Cẩm nang sử dụng từ nối trong tiếng Anh

f I T n g lE H c o n lH T T d n s a q 3

Cam nang si) dung

T O ' N O I T R O N G

T I E N G A N H

HANDBOOK OF ENGLISH

CONJUNTION USAGE

CDBK N H A XL/AT BAN T l/D I^ N B A C H K H O A

ANDBOOK OF ENGLISH CONJUNTIO

C A M N A N G SLf D U N G T tf N O I T R O N G

7 . A r H

HANDBOOK OF ENGLISH CONJUNTION USAGE

TH.S TRAN TRONG DLfCfNG

NGUYEN QUOC KHANH

CAM NANG Stf DUNG Tlf NOI TRONG

7 [enq

HANDBOOK OF ENGLISH CONJUNTION USAGE

n h A x u a t b a n tlJ b i e n b Ac h k h o a

GIQfl THIEU CHUNG ■

A. Dinh nghta

lur noi la tir dung de noi lien hai tu, hai cum tir hoac hai

menh de vai nhau.

B. Cac loai tir noi

f

Co hai loai tir noi.

1. Tir noi kct hop (co-ordinating conjunction) noi hai cau

dan trong mot cau ghep (compound sentence):

Vi du:

4

He had a pen and a pencil.

(he had a pen, he had a pencil)

(Arth la co mot cai but nnrc va mot cai but chi)

He went to the door and opened it.

(he went to the door, he opened it)

(Anh la di ra cira va mo no ra)

He goes to the market and buys flowers.

(he goes to the market, he buys flowers)

(Anh ta di cho va mua hoa)

My house has a dog and a cat.

(my house has a dog, my house has a cat)

(Nha toi co mot con cho va mot con meo)

My brother learns English and China.

5

(my brother learns English, my brother learns China)

(Anh trai loi hoc liengAnh va tieng Tnmg)

2. Tu* noi phu thuoc (subordinating conjunction) noi

menh de phu vai menh de chinh trong cau phirc (complex

sentence):

Vi du:

Menh de chinh Lien lie Menh ile phu

She said that she would help.

(Co dy noi rang co dy se giup do)

You will recognize him when you see him.

(Anh se lihan ra anh dy khi anh gap anh dy)

He did not see where I had gone.

(Anh la khong I hay noi loi da di)

Do you understand why I do that9

(Anh co hieu lai sao loi lam dien do?)

You can visit my house whenever you like

(Ban co the den tham nha ioi bat cu li'ic ndo ban thich)

6

Ttf NOI K E T KtfP■

(CO-ORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS)

r

Co bon nhom chinh:

1. Nhom AND : (Vci, ngu y: them vao).

2. Nhom BUT : (Nhung ma, ngu y: phan nguac)

3. Nhom OR : (Hoac, nguy: chon lira)

4. Nhom SO : (VI the, nguy: hau qua)

V aFO R : (Vi: chi ly do).

Trong tirng nhom co nhieu tir dong nghTa, tuy nhien moi tir

co mot sac thai nghTa rieng.

B A I 1

NHOM AND

Nhom and dung de dien ta y cong them

1. And : va

Vidu:

He was tired and hungry.

(Anh dy met va dot).

He plays squash and rugby.

(Anh ta chai bong quan va bong bdu due).

My mother is beautiful and gentle.

(Me cua toi xinh dep va diu dang).

My teacher has a house and a car.

7

(Co giao cua toi co mot cai nha va mot cai o to).

«

Peter can play the guitar and piano.

(Peter co the choi diroc ghita va chcomg cam).

My house has a garage and a garden.

(Nha toi co mot cai gara va mot khu viran).

He likes reading books and watching television.

(Anh ta thich doc sdch va xem ti vi).

I make the payments and keep the accounts.

(Toi tra tien va giir bien lai).

I have two sisters and a brother.

(Toi co hai chi gai va mot anh trai).

2. B oth...anD : vira... vira, ca...dcu

Vi du :

He was both tired and hungry.

(Anh ta vira met vi'ra doi).

She was both pretty and intelligent.

(Co ta vira dep vim thong minh).

He both learned and watched television.

(Anh ta vira hoc vira xem ti vi).

Both men and women were drafted into the armv.

J

(Ca dan dug Ian dan ba deu diroc tint nap vao quan doi).

