Dictionary of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Part 2 ppt

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20DICTIONARY OF TRAVEL, TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

bank guarantee A guarantee by a bank that

it will pay in the event of default, so that no

enquiries regarding the solvency of an individ￾ual need be made.

Bank Holidays Days on which banks in the

UK are legally closed, also usually kept as

public holidays. Bank Holidays in England,

Wales, Northern Ireland and the Channel

Islands are: New Year’s Day, Good Friday,

Easter Monday, Early May Holiday (first

Monday in May), Spring Holiday (late

May/early June), Late Summer Holiday (last

Monday in August), Christmas Day, Boxing

Day. In Scotland the public holidays fall on the

same days as in England, except that 2 January

is substituted for Easter Monday and August

Bank Holiday is taken on the first Monday

instead of the Late Summer Holiday. In

Northern Ireland 17 March (St Patrick’s Day),

and in the Channel Islands 9 May (Liberation

Day), are also public holidays.

bank selling rate The rate of exchange at

which a bank will sell a foreign currency or

traveller’s cheques (traveler’s checks). See also

bank buying rate.

Bank Settlement Plan (BSP) A system of

settlement of travel agency accounts with

airlines based on uniform documentation for

all airlines, in which payments are made

through a bank and not directly to carriers.

Under the system agents report airline sales

and their bank accounts are debited with the

amounts owed.

bar code Universal Product Code (UPC), system

of printed lines on a product, which gives a

price when read by a computer.

bareboat charter An arrangement whereby a

yacht or another vessel is hired without a crew

or supplies for a specified period. Evidence of

competence is usually required by the

charterer and seashore facilities are usually

available to provide fuel and other supplies.

This is a highly developed approach in princi￾pal sailing areas, such as the Caribbean and is

also common in Queensland, Australia; it is to

be distinguished from crewed charter and

provisioned charter. See also flotilla cruising.

barge A wide flat-bottomed boat used mainly

on rivers and in harbours.

barometer An instrument for measuring

atmospheric pressure, also used in estimating

altitude and in weather forecasting. See also

altimeter.

Baroque Architectural style of the seven￾teenth and early eighteenth centuries in Europe

characterized by ornate decoration, complex

spatial arrangement and grand vistas. The term

is also applied to the painting of the period.

barrage A structure built across a river to hold

back water for such purposes as irrigation,

storage and also for flood control, as, e.g., the

Thames Barrier in London, which has become a

major tourist/visitor attraction. Sometimes a

distinction is drawn between a barrage and a

dam, the latter but not the former being used

for power generation.

barrel A unit of capacity used in the brewing

industry equal to 36 Imperial gallons.

barrier island A low sandy ridge running

parallel to a coastline, from which it is

separated by a lagoon, so that it acts as a

barrier between the lagoon and the open sea.

Well-known examples are to be found along

the eastern seaboard of the USA, north coast of

continental Europe and the coast of east Africa.

See also barrier reef.

barrier reef A coral reef running parallel to

a coastline, from which it is often separated by

a lagoon, so that it acts as a barrier between

the lagoon and the open sea. A well-known

example is the Great Barrier Reef, extending for

over 2000 kilometres (1200 miles) off the coast

of Queensland, which is one of Australia’s

chief tourist/visitor attractions. See also barrier

island.

barter Exchange of goods or services without

the exchange of money, to be found in primi￾tive communities, but see also black economy.

base fare The fare excluding taxes and other

surcharges.

basing fares See basing point

basing point A location to and from which

air fares are established, and which is used in

the absence of published fares for a given

itinerary to construct through fares between

DICTIONARY OF TERMS

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the point of origin and the final destination.

The component part fares are known as basing

fares.

Bathing Water Directive European

Community Council Directive of 1975

laying down minimum or ‘mandatory’ and

stricter ‘guideline’ water quality standards

for beaches in member states. At the end of

each bathing season member states have to

present the results of weekly testing to the

EC, which publishes the season’s results in

an annual report Quality of Bathing Water,

available from public libraries and European

Documentation Centres. See also Blue Flag;

Seaside Awards.

Bay Express New Zealand rail service linking

Wellington and Napier in the North Island.

bazaar

(a) An Oriental market place, usually consist￾ing of a large number of shops or stalls,

such as the Istanbul bazaar, one of the

city’s major tourist/visitor attractions.

(b) A fair for the sale of articles, commonly

with a charitable objective, attended

mainly by residents of a locality, but

sometimes also by visitors.

beach An area of sand or shingle on the shore

of a lake or of the sea; when the latter, primar￾ily between low and high water mark, but

often extending above highwater and backed

by cliffs, dunes and vegetated land. On a rocky

coastline, in bays between headlands, beaches

are characteristically arcuate in shape and less

than a mile in length, but on soft coasts they

can be much longer and straighter, e.g., Ninety

Mile Beach in New Zealand. Beaches are a

major tourist/visitor attraction, both in their

own right and for water-based activities. While

beaches are, within the tidal range, to a large

extent self-cleansing, they, and the offshore

waters in densely settled areas, have been

greatly affected by pollution, by litter

deposited by users, by refuse dumped

offshore, by urban sewage, and by oil spills;

the European Union is attempting to promote

clean beaches by a system of evaluation and

the award of Blue Flags for those that achieve

the required standard.

beam A nautical term denoting the breadth of

a ship at its widest point.

Beaufort scale A numerical scale of wind

force, ranging from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane,

above 120 km per hour).

bed and board See American Plan (AP)

bed and breakfast

(a) An establishment providing sleeping

accommodation with breakfast, usually

operated by private households and partic￾ularly common in the British Isles. Often

referred to as a ‘B & B’.

(b) Accommodation tariff which includes sleep￾ing accommodation and Continental or

English breakfast, offered by private house￾holds as well as commercial establishments.

See also Bermuda Plan (BP); Continental

Plan (CP); European Plan (EP).

bed tax Tax levied by central or local govern￾ment or another agency on staying visitors

collected at the place of stay, as a means of

raising revenue; sometimes the proceeds are

applied to tourism purposes. May be also

called hotel, or room tax. See also resort tax;

tourist tax.

bed types/descriptions

See berth queen (size)

bunk rollaway bed

double single

double double sofa bed

Hollywood studio bed

king (size) twin

Murphy ‘Z’ bed

beehive-style hotel A Japanese-style sound￾proof, airconditioned cubicle with bed, table,

television, telephone and small bathroom.

bell boy American term for page boy in a

hotel.

bell captain American term for hotel head

porter. See also concierge.

bell hop American term for hotel porter, also

called bellman.

bellman See bell hop

below-the-line advertising Term often

used to describe any form of advertising and

promotional activity other than in the commis￾sion-paying media, and including, e.g., direct