Nghiên cứu các sơ đồ công nghệ khai thác chọn lọc hợp lý cho các mỏ quặng sắt lộ thiên việt nam

Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o

^/ NGHIEN CllU CAC S0 DO CONG NGHE KHAI THAC CHON LOC HOfP LY

CHO CAC MO QUANG SAT LO THIEN VIET NAM

Recently, the selective mining method for the iron ore

bodies has been carried out at Vietnam open pit iron ore

mines. However, the proper selective mining technologies

have not been so far selected; therefore, the loss rate is

increased, directly affecting on the mining cost. Therefore,

in the coming years, the selective mining technology for

open pit iron ore mines will have to be changed, suitable

to the concrete natural and technical conditions at each

mine, for recovering natural resources and increasing the

efficiency in business and production of mining enterpnses

TS. LUU VAN THl/C

ThS DO NGOC TU-dC

ThS. l e BA PHLfC

Vign Khoa hgc COng nghO Md - Vinacomin

BiOn tip: TS. Trwong Duv Dw

Khai thac chpn Igc la tong hgp cac giai phap

ky thuat va to chirc nham taeh ridng cac logi

khoang san cd chit lugng khac nhau, taeh rieng

da kgp ra khdi via quang, dam bao higu qua sir

dgng va tgn thu ti l da tai nguydn tir Idng dat vdi

ty l§ tin thit va lam ngheo it nhit. Hien tai, eae

md da va dang tien hanh khai thae chpn Ipc eae

via qugng sit, tuy nhldn, cac md hien nay vin

chua lya chgn dugc cdng nghg khai thae chpn

Ipc hgp \</, iam tang ty lg tin thit va iam ngheo,

anh hudng tryc tilp din gia thanh khai thac

rieng qugng. Do v|y, trong nhirng nam tdi, cdc

md qugng sit Id thien can lua chgn cdng nghe

khai thae chpn Igc phu hgp vdi dieu kign ty

nhien- kT thugt cg the cua tirng dgng via trong

moi md, nhim tan thu ti l da tai nguyen, nang

cao hi0u qua san xuat kinh doanh cho cac doanh

nghigp md.

1. oanh gia hign trgng cong tac khai thac

chpn IQC tai cac md quang si t 1$ thien Viet

Nam

Trong nhirng nam qua, cdng nghd khai thae

chgn Ipc chua dugc cac md qugng sit 16 thien

quan tam, phin Idn cac md hign nay deu dang

ap dyng cdng ngh$ khai thac chpn Ipc la: Lam

tgi khdng chgn Ipc, ho|c xiie boc chpn Ipe don

gian. Dl i vdi khau lam toi, cac mc quang sat chu

ylu su dyng eae may khean dgp cap KZ hcae

DK cd dudng kinh d =200mm, cac logi may

khoan nay cd nang suit thip, hit khiu hao va

khdng thi khoan cac l6 khoan song song vdi

vach ho§c tn,j via. Hign nay, mpt s l md bat dau

diu tu cac thilt bi khoan thijy lye ed dudng kinh

d = 75mm+105mm de khoan quang va dit da

vdi gdc nghieng Id khoan khac nhau. Tuy nhien,

cac md van chu yeu ap dyng cdng nghg khoan

n l min toan ting, chua ap dgng cdng nghg n l

min tien tien, dan den higu qua no chua cao, dit

da va qugng bj xao trpn gay khd khan eho qua

trinh xiic ble chpn Ipe. Ddi vdi edng tae xuc bee

chgn Ipc, cac md sir dyng may xuc thuy lye gau

ngugc (MXTLGN), dung tich gau tir 1,0^2,0m^.

cae thdng sd kT thuat nhu ehieu cao xiic chpn

Ipc thudng nhd hon chieu cap tang khai thac va

khong phu hgp d l khai thac mgt so via quang cd

eiu tao phirc tap, ldm tang ti lg tin thit va ldm

ngheo. Qua danh gia hien trang cho thay, viec

ap dyng cdng nghe khai thac chpn Ipc khdng phu

hgp dilu kign ty nhien - ky thuat mc, lam tang

ty lg tin that - iam ngheo qugng, gay tin that tai

nguydn dit va giam higu qua khai thac.

Theo Quy hoaeh tham dd, khai thac, che bien

va sir dung quang sat den nam 2020, cd xet den

nam 2030, trong gial doan 2016-2020, cac md

qugng sat nudc ta dgt san lugng khai thac

khoang 16 trigu tin quang nguyen khai/nam,

ding thdi, cae md khai thac dudi muc thoat

nudc ty chay trong dieu kien dd kien co, dp khoi

dat da va quang ngay cang tang. Vigc ap dung

so do edng nghe khai thac chgn Ipe hgp ly ehe

cac md quang sat Id thien Viet Nam la can thiet.

2. Ca so- xac dmh cdng nghe khai thac

chpn Ipc hpp ly

Can cir vao dac diem dieu kien ty nhien - ky

thugt eae md qugng sat Ip thien Vigt Nam, cdng

nghe khai thac chgn Igc hgp ly dugc lya chpn

la: Lam tai chpn Igc va xiic bee chpn Igc tirng

logi khpang san. Cdng nghe nay dugc lua chpn

KHCNM s o 2/2015 * CNKT LO TIIIEN