Giáo dục lòng nhân ái cho trẻ mầm non

GIAO DUC LONG NHAN AI CHO TRE MAM NDN

O ThS. CHU THI HONG NHUNG*

1. Long nhdn di Id mdt phdn ed't ldi trong nhdn

cdch. Id nen tdng cuo dqo due vd Id mdt trong

nhQng phdm chdt coo quy cua eon ngudi. Tinh

cdm dd khdng phdi Id bdm sinh md duqc hinh

thdnh trong cuqc sd'ng, trong nhQng mdi quan he

xd hdi, mdi quon he vdi nhung ngudi xung quonh.

Theo Tu dien Tieng Viet, Tdng nhdn di Id «tinh

yeu thuong con ngudi" (1). Nhu vdy, trong Idng

nhdn di cd tinh yeu vd tinh thuong. Tu djnh nghTa

tren to thdy, Idng nhdn di Id mqt trong nhQng tinh

cdm dqo due trong dd ndi len nhQng thdnh to

quon h-qng Id tinh yeu, sy cdm thdng, y thuc trdch

nhiem ddi vdi eon ngudi. Ngudi cd Idng nhdn di

Id ngudi cd tdm hdn rdng md, bilt quy trqng con

ngudi, d l cdm thdng vdi nhQng ngudi bdt hqnh,

thudng td ra khoan dung, do luqng, sdn sdng

giup oa ngudi khde, Idm bdt dau khd vd dem Iqi

niem vui cno nhQng ngudi xung quonh.

Ngdy nay, trong xu thi hdi nhdp vd todn cdu

hda, trong dieu kien nen kinh t l ddt nude vdn

hdnh theo co ehi thj trudng cd su qudn li cuo nhd

nude, khdng ft nhQng gid trj dong dung trudc

nhieu thu thdch gay gdt. Vi vdy, gido dye (GD)

dqo due, bdi dudng nhdn cdch cho con ngudi

ddc biet Id thi he tri Id dieu kien quon trqng

ddm bdo cho sy phdt trien todn dien vd ben vQng

cua dd't nude. Nhd cd Idng nhdn di md chung ta

khdc phyc duqc nhQng mdt trdi cuo co che thi

trudng nhu ldi sd'ng fch kl, chqy theo Iqi fch cua

ddng tien... Bdi vdy, viec gido dye Idng nhdn di

(GDLNA) cho eon ngudi ndi chung vd eho thi he

tre ndi rieng Iqi cdng cd y nghTo quon trqng trong

giai doqn hien nov.

2. Su cdn thiet GDLNA cho tre mdm non

Tre khi sinh ro dd bdt ddu mdt qud trinh hdo

nhdp vdo cdng ddng vd xd hdi lodi ngudi 6e trd

thdnh ngudi. Mdt nhu cdu ndi trdi cd dnh hudng

rd't Idn ^' n sy phdt trien eua tre Id «nhu cdu duqc

on todn, duqc chdp nhqn, duqc yeu thuong" (2).

Sdng h-ong tinh yeu thuong dum bqc khdng nhung

Id hqnh phuc cuo tri tho md cdn Id dilu kien tien

quylt Idm ndy nd tinh yeu cuo tri dd'i vdi mql

ngudi xung quonh md khdi dilm quon trqng Id

tinh gdn bd me eon. Nhu vdy, ddi vdi tri mdm

non, GDLNA cho tri khdng nhung se tqo nen cdi

Tap clii Giao due so 26 5 (ki i • 7/2011)

«gdc" dqo due tdt dep vd bin vQng d tre md cdn

Id dqng lye quon trqng 6e tri phdt triln nhdn

cdch theo mdt chieu hudng tfch eye.

Chung to cdn chdm lo, vun ddp nhQng ddu

hieu ban ddu cuo Idng nhdn di eho tre ngay tu

tud'i tho, khi tre bdt ddu cd nhQng quan he vdi

mdi trudng xung quanh. Dd Id tinh cdm gdn bd

vdi eon ngudi, thdi do vui ve, chan hdo trong

cuqc sdng, nhQng kinh nghiem ddu tien v l quan

he thdn di vdi mqi ngudi (tinh yeu, sy quan tdm,

chia si , ddng cdm, tho thu, giup do...). Tu viee

hinh thdnh cho tre tinh yeu thuong dd'i vdi eon

ngudi vd sy vdt se ddn hinh thdnh d tre nhung

tinh cdm dqo 6uc tdt dep.

Theo PGS. TS. Nguyin Anh Tuylt, d luo tud'i

mdu gido, tinh cdm cuo tre phdt trien rd't mqnh

me dqc biet Id tfnh ddng cdm vd tfnh d l xuc dqng

ddi vdi con ngudi vd ednh vdt xung quanh. Cdc

nhd tdm If coi ddy Id qud trinh phdt cdm cuo

nhQng xuc cdm thdm mT - dqo 6uc, tuc Id nhQng

xuc cdm tfch eye ndy sinh khi tre tilp xuc tryc tilp

vdi dieu tdt vd cdi dep, khiln tri gdn bd tha thilt

vdi eon ngudi vd cdnh vdt xung quanh, kfch thfeh

tre Idm nhung dieu tdt Idnh d l dem Iqi niem vui

cho mqi ngudi. GDLNA cho mqi ngudi phdi bdt

ddu tu luo tudi mdm non. Id thdi diem GD thudn

Iqi vd cd hieu qud nhdt. Hoy ndi cdch khdc, luo

tudi mdu gido Id thdi ki thudn Iqi de GDLNA, bd

quo thdi ki ndy khdng quan tdm di n GDLNA cho

tre Id mqt soi Idm nghiem trqng. Thye t l eho thdy,

hien nay mqt sd tre do duqc bd me nudng chieu,

t ri mdi me vui choi theo y thfeh, sd'ng khep kfn

md khdng quan tdm di n ngudi xung quonh ddn

d i n hien tuqng tre sd'ng fch ki vd thdm chf vd

cdm. Nl u hien tuqng ndy trd nen phd biln se

dnh hudng rd't Idn di n nhdn cdch eua nhieu the

he ngudi Viet Nam sou ndy.

Trong Chuong trinh GD mdm non duqc Bq

trudng Bd GD-DT kf ban hdnh theo Thdng tu sd

17/2009/n-BGDDT (3), vdn de GDLNA cho tri

mdu gido Id mdt ndi dung trqng tdm trong iTnh

vyc GD tinh cdm vd kT ndng xd ndi, gdm: Bilt

* Vien Khoa hoc giao due Viet Nam

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