Tế bào gốc: xu thế và định hướng ứng dụng

NGHIGN CL/U-TRRODO I

TE BAO GOC: XU THE VA DjNH HUdNG ONG DUNG

TS NGUYI N BIJfC THAI

TO cac Ihanh ttfu lo Ifln ve tg' bao g8'c (TBG), nhSng nam gan flay da hinh thanh mot

cong nghe mSi trong y hgc vfii rS't nhilu tiem nang iJng dung quan trong va gia trj kinh

te'ifln lao. Mac du dang co nhieu rao can va han che', song ldi td'c tilf cong nghe TBG

vin dddc dd doan la se sanh ngang vdl cac nganh dien tiif, internet, cong nghe phSn

mem, vdi doanh thu hang tram ty USD. Bai viet phan tfch sd phat trien cua cdng nghe

TBG, tiem nang va gidi han hien tai cua TBG, cung nhdng gdi y ve dng dgng, phat

trien cong nghe nay tai Viet Nam.

Tir khoa: te'bao gd'c.

6TEM CELL: TDEND

AND ODIESTATION OF

APPUCATION

5j?Tna-y

Advances in stem cell research

worldwide in the recent years

have established a paradigm

shift in medical research with

a-great potential of Important

applications as well as economic

values. Although there remain

various technical limitation

and restricted regulation, the

expected outcomes from stem

cell applications are huge and

comparable to other hi-tech

industries including electronics,

internet, softwares with the

revenue ot multibillion USDs.

This article analyses the market

potentials and recent progresses

of stem cell research as well

as its limitations; subsequently,

the author suggests strategic

plans for its development and

application in Vietnam.

Keyword: stem celL

TBG: Iru cot thiif 4 cua y te

Ta nhdng dng dung khiem tdn dung TBG mau ngoai vi, cudng

I rdn va tuy xadng trong nhieng nam 60-70 cija the ky trade, sd hinh

I thanh va phat tnen cua cong nghe sinh hoc gom te bao hoc, sinh hpc

phan ti^, di truyen hgc da thuc day cac nghien cdu TBG dat dapc cac

thanh tau ngoan muc. TBG phdi dau tien cua James Thompson da

dadc cdng bo nam 1998, va trade dd mpt nam, TBG ung tha da ddpc

nhan dien. Tiep theo la cac TBG trddng thanh dddc nghien cdu cho

j tri iieu benh tim mach, tieu dddng, than kinh (2000); TBG trung mo

l (mesenchymal stem cell - MSG) da dddc thi!f nghiem lam sang cho

I nhieu benh (2008); TBG cam bien IPS (induced pluripolent stem cell)

"; dddc kham pha nam 2006 va dogt giai Nobel nam 2012 vdi tiem nang

I trj lieu ca the va nhieu dng dung quan trong khac. Hang loat TBG mdi

I cung da ddpc phat hien td nhieu nguon vdi tiem nang trj cac benh

man tfnh hiem ngheo. Trong cdng nghe nudi cay tang phu, TBG da

•-• dddc dung tao thanh cdng qua tim ngadi trong dpng vat (heo); cong

I nghe in 3D cung dddc dung tao cac dong TBG thanh tang phi!i nhU

I gan, vong mac (2013). Cac kham pha mdi ve TBG dang diln bien lien

' tuc hang ngay va rat sinh ddng d nhieu ndi tren the gidi.

Nhdng tien bg neu tren va tiem nang dng dung tri lieu ldn lao cua

TBG da tao cho cong nghe nay mdt vi the rat dac thu trong he thong

y te ngay nay. Theo cac chuyen gia, trj lieu TBG trong tddng lai se 1^

phan thiet yeu cua nganh Te bao tri lieu cua nen y te the gidi. Theo

dd, TBG dang hinh thanh cong nghe tri lieu cot tru thd 4 va cung la cdt

try CUOI cung, vi cdng nghe TBG cd kha nang bd sung va hoan thidn

3 cong nghe y te nen tang dd la: hoa dapc, sinh dapc va thiet bj y tl.

Ve ky thuat, cdng nghe TBG siir dung te bao nen rat khac biet vdi 3

cdng nghe tren, ke ca cong nghe sinh dapc ma nen tang la sinh hpc

phan td. Muc tieu cua TBG di xa hpn cac tri lieu khac, phapng ph^p

TBG nham tn lieu tnet de td kha nang thay the cac te bdo ha hdng

38 TapcNKHOAHQf

CONG NGHE VIET NAM So 17 nam 2014