Thông tin phản hồi về kết quả học tập của người học - Yếu tố thúc đẩy quá trình dạy học đạt hiệu quả cao

THONG 1 PHAN Hfll V! KET QUA HOC TAP CUA NGUill HOC -

VEU TO THUG OAV QUA TRINH DAV HOG OAT HIEU QUA CAQ

O ThS. PHAM DINH VAN '

"•"^d n hdi vd'n Id khdi niem cua Dieu khien

m;^hgc, ch? su tde ddng cuo kit qud ddu ro ddi

M. vdi ddu vdo cuo he thdng d l dieu khien dgt

duge kit qud mong mud'n. Thdng tin phdn hdi

(TTPH) Id thdng tin ve kit qud cua mdt qud trinh

tdc ddng vdo mdt ddi tugng trong mdi quan he

dnh hudng trd Igi ddi vdi ylu td ddu vdo cua

qud trinh, nd vua td sdn phdm cuo he thd'ng dilu

khiln duge vua td dilu kien d l phdt triln cuo

mdt he thdng. Trong qud trinh dgy hgc, TTPH duge

hieu Id nhung thdng tin thu nhdn tu ngudi hgc cd

tde ddng trd Igi ddi vdi cd chinh ngudi hgc vd

ngudi dgy giup cho qud trinh dgy hgc ngdy cdng

hieu qud hon.

1. Vol trd cua TTPH ve ket qud hgc tgp cua

ngudi hgc

1) Ddi vdi ngudi dgy: - Giup ngudi dgy ddnh

gid dung frinh do ndng lyc cua ngudi hgc: Viec

thu nhdn TTPH ve kit qud hgc tdp cuo ngudi hgc

mdt edeh thudng xuyen. Id co sd d l ngudi dgy

ddnh gid sy tiep thu kien thue, kT ndng cuo ngudi

hgc. Mdt khde, trong qud trinh dgy hgc do dde

diem nhdn thue cuo mdi ddi tugng Id khdng

gid'ng nhou, vi vdy md kiln thuc hg thu dugc

cung khde nhou. Nhu vdy, thdng quo TTPH,

khdng eh? giup ngudi dgy ddnh gid dugc trinh

do chung cuo Idp md cdn phdn logi duge ngudi

hgc de tu dd cd bien phdp hgp ti ddi vdi cdc

nhdm hgc sinh khde nhau; - Giup ngudi dgy

dieu chinh, bd sung ndi dung dgy hgc hgp If:

Tu viec ddnh gid duge ndng lyc cuo ngudl hgc,

ngudi dgy se xdc djnh duge nhCrng gi hgc trd

dd ndm chdc vd cdc kiln thuc cdc em tilp thu

dong edn thieu, hodc chua dgt chudn. De giup

cho ngudi hgc hodn thien kiln thuc ddy du vd

he thd'ng dgt chudn theo yeu cdu cua tung cdp,

Idp hgc, ngudi dgy edn phdi bd sung, dieu chinh

ndi dung dgy hgc cho hgp li, xudt phdt tu thyc

t l thdng tin phdn hdi cua ngudi hgc; - Giup

ngudi dgy lya chgn vd dieu chinh PPDH hieu

Tap chi Giao due s6 24 9 (ki i . n/aoio)

qua han: Kit qud hgc tdp cuo ngudi hgc khdng

ch? phy thudc vdo yeu to chu quan tu bdn thdn

hg md cdn ehju dnh hudng hdi cdch dgy cuo

ngudi dgy. Vi vdy, tu sy phdn dnh v l kit qud

hgc tdp cuo ngudi hoc, ngudi dgy edn ddt ro

cdu hdi «Lieu kit qud dd cd phdi hodn todn do

ndng tuc cuo ngudi hgc hoy Id do PP dgy cuo

minh chuo td't?". Khi ngudi dgy xdc djnh mgch

Ige duge edu ty vd'n tren, ty khde hg se ed su lyo

chgn vd dieu chinh PP dgy cua minh mdt cdch

hieu qud han.

2) Ddi vdi ngudi hgc: - Ld ddng lyc thuc ddy

ngudi hgc ty hodn fhien he fhdng kien thuc vd ki

ndng cdn thief cho bdn thdn. Dya vdo thdng tin

ve kit qud hgc tdp cuo ngudi hgc, GV duo ro

nhiJng nhdn xet, ddnh gid, ch? ro chd cdn thilu,

cdn ylu eua ngudi hgc. Ddng thdi bdn thdn ngudl

hgc cung ty ddnh gid dugc muc do tiep thu

kiln thuc eua minh. Mdt khi biet duge dil u dd,

hg se cdm thd'y «ld hdng kien thuc" cdn dugc bu

ddp vd se tim mgi cdch de hodn thien kiln thuc

cho minh, bdng nhilu cdch khde nhou nhu hdi

bgn be, thdy ed, tieh eye tu hgc, ty nghien cuu.

Mdt khde, qua TTPH ve kit qud hgc tdp cuo ngudi

hgc, ngudi dgy cd the ehinh li, tdng hgp, xdu

ehudi cdc kiln thuc phdn tdn d ngudi hgc, tgo

thdnh mdt he thdng hodn chinh, giup ngudi hgc

ndm kien thuc mdt edeh he thdng, viJng chdc;

- Giup ngudi hgc lya chgn vd dieu chinh PP hgc

tap hieu qud han: Quo sy phdn dnh ve thdng tin

kit qud hgc tdp cuo minh, ngudi hgc cd th i ty

ddnh gid v l PP hgc cuo minh dd hieu qud chuo?

Tu dd, hg ed th i phdt triln, thay ddi, dilu chinh

PP hgc soo cho phu hgp giup qud trinh hgc tdp

dgt hieu qud coo hon; - Cung cd'Idng ty tin vd y

chf tie'n thu cua ngudi hgc: Qua TTPH giup ngudi

hgc ty ddnh gid dugc trinh do cua minh vd

n l u kiln thue cuo hg cdn cd nhung «ld hdng"

* Tnriing Dai hpc Dong Thap