Phương pháp sử dụng ATLAT địa lý Việt Nam trong dạy học địa lí cho học sinh trung học.

NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG

A!

PHUONG PHAP S U DUNG ATLAT DIA LI VIET NAM

TRONG DAY HOC DIA LI CHO HQC SINH TRUNG HOC

Nguyin M^u Tu^t

TYuang DHSP- DHHui

tlat Dja li Vipt Nam Id (dan y) da cd. Chii y vj^tri cdc

tdi_ lipu, hpc ^tgp khdng dgi tupng dja li, dgc dilm cua

ddi higng dia li, cdc moi lien hp

tuang ho, nhdn qua, cdc quy lugt

Lthe thieu doi vdi hgc

sinh (HS) tning hpc, dac bipt

trong mdn Dia li Idp 8, 9 vd

12. Atlat Dja li Vipt Nam la

cdng cy de GV td chiic hoat

ddng nhgn thiic ciia HS mgt

cdch tich eye, chii dgng; Id

ngudn tri thiic can thiet ddi vdi

HS trong hgc tap tren Idp cung

nhu d nhd. Trong ki thi tdt

nghiep THPT va thi HSGQG,

Atlat Dia li Id tdi lipu dugc su

dung,trong lam bai thi.

De sii dung Atlat Dia li

Viet Nam, mpt each cd hieu

qua, cd the luu y mgt sd diem

cu the sau ve phuang phap, kT

thuat,...:

1. Cac ki thuat chu yeu su*

dung Atlat HS c4n phai dupe

hinh thanh va ren luy^n

Nhd thudc ki, udc hieu; KI

thuat tinh todn, do dac, so sdnh,

xac dinh vi tri dia li, xac dinh

cdc mdi lien he tuong hd, phan

tich cdc mdi lien he nhdn qua,

dgc tdng hgp (nhd cau tnic, dan

bai,....); KT thuat chdng xep bdn

do (tim dung td ban dd, xac dinh

pham vi lien hp, so sanh); KT

thugt sir dung lat cat dia hinh; KI

thuat su dyng bieu do; KT thuat

trinh bdy, giai thich, viet bao cao

ni cac kien thirc khai thdc d Atlat

(kl thugt trinh bdy vd gidi thich;

kl thuat viet bdo cao).

2. Quy trinh chung su dyng

Atlat

- Lap de cuong (dan bdi) kien

thiic can khai thdc.

^ - Khai thae ndi dung td ban

dd bang each sii dyng cdc kl

thuat lam vipp vdi,ki hieu, mau

sdc, ti le, lat cat, bieu dp,..., chpn

Igc kiln thiic theo de cuong

Ngay nhgn bat 20/7/2012; Ngay duy^t dang 25/7/2012

4 'TA P CHI THIET BI GIAO DUG - SO 84 - 8/2012

dja l

- Trinh bay thanh bdi lam (bdi

viet ty luan/ban bdo cdo).

3. Mpt so phuong phdp

khai thdc kien thuc Atlat dja If

\^pt Nam theo chii diem

a. Trinh bd^ va giai thich vj tri

dia li cua qudc gia, mien, vimg,

tinh, hung tam cdng nghipp/

thanh phd ldn,...va y nghia:

Vi hi todn hgc; Vi tri dja li ty

nhien; Vi tri dia li kinh te.

(Chii y: trinh bay vi tri dia

li, pham vi lanh thd, phan tich y

nghia cua vi tri dia li vd pham vi

lanh thd).

b. Trinh bdy va giai thich ve

dac diem chung cua ty nhien

Viet Nam

- Dia hinh nhieu ddi niii tdc

dgng den cdnh quan tu nhien va

sy phdt triln KT-XH.

- Dac diein ciia Bien Ddng vd

dnh hudng den thien nhien nude

ta.

- Thien nhien nhiet ddi dm

gid miia (khi hau nhipt ddi am

gid miia, dia hinh xam thyc - bdi

ty, thuy van ciia vimg nhipt ddi

am gid miia, dat feaht, hp sinh

thdi rimg nhipt ddi am gid miia).

- Thien nhien cd sy phan hoa

da dang theo yeu to va tfieo viing

(sy ph ^ hda dia hinh, khi hgu￾thuy van, thd nhudng - sinh vgt

- canh quan thien nhien).

c. Tiinh bay vd ,giai thich

mpt yeu td, thdnh phdn dia li tu

nhien, dan cu - xa hdi

- Dia chdt, khodng san.

- Dia hinh (trinh bay theo ki

udc hieu dia hinh cua ca nude,

cua mpt mien tu nhien; trinh bay

dja hinh theo Idt cat dja hinh.

Chii y phan tich mb\ quan he dia

chat - dja hhih, dac diem cdu tnic

vd cdc dgng dja hbh chii ylu).

- Khi hau (dgc dilm chimg

ciia khi hau ca nude, cdc miln ty

nhien, train khi hau dia phuong.

Chu y mdi quan he giiia khi

hgu vdi hudng sudn, dp cao dja

hinh, sy phan hoa da dang cua

khi hgu).

- Nhipt dp va lupmg mua.

- Sdng ngdi (dac diem chung,

cac mien thuy van, cac he thdng

sdng Idn, quan he vdi dia hinh

vd cdu diic dia chat, vdi khi hau).

- Dat (su phan hod da dang

ciia thd nhudng vdi cac he dat

dai. Chu y mdi quan he gjua ddt

dai vdi do cao dia hinh, nham

thgch, vdi khi hgu vd tham thuc

vdt).

- Thuc vat vd dpng vat (su

phdn hod da dang ciia sinh, vat,

cac logi dpng vgt va phdn bd).

- Ddn cu, ddn tdc (dac diem

va su phan bd dan cu, sy phan

bd cdc ddn tdc).

- Dd thi hod (cdc diem dan cu

thdnh phd, thi xa, dii trdn tinh li).

d. Trinh bay vd gidi tiiich ve

sy da dgng cua tdi nguyen, mpt

sd thien tai chu yeu

- Sy da dgng cua tai ngi^en

thien Tihien.,

- Mpt sd thien tai chii yeu

(bao, lu lyt, sgt Id dat da, dong

dAt,...). d. Trinh bay vd gidi thich ve

m^t miln ty lihien, so sanh cae

mien ty nhien

- Trinh bdy va gidi diich ve

mpt miln ty nhien, mot khu

ty nhien, mpt dai cao ty nhien

(vi tri dia li, dia chat, dia lunh,

khoang sdn, khi hau, thuy van,

dat dai, thuc vd dgng vat).