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T n c c r r n T Read ng K I <0 TOEFL* iBT ACTIVATOR is a four-level test

j; : j: ■ prep series designed to develop reading, listening,

■ speaking, writing and grammar skills for students

™ H i who want to improve their score on the TOEFL® iBT.

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Introduction

TOEFL’ iBT ACTIVATOR is a four-level test prep series, designed to develop

reading, listening, speaking, writing and grammar skills for students who want to

improve their score on the TOEFL iBT. The series offers a wide range of English

proficiency skills for beginners to advanced learners.

TOEFL iBT ACTIVATOR provides essential and accurate strategies for all types of

TOEFL questions in the reading, listening, speaking and writing sections. It also

offers step-by-step exercises to help test takers respond easily.

TOEFL’ iBT ACTIVATOR uses vocabulary, expressions and sentence structures

appropriate for each level. The relative difficulties, passage lengths, and contents are

subdivided into levels from the beginning to the expert.

TOEFL" iBT ACTIVATOR is an effective language educational resource to prepare for

TOEFL iBT. It provid <s various exercises, including progress and actual tests,

vocabulary check-ups and other important learning tools.

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About TOEFL iBT TEST

The new TOEFL iBT(lnternet-based test) consists of four sections: reading, listening,

speaking and w riting.

• The new test form at includes a speaking section and the w riting section has been expanded.

• The test is about four hours long.

• Note-taking is allowed for all sections.

• The score will be reported online.

• Tests will be given in testing centers around the world.

The Form at of TOEFL' ¡BT

Section

Point

Reading Listening Speaking W ritin g

Questions 3-5 passages 4 -6 lectures 2 independent 1 integrated

(Numbers) • 12-14 questions • 6 questions questions question

• 700 words • 500-800 words (read/listen/write)

(per passage) (4-6 min. per

lecture)

2 -3 conversations 4 integrated 1 independent

• 5 questions questions question

• 400-500 words (read /listen /speak

(2-3 min. listen/speak)

per conversation)

Time

(Minutes)

60-100 60-90 20 50

Score

(Points)

0-30 0-30 0-30 0-30

Tips • allows note-taking • allows note-taking • allows note-taking • allows note-taking

• provides pictures • pronunciation • speak into a • only typing is

in some passages (Multi-English) microphone allowed

* passages • lectures connected to a • passages/lectures

(academic topics) (academic topics) headset (academic topics)

• conversations • preference/ choice • preference

(campus life) (general topics)

• passages/lectures

/conversations

(academic topics/

campus situation

topics)

agree/disagree

(general topics)

► Break Time: 10-minute break after the listening section

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Tips for TOEFL iBT Reading Section

Question Types

There are ten question types in the Reading section. (60-100 min.)

1 What is the main idea of the passage? (Main Idea)

2 The word in paragraph ____ is closest in meaning to... (Vocabulary)

3 The word in the passage refers to... (Reference)

4 According to paragraph____ , ...(Fact)

All of the following are true EXCEPT (that)... (Negative Fact)

5 Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted

sentence in the passage? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important

ways or leave out essential information. (Sentence Simplification)

6 Why does the author mention in paragraph ____ ? (Rhetorical Purpose)

7 What can be inferred about -? (Inference)

8 Look at the four squares [■) that indicate where the following sentence could be added

to the passage.

Where would the sentence best fit? (Insertion)

9 Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided

below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express

the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary

because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas

in the passage. (Summary)

10 Directions: Select the appropriate phrases or sentences from the answer choices and

match them to the category to which they relate. TWO of the answer choices will NOT

be used. (Category Chart)

Category 1

►

►

►

►

Answer Choices

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T ip s

• Read various subjects frequently and increase your background knowledge.

• Improve vocabulary and practice to figure out the meaning of vocabulary in context.

• Build up the ability of skimming and scanning to get main ideas and points.

• Practice note-taking.

• Drill paraphrasing and summarizing skills to understand the organization of the passage.

• Get some computer practice and become familiar w ith the form at and directions.

Test Organization and Tim e Schedule

Task(Question) I Task D escription

Main Idea choose the main

sentence

Vocabulary perceive the meaning of a

word or phrase in context

Reference find out what a pronoun

or other reference refers to

Fact and

Negative Fact

select facts or negative

facts from the passage

Sentence

Simplification

choose the best restates

and summarizes the

information

Rhetorical

Purpose

recognize the author’s

methods, attitude and

purpose

Inference draw conclusions based

on information in the

passage

Insertion put a given sentence

into correct place in the

passage

Summary choose three answer

choices out of six ones

to create a summary of

the passage

Category Chart classify the given

Materials

(Number of Questions)

3-5 passages

12~14 questions

700 words (per passage)

proper category in chart

6 0 - 1 0 0 m i n .