Both Nam and Lan go to the English club.

(Ca Nam va Lan deu di den cau lac bo tiingAnh).

Both my father and my mother are teachers.

(Ca bo va me toi deu lam giao vien).

She was both attractive and lovely.

r r ,

(Co dy vira quyen ru vira dangyeu).

My closest friend is good at both Maths and chemistry.

(Ban than cua toi vira hoc gidi toan vira hoc gidi hoa).

His research is both clear and logical.

(Nghien ciru cua anh dy vira ro rang vira logic).

3. As well as: cung, viia...nfra

Vi du:

He was tired as well as hungry.

(Anh dy vira met lai vira doi).

I speak English as well as Italian.

r r r

(Toi vira noi diroc tiengAnh vira noi dupe tieng Y).

He can drive a motobike as well as a car.

(Anh ta co the di duoc ca xe may va o to).

My dog was quick as well as lovely.

(Con cho cua toi vira nhanh nhen vira dangyeu).

The weather is hot as well as cold.

(Thai tiet vira nong vira I anh).

My school is large as well as nice.

(Tnrang cita toi vira rong vira dep).

Our hometown is quiet as well as peacful.

(Que huang cua chung toi vira tinh lang vayen binh).

This road was clean as well as romantic.

(Con dirang nay vira sack se vira lang man).

My computer is cheap as well as useful.

(May tinh cua toi vira re vira tien ich).

9

4. And also, and...too: va cung

Vi du:

He was tired and also hungry,

or : He was tired and hungry too.

(Anh ta met va cung doi mra).

This book is interesting and also romantic,

or : This book is interesting and romantic too.

(Quyen sdch nay hay va cung lang man mra).

My brother is naughty and also clever,

o r,: My brother is naughty and clever too.

(Anh trai cua toi nghich ngcnn va cung thong minh mra).

He plays football and also volleyball,

or : He plays football and volleyball too.

(Anh dy biet choi bong da va ca bong chuyen mra).

My teachers learned in Australia and also America,

or : My teachers learned in Australia and America too.

(Cdc thdy co giao cua toi da hoc d Uc va cung a

My mra).

My girl likes watching Chinese film and also Korean film,

or : My girl likes watching Chinese film and Korean

film too.

(Con gdi toi thich xem phim Trung Quoc va cung thick

xem phim Han Quoc mra).

5. Not only...but also : khong n h u n g ...m a con, khong

chi...m a con

Vi du:

He was not only tired but also hungry.

(Anh dy khong nhung doi ma con met nua).

10

He was not only a translator but also a tour guide.

(Anh dy khong nhicng la phien dich vien md con la

hudng dan vien du lich nica).

Her brother is hot only handsome but also friendly.

(Anh trai cua co dy khong nhicng dep trai ma con than

thien nua).

The doctor was not only good but also enthusiastic.

(Vi bac si nay khong nhicng gioi ma con nhiet tinh nua)

My tour was not only interesting but also impressed.

(Chuyen du lich cua toi khong chi thu vi ma con rat an

tuang nua)

She is not only pretty but also sings well.

(Co dy khong nhicng xinh dep ma con hat hay nica).

This car was not only cheap but also very fashionable.

r r

(Chiec xe nay khong nhicng re ma cdn rat thdi trang).

He works not only quickly but also effectively.

(Anh dy lam viec khong nhicng nhanh ma cdn rat

hieu qua).

She is not only smart but also hard.

(Co dy khong nhicng thong minh ma cdn chain chi).

My dress is not only nice but also attractive.

(Cai vdy cua toi khong nhicng dep md cdn quyen rii).

Chu y:

> t f

Co the dat not only a dau cau de nhan manh.

Dong tir sau do phai chia d dang dao.

Vi du:

Not only was he tired but he was also hungry.

(Anh ta khong nhicng met md cdn doi nica).

11

Not only men but also women were chosen.

(Khong nhimg dan ong ma dan ba cung diroc chon mra).

Not only did he spend all his money but he also

borrowed some from me.

(Khong nhung anh ta tieu het tien cua anh ta ma anh

ta cdn vay cua .toi nua).

Not only is the watch the oldest but also it is the most

expensive.

X ^ r r r

(Cai dong ho nay khong nhimg cu nhdt md cdn dat nhdt).

