Tiêu thụ trong nước

Kinh 16 - Ka hdi

TIEU THU TRONG NU6C

"Cull eanh' tang trirdng

Mpt trong nhung yeu to co torn quan trpng hdng dau,

giup cho nhung nen l<inh te co djnh hudng xudt i<hdu

nhu nudc ta, tudng nhu bj tdc ddng mqnh nhdt cija

cupc khung hodng tdi chinh vd suy thodi kinh te the

gidi, dd thodt nhanh, thodt sdm khdi cupc khung

hodng Id do tieu thu trong nudc. Tieu thu trong nudc

dd bu ddp cho su sut gidm cua xudt khdu vd dd trd

thdnh "cuu cdnh" cua tdng trudng kinh te,

^ PHUONG NGOC MINH

Tha'y gi tir tieu thu trong nude

ciia nam 2009 nay?

Mot, quy mo tdng miic ban le

hang boa va doanb thu dicb vu tieu

diing (goi tat la TMBL) dat kha: dat

gdn 1.198 nghin ty dong. Binh quan

dau ngucri dat 13,8 trieu dong/nam

bay 1,15 trieu dong/thang. Neu quy

ddi rd USD theo ty gia boi doai,

tdng muc ban le hang boa va doanb

tbu dicb vu tieu diing ciia Viet Nam

dat Uen 66 ty USD (neu tinh tbeo ty

gia .siic mua tuong duong dat tren

200 ty USD) tbi do la thi trudng day

uac mudn cua nbieu tbuong nhan

nu6c ngoai. Nbung ne'u tinh binh

quan ddu ngucfi thi tbuong mai ban

le ciia Viet Nam mdi dat kboang

862 USD/nam, "cbua tham vao

dau" so vdi nhieu nu6c, nbat la

nbung nudc phat trien. Tuy nhien,

neu so vdi miic thu nbap con thap,

tap quan tieu dung tin tien cua phan

dong dan cbiing, nhat la dan sd

ndng tbon cdn chiem tdi 70% dan

sd ca nudc, dac biet la sd ngudi

ngheo cdn ddng (chiem tren 11%

theo tieu chuSn Viet Nam, chiem

tren 20% tbeo tieu chuan ciia Ngan

bang The gidi va Tdng cue Thd'ng

ke), neu so vdi each day may nam

va ddi vdi nhirng ngudi cd thu nhap

thap, tbi con sd binh quan nbu vay

khdng khdi liun cho nbifiu ngUcri

ngo ngang. Con sd binb quan chung

dat cao, do mot bd pban diin cu cd

thu nbap cao (gap 8- 9 Ian bid phan

cd tbu nbap thap) da tang cbi tieu

cho ddi sdng. Dieu dd ly giai tai sao

lucfng dtd nbap kbaiu nguyen chie'c

nam nay len den gan 77 nghin

chie'c, tang gan 50%i so vdi nam

trudc, cdng vdi luong dtd san xuat

trong nudc len den hang tram nghin

chie'c, du vdi mirc tbue cdn kha cao

nhu vay, nhung nhieu ngudi vdn

pbai xep gia'y chd vdn cbua mua

duoc xe? Dieu dd ciing ly gitii tai

sao, rieng bai thi trudng thanb phd

Ho Chi Minh va Ha Noi du chi

chiem 15,8% dan sd, nhung TMBL

da chiem khoang 36% TMBL ciia ca

nudc (tuy cd nguyen nhan la hai dia

ban nay cd nhieu kbacb vang lai).

Hai, tdc do tang TMBL nam

nay len de'n 18,6%; neu loai trir yeu

td tang gia tieu diing binb quan

nam (6,88%), tbi TMBL cung tang

xap XI 11%. Dd la tdc do tang rat

cao so vdi nam trudc (gap 1,7 lan

tdc dp tang 6,5% ciia nam trudc).

Tdc do tang nay cd xu budng cao

ISn qua cac tbang (tbang 1 tang

4%, 2 tbang tang 5%, 3 thang tang

6,6%, 4 thang tang 7,4%, 5 tbang

lang 8,6%, 6 tbang tang 8,8%, 7

tbang tang 8,3%, 8 tbang tang

9,3%, 10 tbang tang 10,1%, 11

tbang tang 10,8%). Dd cung la tdc

do tang cao gap bon bai Idn tdc do

tang GDP (5,32%). Tdc do tang

tieu tbu trong nudc la ciru canb, la

ddng lire ciia tang trudng kinb te.

Ba, TMBL tang do hai yeu to:

Tdng mirc tieu diing tang va ty le

tieu diing tbdng qua viec mua ban

tren thi trudng tang. Ty le nay da

tang nbanb trong tbdi gian qua

(nam 1995 mdi cd 64,7%, nam

2000 dat 68,5%, nam 2005 dat

82,1%, nam 2008 da dat 90,2% va

nam 2009 cdn cao ban).. Dieu dd

da the hien, tir kbi cbuyen ddi co

che, tinb san xuat hang boa, linh

thi trudng ciia nin kinb te ndi

chung va ciia lieu diing ndi rieng

lang cao. Ti'nh lu cap lu tuc giam

di nbanb. Day la sir cbuyd'n ddng

ti'ch cue dang khich 16.

s6 3(2fi.M-KV VI,2010 Thue Nha Nudc 25