GRAMMAR 12

Teacher: Quỳnh Giang

THEÅ THUÏ ÑOÄNG

(THE PASSIVE VOICE)

* Theå chuû ñoäng (active voice) laø caùch ñaët caâu maø chuû töø ñoùng vai troø chuû ñoäng.

- Mr. Brown wrote the report yesterday.

- He has already finished his homework.

* Theå thuï ñoäng (passive voice) laø caùch ñaët caâu maø chuû töø ñoùng vai troø bò ñoäng.

- That house was built 100 years ago.

- Those windows are painted blue.

 Passive sentence : S + be + past participle

1/ Haõy quan saùt ví duï sau :

* Active : Tom broke the chair yesterday.

S V O

* Passive : The chair was broken by Tom yesterday.

S be + P.P by doer

2/ Ghi nhôù: Caùch ñoåi moät caâu töø active sang passive :

* Laáy tuùc töø (O) trong caâu chuû ñoäng xuoáng laøm chuû töø (S) trong caâu thuï ñoäng.

* Nhaän xeùt xem ñoäng töø chia trong caâu chuû ñoäng ôû thì naøo, ta chia TO BE ôû thì

ñoù roài vieát ñoäng töø chính ôû daïng quaù khöù phaân töø (p.p).

* Laáy chuû töø (S) trong caâu chuû ñoäng xuoáng laøm doer trong caâu thuï ñoäng, nhôù

vieát BY ngay ñaèng tröôùc.

* Traïng töø giöõ nguyeân khoâng ñoåi vaø thöôøng ñaët cuoái caâu (neáu laø traïng töø chæ thôøi

gian).

3/ Moät vaøi ví duï khaùc :

+ (a) simple present : [Subject+ am / is / are + P.P ]

- Mr.Green teaches history.

 History is taught by Mr.Green.

+ (b) present perfect : [ S + has / have + been + p.p ]

- He has just done his homework.

 His homework has just been done by him.

+ (c) present continuous : [ S + am / is / are / + being + p.p]

- She is cleaning the windows.

 The windows are being cleaned by her.

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