Phương pháp dạy - học sau đại học theo hệ thống tín chỉ

( So 3(56) - 2008 ^ VAN DE HOM NAY

D ac diem cia nguoi hoc

sau dai hoc

Day vi hgc d bac sau dai hoc

(SDH) khic vdi day va hgc d

bac dai hoc d ddi tugng hgc vi

ndi dung, phuong phip giang

day vi hgc. Ngudi hgc sau dai

hoc cd mdt sd die diem sau:

Thii nhat, Ddi tugng hoc la

ngudi da trudng thinh (adult

learner) thuoc moi tang Idp xa

hdi, khu vuc kinh te va ITnh

vuc chuyen mdn. Hon niia ddi

tugng d day da qua dai hgc

nen da biet nhung khai niem

vi phuong phap hoc vi nghien

ciiu mdt cich co bin.

Thii hai, Ngudi hgc vdn da

phong phu ve kinh nghiem,

kien thiic, kT ning vdi xac tin

ve gii trj vi dinh kien rieng.

Ho sin sang tham gia chia se

kien thirc, kinh nghiem trong

qua trinh nghien cim, hgc tap.

Thii ba, Ngudi hoe ed

dong CO hoc tap rd ring, manh

me, cd tinh doc lap cao, cd

cich hgc rieng phii hgp vdi

bin than.

Thii tu, Ngudi hoc tiep thu

nhanh nhirng dieu cd ich vdi

ban than, hgp vdi nhu cau,

kinh nghiem, nep nghT vi each

lim sin cd. Dae biet ngudi hgc

cd xu hudng uu tien cich hgc

theo kieu trii nghiem

(experiential learning), khd

chap nhan cich day va hgc

mot chieu, ip dat. .,J<: "

Tir nhirng die diem ciia

Ngudi hoc sau dai hgc ddi hdi

phuong phip day hgc cd sir

thay ddi tuong irng. Giing day

sau dai hgc can mirc khai quit

van dl d mirc cao hon, ngudi

day truyin dat kien thirc

PHUVNG PHAP DAY- HOC SAU Ml HOC • • a t

THEO HE THONG TIN CHI

chuyen sau vi mdi nhat trong

ITnh vuc eiia minh, hoe vien

tiep nhan kien thirc, nghien

ciiu sau, nim viing van de

(mastering), mdn hoe dat ra.

Do dd, phuong phip day sau

dai hoe mang tinh "hudng dan,

chi dao, dan dat" la chinh.

Phuang phip hoc mang tinh

nghien ciiu vi trien khai,

nghien ciin sau nam viing van

de theo chi dao ciia giing vien.

Qui trinh day vi hgc SDH

theo phuong phap dao tao

theo tin chi la ket qui cua qui

trinh ke hoach boa cao do

viec hgc tap, bit ngudn tir

chuong trinh day va hoe dija

tren nhiem vu (Task-based

curriculum) vi lay ngudi hoc

lim trung tam (Learner￾centred curriculum).

Thue hien phuong cham

"lay ngudi hoe lim trung

tam" vdi y nghia ngoai sir

tham du tich cue vio qui

trinh hoe, ngudi hoe vdi cic

dieu kien vi hinh thiie hgc

phong phu ed the khim phi,

phit huy cic tiem ning. sd

TS. Pham Van Lien

trudng, tai ning cua minh.

Ngudi hgc cung li mot ngudn

lieu hgc tap can dugc huy dong

vio qua trinh hoe. Ndi dung

kien thirc cua mdn hgc chi cd y

nghTa giao due khi ngudi hoc

dugc Idi cudn vio qui trinh

thio luan, trai nghiem, suy

ngam va iing dung kien thiic

vio giai quyet van de thuc tien

va trd thinh kinh nghiem ciia

ngudi hoc. Mot chu trinh trii

nghiem bat dau tir cic nguyen

li, y tudng tdi eie kinh nghiem

cu the, quan sit suy ngim, khii

niem boa trim tugng hoa vi dat

dugc kien thirc, y tudng mdi.

Vai tro cua Ngiroi day va

Nguoi hoc SDH

Xet theo vai trd ciia cic thinh

vien true tiep tham gia vio qui

trinh day-hoc ciia hinh thirc mdn

hgc mi "Ngudi day" (Teacher)

cd vai trd la Ngudi giing

(Lecturer) Ngudi huan luyen

(Trainer), Ngudi quin li

(Manager) Ngudi hudng dan

(Instructor), Ngudi giim sit

(Supervisor) Ngudi quan sit

(Observer), Ngudi dan dit

(Facilitator), Ngudi tham gia

(Participant), Ngudi tham khio

(Resource person).

"Ngudi hgc" cd the cd eie

vai trd eiia 'Ngudi dugc dio tao'

(Trainee), Ngudi tham gia

(Participant), Dien vien (Actor),

Thu ki (Secretary), Ngudi

Tap chi nghien curu Tdi chinh ke todn \6I