Cac dung cu do: Sir dung cac loai thude do

chieu dai nhu thude kep, thucic panme; can dien tii

cd dp chinh xac 0,01 g; may do van nang dd do ung

suit udn tinh ciia van dam.

Phuong phap do: Cac cdng thirc dung trong

nghien cim de xic dinh tinh chat vat Iy va tinh chat

ca hpc cua van dam theo tieu chuan van dam cap 2

loaiA-04TCN2-1999.

b. Quy hoach thuc nghiem

Qua nghien ciiu tham dd cho thay, tinh chat ca

ly eiia van dam ed mdi quan he giiia cac thdng sd dau

ra nhu iing suit udn tinh, dp dan nd day cua vin vcii

eic thdng sd dau vio nhu nhiet dp ep, thdi gian dp va

ty le phdi trdn cac loai dam the hien tinh phi tuyen ro

ret. Chpn phuang phap quy hoach thuc nghiem

nhim kiem tra, dinh gia mgt sd yeu td cdng ngh^

san xuat van dam. Dua vao ket qua nghien cuu xay

dyng md hinh toin hgc vi img dung Iy thuyet tdi uu

de giai cie bii toan tdi uu. Dimg phuong phip quy

hoach thyc nghiem bac 2 de phuc vu cho qui trinh

nghien ciru vi cd phuang trinh tuong quan dang tong

quit nhu sau:

Y^ = h + S ''/•«. Z l^.jX.x, I

' TS. Dai hpc Nong Lam TP. Ho Chi Minh

84 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 1 /: i