Tài liệu Adobe Photoshop CS3 A-Z: Tools and features illustrated ready reference- P4 pptx

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146 Photoshop CS3 A–Z

Lightness changes

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Saturation changes

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Hue changes

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Hue/Saturation

adjustment layer

Menu: Layer > New Adjustment Layer > Hue/Saturation

Shortcut: – See also: Hue/Saturation

Version: 6.0, 7.0, CS, CS2, CS3

The Hue/Saturation adjustment layer

provides the same functionality as the

Adjust Hue/Saturation feature.

Manipulating the picture with an

adjustment layer rather than directly means

that the original picture is always kept intact

and you can always change the settings of

the adjustment later by double-clicking on

the left-hand layer thumbnail.

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ICC profi les Menu: –

Shortcut: – See also: Color Settings

Version: 6.0, 7.0, CS, CS2, CS3

Essentially color management is concerned

with describing the characteristics of each

device in the editing chain. This includes

cameras, scanners, screens, editing software

and printers.

This description, often called an ICC profi le,

is then used to translate image detail and

color from one device to another.

Pictures are tagged, when they are fi rst

created (via camera or scanner), with

a profi le and when downloaded to a

computer, which has a profi led screen

attached, the image is translated to suit

the characteristics of the monitor.

With the corrections complete the tagged

fi le is then sent to the printer, where the

picture is translated again to suit the

printer’s profi le.

Through the use of a color-managed ICC

profi le-based system we can maintain

predictable color throughout the editing

process and from machine to machine.

HUE/SATURATION ADJUSTMENT LAYER

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147

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Image Interpolation

Menu: –

Shortcut: – See also: Image Size

command, Bicubic

interpolation

Version: 6.0, 7.0, CS, CS2, CS3

A fi le with the same pixel dimensions can

have several different document sizes

based on altering the spread of the pixels

when the picture is printed (or displayed

on screen). In this way you can adjust a

high resolution fi le to print the size of a

postage stamp, postcard or a poster by

only changing the dpi or resolution. This

type of resizing has no detrimental quality

effects on your pictures as the original pixel

dimensions remain unchanged.

This said, in some circumstances it is

necessary to increase or decrease the

number of pixels in an image. Both these

actions will produce results that have less

quality than if the pictures were scanned

or photographed at precisely the desired

size at the time of capture.

As this isn’t always possible, Photoshop

can increase or decrease the image’s pixel

dimensions using tools such as the Image

Size or the Scale features. Each of these

steps requires the program to interpolate,

or ‘make up’, the pixels that form the

resized image.

Interpolation is a process by which the

computer program reduces or increases

the number of pixels in the picture. To

achieve the color and brightness levels

pixels are averaged and used as a basis

for creating new pixels according to a

specifi c algorithm. When resizing pictures

in Photoshop you can select from several

different interpolation algorithms (1).

These options are available in the Image

Size feature.

High resolution

Low resolution

Image Processor

Menu: Bridge: Tools > Photoshop > Image Processor

File > Scripts > Image Processor

Shortcut: – See also: Camera Raw 4.0

Version: CS2, CS3

Russell Brown developed the Image

Processor to demonstrate the power of the

scripting engine within Photoshop and

at the same time to provide a very handy

image conversion utility.

The feature is designed to quickly convert

a group of fi les from one format into

JPEG, PSD and TIFF versions. You can

even convert a series of Raw fi les using

the utility.

There are options to manually adjust the

conversion settings for the fi rst fi le and

then apply these settings to the rest, and

the ability to apply an action during the

process.

Image resolution

Menu: –

Shortcut: – See also: Curves, Shadow/

Version: 6.0, 7.0, CS, CS2, CS3 Highlight

One measure of digital image quality is the

resolution of the picture which is usually

stated in pixels per inch (ppi).

The more pixels per inch, the higher

the resolution. Not to be confused with

sharpness, which is affected by a number

of things, including lens quality. The

resolution needs to be high enough to

suit the viewing media and should not be

confused with dpi (dots per inch).

If, for example, you only ever look at the

images on a computer monitor for web use

you only need a resolution of 72 ppi for

Macs and 96 ppi for a PC and each pixel

will be displayed as a dot. If, on the other

hand, you’re wanting to send the images to

a magazine or book publisher you’ll need a

resolution of at least 300 ppi, whilst most

desktop inkjet printers require fi les with

150 to 240 ppi and lay down several dots

per pixel to ensure accurate colors.

