Dictionary of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Part 5 pdf

DICTIONARY OF TERMS

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factors thus provide a measure of comparison

between different areas.

location quotient A statistical measure of

the share of an area of some activity in compar￾ison with its share of another aggregate such

as population. For example, if an area receives

10 per cent of a country’s tourist arrivals and

accounts for 20 per cent of the country’s

population, the location quotient is 0.50.

locator map Map used in guide books and

other travel reference books, usually covering

a town, city or another limited area with attrac￾tions and accommodation highlighted. Grids

are used to aid location rather than degrees of

latitude and longitude common to conven￾tional maps.

loch A Scottish, Gaelic and Irish term for a

lake, e.g., Loch Lomond in Scotland or Loch

Erne in Ireland; also a narrow arm of the sea

with steep sides.

lock Section of canal or river enclosed by gates,

into which boats enter to be raised by water

being let in or lowered by water being let out.

In this way boats can pass from one reach of

canal or river to another at different levels.

lodging industry American term used as a

synonym for hotel industry, but also in a

wider sense to include to a varying extent all

or most other establishments of commercial

hospitality, such as guest houses and also

condominia.

logo Unique design, symbol or another repre￾sentation of the name of a firm or another

organization used to identify it and distinguish

it from competitors.

Lomé Convention A convention first signed

at Lomé, the capital of Togo, in 1975 by the

European Economic Community (EEC) and

developing countries of Africa, the Caribbean

and the Pacific (ACP States), which provided

for duty-free access for most ACP countries’

exports to the EEC and financial and technical

aid. The latest Convention – Lomé IV – covered

the ten years 1991–2000. Meeting in Cotonou,

Benin, in June 2000, EU and ACP heads of state

and governments concluded a new 20-year

partnership accord with 77 ACP countries,

called the Cotonou Agreement.

long haul/short haul travel/tourism

Distinction of particular relevance in civil

aviation, where it stems from difference in

aircraft types, operational and traffic handling

techniques and in marketing. Sometimes used

synonymously with travel/tourism between/

within continents or between/within global

regions. However, the distinction is most

appropriately based on the measurable length of

haul. Thus, e.g., the Consumers’ Association’s

Holiday Which? defines long haul travel as

flights lasting more than about five hours.

long holidays (vacations) A term variously

defined for particular purposes, e.g., in most

national holiday (vacation)/travel/tourism

surveys in Europe, as holidays (vacations) of

four nights/five days or more away from

home. See also short holidays.

long service leave Entitlement to 13 weeks’

leave on full pay for Australian employees in

continuous employment with a single public

sector employer over a ten-year period. This

benefit has enabled Australians to take long

holidays (vacations) away from home, to

explore Australia and/or travel overseas to

such long haul destinations as the UK and the

rest of Europe.

long ton (lgt) See ton (tonne)

long-distance footpath A long linear pedes￾trian route, typically across open or forested

hill country. Accommodation may be sought

in nearby settlements, in huts or tents along the

route. Introduced in England and Wales by the

National Parks and Access to the Countryside

Act 1949 and in Scotland by the Countryside

(Scotland) Act 1967. Known in North America

as a trail, e.g., Appalachian Trail, extending

over 2000 km (1200 miles). However, it is not

known what proportion of users walk the

whole length of any footpath or trail.

longitude The angular distance of any point

on the earth’s surface east or west of the zero

meridian, which runs through Greenwich,

England, as measured in degrees, minutes and

seconds. There are 180 degrees in each direction,

each degree is sub-divided into 60 minutes and

each minute into 60 seconds. See also latitude.

loss leader A good or service sold at a very

low price to attract customers to purchase

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108DICTIONARY OF TRAVEL, TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

other items, a practice particularly common in

grocery retailing, but also used, e.g., in restau￾rants and other eating establishments.

Loti Unit of currency of Lesotho.

Low Countries Belgium, Holland and

Luxembourg. See also Benelux.

loyalty programmes/schemes See frequent

user programmes

luggage See baggage

luncheon vouchers Tickets issued by

employers to employees to use in payment for

food in restaurants which accept the vouchers.

Vouchers are commonly provided to employ￾ers by specialist firms, such as Luncheon

Vouchers Ltd in the UK, which redeem them

from restaurants for cash.