Sử dụng vốn ODA: Vấn đề là hiệu quả

Ziioo (oUii'i'^ Cyi/ri^fn' cMo^o

nhiing DN nfiy chua cao, chua dugc

dfio tao vung chfic. Va che do lam viec

tai nhilu DN nha't la trong mdt sd DN

thudc nganh det-may va giay dip, cdn

nang nhgc (do thie't bi-ky thuat lac

hau) va thudng phai lfim them gid vfi

chua dugc tra edng sdng phfing. Tinh

hinh nfiy tfit ylu dfin din nhiing cudc

dinh cdng keo dai nhilu gid tai khdng

it nha may.

Can tu phe binh sau sac

Vl linh vuc dfiu W nudc ngoai vao

Viet Nam, cfin phan tich dfinh gia, vi sao

sau gfin 1/4 the ky hinh thanh va phfit

triln ke td khi Luat dau tu nudc ngoai di

vao cudc sd'ng, chfit lugng va hieu qua

boat ddng FDI tai Viet Nam chua thu

dugc kit qua nhu tieu chf da dl ra?.

Phfin ddng du luan xa hdi cho rfing,

trudc tien nen xem lai nang luc quan ly,

giam sat, kilm tta cua phfa Viet Nam,

ma can bd cac dja phuang la luc lugng

ndng cdt. Nha mfiy Vedan da boat ddng

hfing chuc nam, tai sao gid mdi phfit hien

ra d nhilm?. Viec cfip phep du an khdng

phii hgp vdi quy hoach, viec "ttfii tham

dd ddn nha dau tu" trudc kia... diu do

nang luc cua can bd Viet Nam. Nhan ra

dugc sir khfic biet can ban giua cdng

nghe hien dai va cdng nghe lac hau dd'i

vdi mdt linh vuc lai edn khd ban, tuang

tu, cung khdng dl hieu rd dugc nang luc

ciia nha dfiu ur ttudc nhung "chieu"

quang ba khdn kheo eua hg. Nlu chi tin

vao cam kit cua nha dfiu tu tiii he luy ta't

yeu xay ra, ngay dd'i vdi dfiu tu ttong

nucite nhu trudng hgp Vinashin vda qua

cung diu till hien nang luc quan ly nhfi

nudc cua nhimg ca quan chdc nang.

Theo du thao Chien lugc phfit triln

kinh tl-xa hdi 2011 - 2020, kinh te dfit

nudi tdi day cfin phai dugc phfit triln

chu yeu dua vao ung dung cdng nghe

cao, tang nang suat lao ddng nhfim dat

muc tieu vl cdng nghiep hofi theo

hudng hien dai. trong dd yeu cfiu cae

nen san xufit phai sach. than thien vdi

mdi ttudng (tuc giam thieu khf thai,

nircTfc thai lam buy hoai mdi trudng).

Dd cung chinh la djnh hudng vfi ddi

hdi khfit khe ddi vdi cac du an FDI tai

Viet Nam tdi day Song, cd "can dfch"

nam 2020 mdt each man nguyen hay

khdng la tuy thugc phan ldn vfio nang

lire quan ly cua phia Viet Nam •

42 Thue Nha Nuoc

SuT dung von ODA:

van de la hieu qua

Cuoc hop cua nhom tu van cac nha tai tro quoc to danh cho

Viet Nam (CG) di6n ra cuoi nam 2010 da hudfng dU luan vao

mot van de quan trong nhat la thuc tiin sur dung, tac dong cua

cac khoan vay hd trg phat trien chinh thufc (ODA) doi vdi doi

song KT-XH cung nhu ket qua giai ngan cua cac khoan vay.

^THA I Dl/ONG

Ngudn vdn cho phat trien ha tang va tac dgng rong ldn

Td khi cgng ddng nha tai trg qud'c tl nd'i lai boat ddng tfii trg

cho Viet Nam vao nam 1993, den nay phfin ldn cac khoan ODA

diu nhfim muc tieu xay dung, nang cfip cfic du fin, cdng trinh cd

tfic ddng true tie'p de'n qud'c ke, dan sinh, chu ye'u lfi he thd'ng ha

tfing ca sd va xda ddi giam ngheo. Dieu nay cung phu hgp vdi nhu

cfiu, muc tieu thu hut vd'n cho chie'n lugc phfit trien cua Viet Nam.

Nhung nam qua, cac du an su dung ODA da vfi dang hinh thfinh,

trai dai tren hfiu hit cac v^ung lanh thd. Cfic nganh va linh vuc

dugc hudng ODA nhilu nhfit lfi: Giao thdng, dd thj, nudc sach va

mdi trudng; thdng tin, xoa ddi giam ngheo, phfit trien con ngudi

(y tl, giao due), ndng nghiep (thuy san).

Thuc te cho thfiy, ODA chfnh lfi mdt kenh cfip vd'n khfi an toan, lai

cd thdi gian tra ng keo dai, vdi lai suat tha'p nen rfit phu hgp vdi mdt

nudc ngheo, thieu vd'n phuc vu muc tieu tang trucmg nhanh nhu Viet

Nam. Cd thl diem qua hang loat du an ed tfim vdc, quy md va tfim

anh huang rat rd ret dl thfiy hit tfim quan trgng vfi tinh cap thie't phai

tim dugc ngudn vd'n ODA. Dd la, cac qud'c Id IA, 10, 18, 9, dudng

Xuyen A (doan thanh phd Hd Chf Minh - Mgc Bai), cfic cfiu ldn nhu

My Thuan, Can Tha, Thanh Tri. Binh...; nhung du an quan trgng nhU

nang cap va md rdng cang biln Cai Lan, Hai Phdng, Sai Gdn, Tien Sa

(Da Nfing): Xay dung nha ga cang hang khdng Tan Son Nhfit, phfit

triln giao thdng ndng thdn d hfiu hit cac tinh... Ngudn vd'n ODA cdn

tham gia vao phat triln nganh dien bao gdm phai trien ngudn dien nhu

du an Phd My 1. 6 Mdn. Pha Lai 2, Ham Thuan - Da My... va phat

trien he thdng dudng day 500 kV Playku - Nha Be, gfin 50 tram bien