Về sự can thiệp của hồng y spellman trong thời kỳ chiến tranh việt nam

24 Nghien curu Ion giao. So 0 - zuus

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VE s a CAN THIEP CUA HONG Y SPELLMAN • •

TRONG THOI KI CHIEN TRANH VIET NAM

(i

N am 1975, dat nfldc dUde thd'ng nhat

sau hdn 20 nam chien tranh khdc

het. Tfl thap nien cud'i the ki XX, Viet

Nam ludn dat tdc do phat trien kinh te

cao, ddi sdng nhan dan dUde cai thien,

qua trinh hdi nhap qud'c te dien ra ngay

cang sau rong. Trong hoan cinh dd, Nha

nude Viet Nam dang phai dd'i mat vdi

nhieu van de nhfl hau qua chien tranh,

nan tham nhflng, thiic hien chinh sach

dam bao quyen tii do dan chii, tii do tdn

giao,v.v... Day la li do khien mot so'ngUdi

Viet Nam trong nUdc va ngoai nUdc kich

dong cdng dong qud'c te, cd xuy cho sii can

thiep ciia nUdc ngoai vao nhflng van de

ciia nUdc minh. Bai viet nay phan tich sii

can thiep ciia Hong y Spellman trong thdi

ki chien tranh Viet Nam, qua dd nhan

manh mot thiic te rang: Bdi cinh qud'c te

la vd cflng quan trong, nhflng rdt cuoc chi

cd ngudi Viet Nam mdi cd the giai quyet

nhflng van de ndi bo ciia nUdc minh.

I. HONG Y SPELLMAN VA CHU

NGHIA CONG SAN . ,

TrUdng hdp Hong y Spellman phai dat

trong md'i quan he gifla Giao hdi Cdng

giao va chu nghia cdng sin gifla the ki

XX trong bd'i cinh qud'c te thdi ki chien

tranh lanh gifla PhUdng Tay tU ban chii

nghia va khdi cdng sin. Trong mot sd'

cdng trinh trUde day, chung tdi da phan

tich lich sU cua md'i quan he gifla Giao

hoi Cdng giao va chu nghia cong sin d

Chau Au, nhflng cd sd va ban che lich sii

NGUYEN QUANG HLTNG*

ciia quan niem mac xit ve tdn giao'". Xet

ve phfldng dien nghien cflu, ban than cac

nha kinh dien la nhflng nha chinh tri va

each mang. khdng phai la nhflng nha

triet hoc tdn giao nhfl I. Kant, G.W.F.

Heghen. cflng khdng phai la nhflng

chuyen gia nghien cflu ve xa hdi hoc tdn

giao nhfl E. Durkheim, M. Weber, Day la

diem can Iflu y khi danh gia hoc thuyet

mac xit ve tdn giao. Diu the nao. thiic te

la tfl gifla the ki XIX, Giao hdi Cdng giao

khdng man ma vdi phong trao cdng nhan

cac nude Chau Au. Tda Thanh phin

khang hoe thuyet mac xit d hai diem

chinh: Thfl nhat, trong khi Giao hdi Cdng

*. PGS.TS., Khoa Triei hgc, Truang Dai hgc Khoa

hgc Xa hdi va Nhan van, Dai hgc Qudc gia Ha Noi.

1. Nam 1843, trong tac phaim Phe phdn triet hoc phdp

quyen ciia Heghen. Led ndi ddu. C. Mac khang dinh:

'Tdn giao la thudc phien ciia nhan dan". Nam 1848, C.

Mac va Ph. Angghen md dau Tuyen ngdn ciia Ddng

cong sdn nhu sau: "Mdt bdng ma dang am anh Chau

Au: bdng ma chu nghia cdng san. Tai ca cac the luc ciia

Chau Au cu dang tim each trir khir bdng ma dd. Giao

hoang va Nga hoang (...), ddu da lien hgp lai thanh

mdt lien minh than thanh de trir khir bdng ma dd." C.

Mac va Ph. Angghen. Tuyen ngdn ciia Ddng cong sdn,

trong: C. Mdc vd Ph. Angghen. Todn tap. Tap 4, tr.

595. Nhu vay. nhirng ngudi sang lap chu nghia cdng

san liet Giao hoang va Giao hgi Cdng giao the gidi

vao "danh sach cac the luc Chau Au cu" ddi lap vdi

phong trao cdng san. Xem: Nguy6n Quang Hung. Vdi

suy nghi ve quan mem ciia C. Mdc vd Ph. Angghen ve

ton gido. Tap chi Nghien cii:u Tdn giao, sd 5/2005, tr.

3-10 : Nguygn Quang Hung, Nguydn Thi Bach Yen.

Quan he triet hoc - tdn gido: tif Tdx Au cdn dai tdi

Viet Nam hien nax. Tap chi Nghien cti'u Tdn giao, sd

5/2006, tr. 21-31."