Chính sách tài chính cho giáo dục đại học tại Đài Loan

GIAO DUC Ntfd c NGOAI

CHINH SACH TAI CHIN H

CHO GIAO DUC DAi HOC TAi DAI LOAN • • • •

O TS. DA O THU GIAN G - TS. NGUYEN THU THUY - ThS. TRAN TU UYEN*

1. Khdi qudt chung ve gido due dai hoc

(GDOH) d Ddi Loan

Ddi Loon (DL) Id mdt vung Idnh thd d khu vyc

Ddng A, cd dien tich 35.873 km^ vdi sd ddn

khodng 24 trieu ngudi. Trinh do ddn tri tuong

ddi coo, ti le ngudi biet chu tren 15 tudi Id 9d%.

V l kinh te, DL duqc menh danh Id mdt trong bdn

con rdng chdu A.

GDDH cuo DL boo gdm trung cdp, cde vien

cdng nghe, trudng coo ddng nhdn vdn vd cdc

vien dqi hqc (DH). Chuong trinh GD ddc biet

boo gdm: ddnh cho tre em cd khd ndng dqc

biet, nhung ngudi khuyet tdt hodc chdm hieu.

O cde bdc hqc CD, DH di u cd cdc Idp hqc ddnh

rieng cho nhung SV khiem thj. Hinh thuc hqc

tuong ddi da dqng: tu xo, hdm thy,... Tqi cdc

trudng DH vung sdu, vung xo, SV cung cd the

hqc trye tuyen quo cdc chuong trinh phdn mim

hd trq gidng dqy nhu Home meeting hay

Prefeaching...

Ndm 1 995, DL chi cd dO trudng DH nhung

den ddu ndm 2010 dd cd 17d trudng DH vd hqc

vien. Viec tdng sd luqng trudng DH se Idm tdng

ea hdi cho ngudi hqc, gdp phdn cdi thien chdt

luqng cudc sdng, tuy nhien, dilu ndy cung ddn

tdi mdt nguy co Id suy gidm chung chdt luqng

GD, ddng thdi tdng sue ep ngdn sdeh tdi chinh

cho nhd nude. Chinh phu DL cung dd thua nhdn

soi sdt khi cho phep thdnh ldp qud nhieu trudng

DH trong thdi gian gdn ddy.

De thdo gd cdc khd khdn dd, hien nay, DL

dang tich cyc md rdng mqng ludi ddo tqo sang

cde nudc dong phdt trien. Viet Nam cung Id mdt

trong nhung thj trudng ddy tilm ndng md DL

hudng tdi (vi ti le HS dd DH d nudc to rdt thdp).

Nhung thi sinh khdng du dilu kien vdo hqc tqi

cdc trudng DH d Viet Nam ed the theo hqc tqi

cdc trudng DH d DL (vi yeu cdu ddu vdo cuo hq

thdp hon cua nudc ta).

2. Co che tdi chinh cho GD DH

1) Cde khodn thu cua cdc trudng DH. Viec

sd luqng SV tdng nhanh hon so vdi ngdn sdeh

ddnh eho GD DH dd Idm cho chinh phu DL phdi

ddi mat vdi khdng it nhung thdch thuc, khd khdn.

Ddu thdp ki 90, chinh phu nudc ndy dd cd nhung

nd tyc nhdm chuyen ddi ngdn sdeh tu cdc trudng

DH cdng song cdc trudng DH tu de gidm bdt gdnh

ndng tdi chinh. Cdc trudng ddn ldp Id cdc don vi

ty qudn, do vdy, tu chu ve thu chi ngdn sdeh hon

so vdi cdc trudng cdng ldp...

2) Cde khodn chi cua cdc trudng DH vd

ea ehe qudn li. Theo so lieu dieu tra ndm 2009,

cde trudng DH DL phdi trong trdi 5 khodn kinh

phi quon trqng nhu: ddu tu trong thiet b| dqy

hqc, CO sd vdt chdt; cdi thien phdn mim; hqc bdng

ddnh cho SV; thuc ddy GV nghien cuu khoo hqc,

gidng dqy, phdt trien chuyen mdn... Do sd cdc

trudng su dyng hem mdt nua so kinh phi vdo viec

tdng eudng phdn mim, thiet bj gidng dqy, thie't

bj khoa hqc tien tiln vd hqc bdng cho SV.

Ndm 2010, tdng ngdn sdeh DL chi cho GD Id

4.794 ti ddi te (tuong duong 2.550 nghin ti VN).

Mdt trong cdc khodn duqc quon tdm hdng ddu Id

chi trd luong cho GV vd edn bd trong ngdnh.

a) Luang cua hieu trudng: Ndm 2009, cdn

cu vdo dy todn cdng vy cua Bd GD vd quy djnh

ddi ngd, binh qudn thu nhdp cuo hieu trudng

cde trudng cdng ldp khodng 140.000 ddi te

(khodng 70 trieu VN) (boo gdm luong gido su

CO bdn, hd trq nghien cuu, trdch nhiem qudn

li...). Tuy nhien, muc luong ndy cdn phy thudc

vdo tung trudng DH, mdt so trudng cd nhung

khodn luong «tdng them" cho hieu trudng do

hq cd them kinh phi tu viec cho thue dia diem

trudng, hoqt ddng hqp tdc, tdi trq cuo doonh

nghiep... Hon nuo, quy md cuo trudng cdng Idn,

luong hieu trudng cdng cao. Ddi vdi cdc trudng

* Tnfcfng Dai hoc Ngoai thirong

Tap clii Giao due s6 23 9 (ki i - 6/201 o)