Tiếp cận nội dung dạy học văn nghị luận xã hội ở trường phổ thông của bang California - Hoa Kì

TIER CAN NO! DUNG DAY HOC UAN NGHj LUAN KA HOI

6 TRirdNG PHO THONG CUA BANG CALIFORNIA - HOA Kl

Q ThS. NGUYEN TH[ THU THUY'

1. Nghi ludn xd h0l (NLXH) Id ih l vdn gdn vdi

ddi sd'ng thyc tiSn cuo ngi/dl hpc d ed phuong

dl|n d l tdl vd phuong thffc bilu dpt. N| i dung

bdi vilt phdl ndu rd dupe sy vl^ , hl^n tupng,

vd'n d l cdn bdn bpc, phdl phdn tfch sdu sdc ndl

dung vd ih l hl^n dupe quon dll m euo ngudi vllt

v l vdn d l dd. Y kiln, quan dll m h-ong bdi vdn

phdl h^ nhldn, chdn thyc, phu hpp vdi vdn sdng,

edeh suy nghT vd cd Knh cOo ngudi vllt. V I m^t

hinh ihuc, bdi vdn nghj ludn phdi cd b l eye mpch

Ipe, ed ludn dilm rd rdng, ludn cu xdc thye, Idp

lu|n phu hpp. Vllt bdl vdn NLXH, ngudi hpc dupe

h/ nhdn thue v l cudc sdng, xd hdl vd thdi dpi,

dupe rdn luydn lu hrdng, phdt trlln trf tu$ vd ndng

coo cdc ndng lye thyc t l cho bdn thdn.

Oi hllu Ihdm v l vide dgy hgc vdn NLXH d

trudng ph i thdng, chOng tdi dd Hm hllu ni l dung

day hpc ve mdt sd kilu bdl NLXH hong sdch gido

khoa (SGK) vd sdch gido vidn Ngff vdn phd thdng

cOo bong Collfomlo (Hoa Ki).

2. Cdc kilu bdi NLXH h^ong SGK Ngu vdn

cOa bang California

Sdch gido khoo Ngff vdn d [Literahjre - Grode

d) vd SGK Ngt? vdn 8 (literahjre - Grode 8) bong

Callkmia hinh bdy ni l dung dpy hpc 5 kilu bdl

ND(H: - Bdl nghj tudn ndu quan dllm (Opinion

Statement at a Ghnce); - Bdi nghj tudn nguydn

nhdn - kit qud (Cause -and-E^d Essay at a

Glance); - Bdl nghj tudn gldl quyl t vd'n d l

(Problan-Solution Essay at a Glance); - Bdi nghj

ludn so sdnh - dd'l chll u (Comparison-and￾ConhastEssayata Glance); - Bdi nghi ludn thuylt

phyc (Persuasive Essay at a Glance)

Ldp d, dpy hpc nghj ludn nguydn nhdn - kit

qud, nghi ludn so sdnh dl l chllu vd nghl ludn

ndu quon dllm . Ijdp 8, dpy hpc nghj ludn ndu

quan dilm, nghj ludn gldi quylt vd'n dl , nghj

ludn thuylt phyc vd nghj ludn nguydn nhdn kit

qud. Nhu vdy, hal kilu bdl nghj tudn ndu quon

dllm vd nghi ludn nguydn nhdn kit qud dupe

hpe Igl vdi muc d | ndng cao d tdp 8.

Tap chi filao dye s6 29 5 (ki i - lo/aoiai

Bdl hpe v l mi l kilu bdl cd cde phdn cy th i

nhu sou:

Mvc tliu bdi hgedmBl kilu bdl diu hudng

d i n nhl|m vy rdn luy|n kr ndng: hpc sinh (HS)

vilt dupe m|t bdl vdn khodng 500-700 h>; phdn

Kch dupe ddn •jf cuo bdl vdn; luy^n cdch vllt rd

rdng vd mpch Ipc bdng cdch sap xI p cdc f vd

ehuyin y hl|u qud; dpc vd sodt Ipi bdn vll l phdc

thdo d l cd m|t kit ludn vffng chdc; hinh bdy

hdi vdn.

Nhu v$y, ydu cdu cdn dgt cOa bdl hpc v l kilu

bdl Id HS sd vllt dupe mdt bdi vdn hodn chfnh

khodng 500-700 h>. Cde kr ndng Idm vdn nhu

phdn Kch ddn y, l|p ddn y, diSn dgt, hdnh vdn

dupe td chuc luydn tap Iryc Kip hong bdi hpc.

U thuyit ting quan dupe xem Id ndl dung co

bdn ed tfnh khdl qudt coo v l kilu bdl. Mdl kilu

bdl dupe minh hpo bdng m|t md hinh bd eye

sinh ddng, hd'p ddn vd mdt quy chud'n \xi\ vll l

ngdn gpn, dS hllu .

Mvc quy chudn cOa bdl vlit ghl rd; Mdl bdl

nghf ludn niu quan diem tit cin: - Ndu ro vd'n

de cdn gldl quylt vd quon dilm cuo bdn thdn

hong phdn md bdl; - Chffng minh quon dilm

cOo minh vdi ede sy ki^n, sd' li^u vd If Id; - Hudng

tdi ddi tupng ngudi dpc md bpn cdn thuyet phyc;

- Lap tudn rd rdng; - Kit ludn dffi khodt. Aid/ ibd/

nghl ludn nhdn qud tit cin: - Xdc djnh rd md'l

quon hd nhdn-qud md bdl d l cdp din ; - Cung

cd'p thdng tin ddy du; Ldm rd md'l quan h^ nhdn￾qud; - Sdp xI p cdc Hnh Kit hpp If, dCing cdc h>,

cym tff ehuyin ^ d l Idm rd nguydn nhdn-kll qud;

- Vdn phong phCi hop vdi dl i tupng ngudi dpc;

- Khdl qudt mdl quon h$ nhdn qud d dopn kit

bdl; - Mit bdl nghf ludn gldl quyit vdn di til

dn: - Ndu rd vdn d l cdn gldl quyl l vd quon

diem ei3a bdn thdn trong phon md bdl; - Hudng

h7l ddl tupng ngudi dpc md bpn cdn thuyll phyc;

- Chung minh quan dllm eOa minh vdi cde sy

* TnriiiK By bQC Hrpb9H - B9i Iw; TlKii Nmt i