IMAGE INTERPOLATION

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148 Photoshop CS3 A–Z

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Image Size command

Menu: Image > Image Size

Shortcut: Ctrl/Cmd Alt/Opt I See also: Canvas Size

Version: 6.0, 7.0, CS, CS2

The Image Size dialog provides several

options for manipulating the number of

pixels in your photograph and how big it

prints.

At fi rst glance the settings displayed here

may seem a little confusing, but if you

can make the distinction between the

Pixel Dimensions of the image (1) and

the Document Size (2), it will be easier to

understand.

Keep in mind:

Pixel Dimensions represent the true

digital size of the fi le.

Document Size is the physical dimensions

of the fi le represented in inches (or

centimeters) based on using a specifi c

number of pixels per inch (resolution or

dpi).

To keep the ratio of width and height of the

new image the same as the original, tick

the Constrain Proportions checkbox (3).

To change resolution, open the Image

Size dialog and uncheck the Resample

Image option (4). Next, change either the

resolution, width or height settings to suit

your output.

To increase the pixels or upsize the image,

tick the Resample Image checkbox (4)

and then increase the value of any of

the dimension settings in the dialog. To

decrease the pixels or downsize the image,

decrease the value of the dimension

settings.

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ImageReady

Menu: –

Shortcut: – See also: Jump to

Version: 6.0, 7.0, CS, CS2

ImageReady is a web image editing

program that was bundled with Photoshop

up until the CS3 release of the program.

ImageReady had a similar interface and

allowed seamless connection from within

the program.

We saw a jump from version 3.0 with

Photoshop 6.0 to version 7.0 with

Photoshop 7.0. Then it follows suit with

ImageReady CS and CS2.

The program allows you to slice a picture

up so that it can be used more effectively on

a web page. You can also optimize pictures,

create rollovers and edit animation.

Photoshop CS2 saw the inclusion of

features such as the Animation palette that

started life as an ImageReady feature.

In CS3 ImageReady has gone altogether

with the features and functions of the

companion program being assimilated

into Photoshop proper.

Image Space, color

management

Menu: –

Shortcut: – See also: Print options

Version: 6.0, 7.0, CS, CS2

The Image, or Source, Space refers to the ICC

profi le that a picture has been tagged with.

The profi le might have been attached at the

time of capture or added later but it is this

image space profi le that allows the image to

be correctly displayed and printed.

So when shooting make sure that any

color management or ICC profi le settings

in the camera are always turned on (1).

This will ensure that the pictures captured

will be tagged with a profi le. Those readers

shooting fi lm and converting to digital

with scanners should search through

the preference menus of their scanners

to locate, and activate, any in-built color

management systems here as well. This way

scanned pictures will be tagged as well.

Next, to ensure that Photoshop is correctly

using the image space, make sure that

the most appropriate option (2) for your

situation is selected in the Color Settings

dialog of the program. This ensures that

tagged pictures coming into the workspace

are correctly interpreted and displayed

ready for editing and enhancement.

When it comes time to print, select the File

> Print with Preview option and then Let

Photoshop Determine Colors and, fi nally

input your Printer Profi le before pressing

Print to fi nish (3).

IMAGE SIZE COMMAND

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149

Import command

Menu: File > Import

Shortcut: – See also: Open, Open As

Version: 6.0, 7.0, CS,

CS2, CS3,

The Import menu located under the

File heading lists a range of sources for

importing images into Photoshop. Acting

much like the Import TWAIN feature found

in older software, the feature links installed

cameras and scanners with Photoshop and

allows the user to control the driver software

from inside the editing package.

The import sources listed under the menu

normally include the following:

Installed scanners/cameras – Use

the scanner driver or camera download

software to import pictures from either of

these device types.

WIA Support – Most cameras that are

designed to connect to Windows computers

are supplied with a WIA or Windows

Image Acquisition driver that is used for

downloading pictures from these devices.

Annotations – This option allows you to

import annotations that have been saved

in PDF or FDF fi les.

Variable Data Sets – Use this selection to

import text-based data sets to be used when

generating data driven graphics.

