the SketchUp Version 5Student Workbook phần 3 ppt

The Basics

53

Scale

Use Scale to resize or stretch selected faces, relative to

other geometry. You can also use Scale to mirror objects,

in effect, turning them inside-out.

1. Draw a multi-segmented polygon (not a circle) in the

red-green plane.

2. Activate Scale (Tools / Scale).

3. Select the polygon and press Enter. The circle is

surrounded by a bounding box, with eight drag

handles. The side handles (as opposed to corner

handles) are used to scale the geometry in one

direction. A tool tip appears on each handle, telling

you what kind of scaling it will do, and from what

point.

4. Hover over a side handle. Moving this handle will

scale relative to the opposite side handle.

5. Drag, or click-move-click, this side handle. By

default, moving a side handle causes non-uniform

scaling - which means the aspect ratios are not

maintained. This is a handy way to create an oval

from a circle.

6. Undo, and hover on one of the corner handles. Move

this handle to resize. By default, corner handles

cause uniform scaling in two directions - the circle

remains a circle.

7. Undo again. Using Shift toggles between uniform

and non-uniform scaling. Drag the same corner

handle, while keeping Shift pressed. This way you

can create an oval using a corner handle.

Similarly, if you use Shift on a side handle, the

scaling would be uniform.

8. Push/Pull this oval up. Select the top face and then

activate Scale. (Like the other tools, Windows users

can either select the objects and then activate Scale,

or select the objects from within Scale.)

Mac: Objects must be selected before Scale can be

activated.

9. Hover on one of the corner handles, and press

Ctrl/Option. Rather than scaling from the opposite

handle, you are now scaling relative to the center of

the face.

the SketchUp Workbook Version 5

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10. Drag the corner handle while keeping Ctrl/Option

pressed, to scale the face outward from the center.

This is how to give a form a draft angle.

NOTE: If you press Ctrl/Option and Shift together on this face,

you can scale non-uniformly about the center.

11. Drag back toward the center using Ctrl/Option. In the

VCB, the scaling snaps to whole values and half

values. Release the handle when the scale is 0.5.

12. Scaling in 3D works the same way as 2D. Select two

front faces and activate Scale. Now there are 26

handles - corners, sides, and bounding box faces.

13. Drag the handle at the center of the front of the

bounding box outward from the model. The entire

model scales with these faces. Try dragging different

handles to see how the entire model adjusts.

14. Undo to return to the model before you did any 3D

scaling. The reason the entire model was affected by

the scaling of any two faces is that the top and bottom

objects are single objects (scaled polygons). When

scaling, single objects keep their basic form.

15. To change this behavior, right-click on both the top

and bottom edges of this form and select Explode

Curves.

16. Now when you scale the same faces as before, only

these faces change, in addition to the faces

immediately adjacent to them.

17. Drag the top of the bounding box upward.

Note that scaling causes faces to fold automatically.

Fold lines are added to faces that were previously

planar.

The Basics

55

18. Scaling can also be used for mirroring, or turning

objects inside out. Start by using Move with

Ctrl/Option to make a copy of the entire form.

19. Activate Scale, select the copied form, and press

Enter. Start dragging the handle at the center of the

front of the bounding box.

20. Drag this handle toward its opposite handle, stopping

when the VCB reads -1.0. The form now faces the

other direction.

Scaling with the Axis Tool

By default, the Scale bounding box reflects the current

red-green-blue directions. But you might need to scale

objects according to a different set of axes.

1. Start with a form like this:

2. Select the top face of this small box and activate

Scale. You get a 3D bounding box, reflecting the

axes in which the original form was created.

3. To change the axes, you could use the Axes tool, but

in this case there is an easier way. While Scale is still

active, right-click on the sloped face and select Align

Axes.

4. Now the scale box is 2D, and aligned to the sloped

face.

5. If the axes are not displayed, turn them on by

selecting View / Axes. Red and green are aligned to

the face edges, and blue is normal to it.