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Special Features & Organization of the book

TOEFL* ¡BT ACTIVATOR Reading Expert provides:

• Formats and questions similar to those of the actual TOEFL* iBT test

• Examples of question types to acquaint w ith the real TOEFL" iBT question types

• Repetition vocabulary reviews and quizzes to improve word power

• Numerous supplementary questions to reinforce problem-solving skills

• Thematic units to develop academic skills in English while building test-taking confidence

• A CD-ROM included to expose students to actual TOEFL* iBT testing conditions

O Diagnostic Test

Diagnostic Test is placed at the beginning of the book and provides the actual test-like

passages and questions.

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► Diagnostic Test helps students examine how well they understand

and are familiar with the TOEFL* iBT test format and its questions

before they begin. The Progress Chart will assist students in

evaluating their scores.

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W PART I -Q u estio n Types

Each chapter of Question Types helps students get used to each pattern of question

by explaining a certain type o f question and providing follow-up exercises.

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► An overview of each chapter presents the introduction of each

question type and a short passage as an example.

Exercise

Exercise 1 and 2 offer mid-length passages and questions to help students drill and improve

their ability to solve each question type.

► Exercise includes Note-taking section for students to realize the

importance of taking notes and to develop note-taking skills.

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V G C t i b u i u • y

Vocabulary offers the list of words that have already been presented on previous passages

for reviewing.

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► Vocabulary provides vocabulary activities to help students

memorize as many words as possible.

O PART II_ T h e m e -b a sed Practices

Theme-based Practices offer various passages which each include frequently-presented

themes so that students develop an ability to understand passages and solve questions.

► Each chapter of Theme-based Practices includes all kinds of

question types that are introduced in Question Types. It also has

Vocabulary to help students memorize essential words from each

passage.

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o A c tu a l Test

Actual Tests arc provided at the end o f the book. They give the actual format of the

TOEFL" iBT test.

► Actual Tests are recommended to be done students on their own.

Use them as a final check-up.

o CD-ROM

A CD-ROM is offered so that students can take simulated TOEFL® iBT tests.

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► The CD-ROM follows the official format of the TOEFL" iBT test and

helps students recognize how well they are prepared for the

TOEFL* iBT test.

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TOEFL* iBT

ACTIVATOR

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CONTENTS

Diagnostic Test I 12

PART I | Question Types

TYPE 01 Fact and Negative Fact 40

TYPE 02 Vocabulary and Reference 48

TYPE 03 Rhetorical Purpose and Inference 56

TYPE 04 Sentence Sim plification and Insertion 64

TYPE 05 Category Chart and Sum m ary 72

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PART [I Theme-based Practices

CULTURAL SCIENCE

PRACTICE 01 Dance, Literature and Archaeology 84

PRACTICE 02 Music, History and Economics 104

NATURAL SCIENCE

PRACTICE 03 Earth Science, Botany and Zoology 124

PRACTICE 04 Physics, Biology and Chem istry 144

Actual Test 1 I 164

Actual Test 2 190

Appendix ________ _____________

A nsw er Key 217

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TOEFL iBT ACTIVATOR READING

DIAGNOSTIC TEST

Reading Section Directions

This section measures your ability to understand academic reading passages. Each passage

is about 600 words in length.

The Reading section is divided into two separately timed parts.

Most questions are worth 1 point, but the last question in each passage is worth more than

1 point. Special directions for the last question will inform you how many points it is worth.

Some passages may include a word or phrase that is underlined in color. Click on the word

or phrase to see a glossary definition or an explanation.

With each part, you can go to the next question by clicking NEXT. You may skip questions

and go back to them later. If you want to return to previous questions, click BACK. You can

click on REVIEW at any time and the review screen will show you which questions you have

answered and which you have not answered. From this review screen, you may go directly

to any question you have already seen in the Reading section.

During this practice test, you may click the PAUSE icon at any time. This will stop the test

until you decide to continue. A clock on the page will show you how much time you have

to complete the Reading section.

You may now begin the Reading section. In this part, you will read 1 passage.

You will have 20 minutes to read the passage and answer the questions.

Click on CONTINUE to go on.

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TOEFL Reading

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Light Pollution

Light pollution is an excessive, wasteful and obtrusive light resulting from human activities.

It is mostly seen in densely-populated cities and industrialized areas. The pollution includes

the light used in factories and office buildings, com m ercial properties, streetlights,

illuminated sporting venues and infrastructure. As beneficial as the invention of light and the

development of industrialization have been to humankind, their secondary effect, light

pollution, is adverse in multiple ways.

The two main types of light pollution recognized by environm entalists are light that

intrudes on a natural setting and the use of a disproportionate amount of light indoors. Light

pollution may also be defined according to very specific categories into light trespass, glare

and clutter. Light trespass happens when unwanted light enters someone’s property. For

example, a neighbor turns on a bright light in his yard and this light enters a neighboring

bedroom window, causing sleep deprivation or obstructing an evening view. Glare is the

extreme contrast between light and dark areas such that the human eye has difficulty in

adjusting. Glare is not merely annoying, but bright lights on dark roads can obscure night

vision for motorists temporarily, with accidents sometimes being the result. Clutter is the

presence of numerous groups of lights. It may produce confusion and distract viewers.

Badly designed street lights and neon advertising signs come under this category.

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