Hiệu quả can thiệp cải thiện môi trường các hộ gia đình chăn nuôi lợn tại xã Thanh Ninh, Phú Bình, Thái Nguyên

KHOA HOC, C6N G NGHE - CHUYEN GIAO

HBEU QUA CA]\ THIEP CAI THSm MOI

TRlJdivG CAC HO GIA DIMI CHAN MJOI L0]\

taixa Thanli JWiiili - Phu BinJi - Thail%guyen

ThS. NGUYfeN THI QUYNH HOA, PGS. TS. D 6 HAM

Truang Dai hoc Y Duqc Thiii Nguyen

Tdm tat: Bang phuang phap nghien cihi can thiep cai thien moi trudng va tuyen truyen, hudng

dan cho nguai chan nuoi ve xCrly chat thai chan nuoi, ve sinh chudng trai trude sau can thiep, chiing toi

nghien eiiu tren 108 ho gia dinh ehan nuoi Ign tif 20 con tra len tai xa Thanh Ninh - Huyen Rhu Binh -

Thai Nguyen, thu dugc ket qua nhu sau:

Sau can thiep, ty le eac ho ehan nuoi sOr dung ham biogas, thue hanh xd ly chat thai chan nuoi,

thuc hanh ve sinh chuong trai cao han so vdi trude can thiep, su khae biet cd y nghia thong ke vdi p <

0,05. Chi so hieu qua vest!r dung ham biogas la 77,76%. Chi so hieu qua ve thi/c hanh dijng xi? ly chat

thai chan nudi la 134,65%. Chi so hieu qua ve thuc hanh dung ve sinh chudng trai la 156,48%.

Sau can thiep sd mau vi sinh vat vugt tieu ehuan chudng nudi thap han so vdi trude can thiep: so

mau vi sinh vat vugt tieu ehuan chudng nudi trude can thiep la 66,66%, sau can thiep la 40,00%. Sd vi

sinh vat giam so vdi trude can thiep la 1,51 • 2,65 lan.

Cac tae gia de nghi can tiep tuc duy tri bien phap can thiep va md rdng md hinh can thiep ra cong

ddng chan nudi Ign hd gia dinh.

Abstract: By the cohort methode to effective improving environment and traditional education pig

raising of livestock waste, hygienic cages. There were 108 pig raising households more than 20 pigs.

The results obtained:

After the intervention, household pig raising use biogas, practice livestock waste, practice hy￾gienic cages were higher before intevention, p < 0.05. Effective indicators of biogas were 77.76%.

Effective indicators ofrigh practice of livestock waste were 134.65%. Effective indicators ofrigh practice

of hygienic cages were 156.48%.

Aerobic microorganisms sample higher than the standard tone adopte were 66.66% in before the

intervention and 40.00% in the after intervention. The number of microorganisms were reduced 1.51 -

2.65 times compare with before the intervention.

The authors suggest to continue to maitain intervention methode and extend the model interven￾tion community pig breeding households.

I. DAT VAN DE t)gP,|.^ jj(,|.^ I^y ^^ gjg 5Q(,^ gja (.gpp J^^^J Qijpr, gja cam, nhi§m

BVMT va phat triln ben vufng la van de sdng con cija truing, nhiem dpc, lpn tai xanh dang trd thanh mdi lo ngai

dat nudc, cua nhan loai. Muc tieu BVMT la nhim ngan cua nhieu nudc tren the gidi, trong dd co Viet Nam. Theo

ngUa ONMT phuc hdi va cai thien m6i trudng d nhUng noi, nghien ciru c(!ia nhieu tac gia nudc ngoai cho thay sire

nhufng vimg da bj suy thoai, co nguy co suy thoai, bao ve khde cua ngudi chan nuoi bj anh hudng do 6 nhiim ICr m6i

da dang sinh hpc, nang cap chat lupng m6i trudng d cac trudng chan nuai nhu tiep xuic vdi cac chat thai cuia gia siic

khu cpng nghiep, cac d6 thj va neng th6n, gop phin phat ma khong dupe xuf ly triet de. Odng thdi cd nhidu b^nh djch

triln KT-XH ben virng, nang cao chat lupng cupc sdng cua lay tir Ipn sang ngudi da gay anh hudng khdng nhd din

nhan dan. ONMT kh6ng chi dien ra tai khu vuc thanh thj sure khde cua ngudi chan nuoi va cpng ddng [8]. Do vay

ma ngay ca cac viing nong thon cung bj 6 nhiem nghiem viec cai thien moi trudng chan nuoi ddi vdi cac hfl gia dinh

trpng do ngudi nong dan sur dung cac loai hoa chat trir chan nuoi lpn la mpt viec lam can thiet. Vi vay, chung tOi

sau, chan nuoi gia sue, gia cam [9]. Hien nay ty le cac nghien curu de tai nay nham muc tieu "Danh gia hieu qua

18 BAO HO LAO DONG 1 2010