Video Frames to Layers – With the

beefed up support for animation and video

in Photoshop CS3 this option provides a

way to import motion video into Photoshop

for editing.

Note: The exact contents of the import

menu list are determined by the scanners

or cameras that you have installed on your

computer.

IMPORT COMMAND

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Info palette

Menu: Window > Info

Shortcut: F8 See also: –

Version: 6.0, 7.0, CS, CS2, CS3

The Info palette provides a variety of

information about the open document.

With the palette displayed, moving a tool

pointer over the canvas surface will show

details of the pixels beneath the tool tip.

The details are displayed in fi ve sections of

the palette:

(1, 2) First and second color readouts

displayed in Grayscale, RGB, WEB or HSB

color.

(3) Mouse coordinates displayed in pixels,

millimeters, centimeters, inches, points,

picas or percent.

(4) Width and height of marquee displayed

in pixels, millimeters, centimeters, inches,

points, picas or percent.

(5) File information such as document size,

profi le or dimensions and scratch sizes,

effi ciency, timing and current tool.

The units used for each display section are

set via the pop-out menu (6) displayed when

the More button (top right) is pressed.

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Indexed Color mode

Menu: Image > Mode > Indexed Color

Shortcut: – See also: Color modes

Version: 6.0, 7.0, CS, CS2, CS3

The Indexed Color mode can support up to

256 different colors and is the default color

mode for the GIF fi le format.

When a full color picture is converted to

the Index mode the colors used are drawn

from a special palette (1). They are:

Exact – For pictures with 256 colors or

less where the exact colors are used in the

converted fi le.

System (Mac OS) and System (Windows

OS) – Use the system palette.

Web – Uses a special set of 216 colors

that can be displayed by all computer

systems.

Uniform – Uses a palette of colors that

have been evenly sampled from the RGB

color space.

Perceptual – Uses a color set that gives

priority to colors that the human eye is

more sensitive to.

Selective – Similar to perceptual but also

favors the web color set.

Adaptive – Builds a set of colors from those

most present in the original picture.

Custom – Create your own palette of

colors using the Color Table dialog box.

Previous – Uses the previous custom

palette.

The dialog also has options to allow you to

select the total number of colors to present

in the fi nal conversion, force specifi c colors

to be included, add transparency, select a

matte color and choose a dither type (2).

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150 Photoshop CS3 A–Z

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Ink Outlines fi lter Menu: Filter > Brush Strokes > Ink Outlines

Shortcut: – See also: Filters

Version: 6.0, 7.0, CS, CS2, CS3

The Ink Outlines fi lter, as one of the group

of Brush Strokes fi lters, draws fi ne black ink

lines over the edge details of the original

picture.

Three controls in the fi lter dialog allow

adjustment of the fi ltering process and

results.

The length of the stroke used in the

outlining process can be varied with the

Stroke Length slider (1).

The Dark Intensity (2) and Light Intensity

(3) sliders provide control over the

brightness and contrast of the fi nal result.

When low values are used for both sliders

a low contrast picture results. Conversely,

higher settings produce a more contrasty

result overall.

Before

After

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Input levels

Menu: Enhance > Adjust Lighting > Levels

Shortcut: Ctrl/Cmd Alt/Opt Shft L See also: Levels command

Version: 6.0, 7.0, CS, CS2, CS3

The Levels feature controls image tones in

two different ways. The upper sliders (the

ones just below the histogram graph) alter

the input levels (1) of the picture and are

most often used to increase the contrast

of low contrast pictures. The example

image shows the increase in contrast that

is possible when you drag the black (left)

and white (right) input sliders in towards

the center of the graph until they reach the

fi rst groupings of pixels (3).

The slider at the bottom of the Levels

dialog controls the output levels of the

image (2).

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Inspector Panel

Menu: Window > Inspector Panel

Shortcut: – See also: Version Cue

Version: CS3

The Inspector Panel in Bridge 2.0 displays

details of Version Cue assets (1). The exact

information shown at any one time is

based on what is selected in the Content

panel. In addition to specifi c details the

panel also contains a list of buttons for

common Server Tasks.

The content of the panel is determined by

the settings in the Edit > Preferences >

Inspector dialog (2).

INK OUTLINES FILTER

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