Hội chứng rối loạn stress sau sang chấn

^» H6i chiing roi loan

sau sang

Rd'i loan stress sau sang chd'n la mdt rdi loan

tdm ly, bieu hien bang cdc tridu chflng lo au

rd ret xay ra d nhflng ngfldi da tdng trai qua

hay chdng kidn mdt sU kidn gdy sang chan rat tram

trgng; mac du sU Icien dd da ke't thuc td ldu, cac trieu

chflng van tidp tuc keo dai sau dd.

Hdi chdng roi loan stress sau sang chan da dUpc

bidt den tfl sau the chie'n thfl nhat va the chidn thfl

hai, ngfldi ta nhdn thay nhflng binh si tham gia chien

tranh mac du da giai ngu va cd cugc sdng binh thudng

nhu mpi ngUdi, nhflng thdi gian sau dd cd nhung bieu

hien tam Iy bat thfldng. Tuy nhien, hgi chdng rdi loan

stress sau sang chan chi thUc sfl dupc chd y vd nghien

cdu ky sau khi cd mdt so lUpng ldn cifu chien binh My

tham chidn tai Viet Nam cd da'u hieu rd'i loan tam than

ma ldc dd gpi la H6i chdng sau Viet Nam, Nam 1980,

ten ggi rdi loan stress sau sang chan chinh thflc ra ddi.

Theo nghi§n cdu do Trung tam Idem soat va phdng ngda

dich benh Hoa Ky (CDC) thflc hi&n nam 1988, ti le mdc

benh trpn ddi eua nhdhg cifu chie'n binh nay la 14,7%.

O Vidt Nam, khao sat so bg ve rdi loan stress

sau sang cha'n trong cdng dong dan cU da tdng sd'ng

d nhdng vung xay ra chien tranh tai TP.HCM tnfdc

nam 1975 do Trung tdm Sdc khde Tdm than TP.HCM

(nay Id Benh vien Tam than TP.HCM) thifc hien ndm

2001 cho thd'y ty le mdc la 6%. Trong nghien cdu

dich te ve tan sud't cac loai benh tdm than d ddn so'

chung tai TP. HCM do Trung tam Sflc khoe Tam than

TP.HCM thuc hien ndm 1998 cho tha'y ty le mdc rdi

loan stress sau sang chan la 0,56% ddn sd'.

Cdu chidn binh thudng bi rdi loan stress sau sang chan, cd

y mudn tu sat vk Igm dung chat gay nghien

Hdi chdng nay xuait hien ngay cang nhieu trong

ddi sdng sau cac tai hga nhfl bi efldng hidp, tai nan

xe hay mdy bay, sdng than, ddng dat, khung bd...

Hdi chihig rdi loan stress sau sang chS'n gdm

cd 3 nhom tri^u chtfng cot ba n sau

J* Cdc trigu chiing ggfi nhd

Ngfldi bdnh thfldng nhd lai hodn canh sang chefn

mdt each ngodi y mud'n, ddi khi cd cam gidc nhfl sfl

kien dd hien dien ngay trong thflc tai, khi ngiJ ho

hay gap dc mdng. O nhflng ngfldi bi ndng, thgm chi

nghe tieng ndi trong dau, nghe tieng ai do goi tdn

minh md thflc td khdng cd (do thinh). Nhiiu ngfldi

thd'y cai bdng di qua hay cam tudng cd ai dflng sau

lung minh (ao thi). Ne'u la tre em thi thfldng choi

hoai nhflng trd choi cd ndi dung lidn quan ddn hodn

canh sang cha'n, Luc dd, cac trang thai rd'i loan cdm

xuc xud't hidn rd ldn trong bd'i canh lo au, hii hdp,

tim dap nhanh, tang rdi loan van ddng khidn bdnh

nhdn di lai, ddng ngdi khdng ySn, ma't ngu man tinh,

suy giam tri nhd, nang sua't Iam viec giam rd rdt...

^^> Cdc trigu chdng trdnh ne

Benh nhan ludn cd' tranh ne cdc y nghi, nhdng

hoat ddng, noi chd'n, hay nhflng cugc ndi chuydn

cd ndi dung cd the lam hg nhd lai hoan canh sang

cha'n. Sfl ed tinh trdnh ne nay cd the ldm hp khdng

cdn nhd noi nhdng diem quan trpng ve hoan cdnh

sang cha'n. Hg khdng cdn thich tham gia nhdng

boat ddng ma trflde kia hg dam me va cam thay

minh nhu "trP Ii" ra, khdng thd'y cdn tinh cam gi

vdi nhflng ngfldi chung quanh. Ngoai ra hg luon bl

quan vi .tUOng lai.

•»• Cdc trigu chiing tdng cdnh gidc hay nhgy

cdm qud mdc

NgUdi benh trd nen nhay cam hon vdi cdc kich

thich, de giat minh, khd di vao gid'c ngu vd dl mdt

ngu; ddi khi mdt cfl chi binh thudng cua ngfldi ddi

dien cung bi hieu lam Id ddi phflong ta'n cdng. Ngfldi

mac rdi loan stress sau sang chd'n cd the cd cdm gidc

tuyet vgng, mdc cam tdi ldi (hay xay ra trong mgt

bie'n co cd tinh tap thd - nhieu ngfldi hi chdt vd nhiing

ngfldi edn sdng cam thd'y mdc cam). Ngodi ra, nhiiu

ngfldi benh ed hanh vi Iam dung ruou, sd dung ma

tuy de trdn trdnh dau buon. Ho cung thfldng cd cdc

van di vi the ehd't nhfl dau dau, dau bung, nhflc moi

eo, chdng mdt vd dau ngfle, do v^y hay tim den b^nh

vien de khdm chda nhflng khdng tim thay nguydn

nhan thUc thi ndo.

THUOC & SLfC KHOE sd503 (1.7.2014)