Not only does the sun give us light but it also gives

us heat.

(Mat trai khong nhung mang lai anh sang md cdn sudi

dm cho chung ta nua).

Not only did he refuse to take the medicine but also hit

the nurse.

(Anh ta khong nhiiiig tir choi iiong thuoc md cdn dam

coy ta nua).

*

6. Furtherm ore, besides, m oreover, w hat is more

(w hat's more): them nua, hon nua

Vi du:

The car was almost new; furthermore (besides,

moreover, what’s more) it was in excellent condition.

(Cai xe o to gan nhu moi; hon nua no cdn tdt I dm).

Besides doing the cooking I look after the garden.

(Ngodi viec nan nudug toi cdn trong nom khu

vucni nua).

12

She is very beautiful, moreover she,is intelligent.

f r r r

(Co dy rat xinh, hon nua co dy con rat thong minh).

Besides learning in the university she works in the

company.

(Ben canh viec hoc tap a truang co dy con lam viec a

cong ty)

13

B A I 2

NHOM BUT

Nhom but dien ta y nguoc hay doi lap nhau.

1. But: nhung

Vi du:

The coat was thin but warm.

r r

(Chiec do nay mong nhung dm).

Learning Korean is very difficult but interesting.

(Hoc tieng Han rat kho nhung thii vi).

The car is quite old but in excellent condition.

(Cai xe nay klid cu nhung van con tot).

1 want to go to the party, but I have to work.

(Toi muon di du dec nhung toi phdi 1dm viec).

We came in first but we didn't win the race.

(Chung toi den truac nhung khong thdng dupe cuoc

dua).

He is intelligent but lazy.

(Anh ta thong minh nhung luai).

This dress is cheap but very fashionable.

(Cai vay nay re nhung rat thai trang).

He is very rich but he is very mean.

(Anh ta gidu nhung rat keo kiet).

I will come but perhaps it will be late.

(Toi se den nhung co le se muon).

14

I am poor but I am honest.

(Toi ngheo nhimg toi that tha).

2. Still, yet: tuy nhien, tuy rang

> r # ^

No thirong dung triroc menh de phu, truoc tir noi nay

r t

thirong co dau phay (,).

Vi du:

You are not rich, still / yet you can do something to

help him.

(Ban khong giau lam tuy nhien ban van co the lam mot

cai gi do de giup da anh ta).

Doctors in this hospital are good, still / yet they are not

enthusiastic.

(Nhung bac si a benh vien nay gidi tuy nhien ho khong

duac nhiet tinh cho lam).

Boys in my class are naughty, still / yet they are very

intelligent.

(Con trai lop toi nghich ngam tuy nhien ho rat thong minh).

This car is too expensive, still / yet it is good.

t r

(Cai xe nay qua dcit tuy nhien no lai tot).

I le had a good salaiy, still / yet he was unhappy in his job.

(Anh ta co licong cao tuy nhien anh ta van khong hcii

long vai cong viec cua anh dy).

My foot was injured, still / yet I managed to go to school.

(Chan cua toi bi dau tuy vay toi van co gang di den

truang).

My parents don't like me go out with my friends on

this Sunday, still / yet I go out with them.

15

(Bo me toi khong thich toi di choi v&i ban toi vao chu

nhat tuan nay tuy nhien toi van di cung ho).

^ C huy 1:

Ta con thay still / yet blng cac lien tu nhir: however,

nevertheless, on the contrary, notw ithstanding th at (mac

dau).

Vi du:

The car is quite old, still / yet it is good condition.

however / nevertheless

(Cai xe nay khd cu tuy nhien no van con tot).

Ta con dung notwithstanding that: mac dau la

Vi du:

Notwithstanding that it was raining, we went to the

workshop.

(Mac dii troi dang mica, chung toi van di hoi thao).

Notwithstanding that she is beautiful, everybody don't

like her.

(Mac du co ay xinh, moi ngiroi deu khong thich co dy).

Notwithstanding that this exercise is difficult, it is very

interesting.

(Mac du bai tap nay khd, no rdt thu vi).

^ C huy 2:

Trong truong hop still, yet la trang tu (adverb)

Still (trang tir): van con

Vi du:

It is 10 o’clock and Tom is still in bed.

(Da micoi gid md Tom van con ngii).

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