Smart lecture room for smart campus building automation system

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Smart Lecture Room for Smart Campus

Building Automation System

Kien Tran Pham Thai

Master thesis submitted under the supervision of

Prof. Dr. Ir. Martin Timmerman

In order to be awarded the Master’s Degree in

MSc in Electronics and Information Technology Engineering

Academicyear

2014-2015

Master thesis submitted under the supervision of

Prof. Dr. Ir. Martin Timmerman

In order to be awarded the Master’s Degree in

MSc in Electronics and Information Technology

Engineering

Academicyear

2014-2015

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Abstract

In the recent years, the terms of “Internet of Things” and “Smart Building Automation System” come

into practical implementations from a hot topic for researches and developments. Beyond the

concept of every facilities or appliances in your apartment or office can be controlled remotely, as an

automated entity, such system is now required to be intelligent. The intelligence include an adaptive

operation with context awareness, energy efficiency, and comfort living experience. However, it is

difficult to realize such complicated systemsdue to a gap between a high levels of abstract level in

expectations to an actual operational devices, which is called design flow.

The purpose of this work is to realizea Smart LectureRoom, from a classical campus lecture room,as

a complete solution for both building manager and user. During the development, the design

process for this particular system is constructed. The realized system will be analyzed to have better

improvements in the future.

The development process is based on a general embedded system design process with adaptions in

context of the particular Smart Lecture Room. The thesis grows in five stepsof progression. Firstly,

the design concepts are defined and follow withan investigation typical lecture rooms in VUB - Vrije

Universiteit Brussel campus. This investigation deliversa picture of the real installation of

infrastructure. The first stepcontinues with findings of problems of the invested rooms to usefor

later definition of requirements of overall system. After that, a general architecture for the smart

room, which contains information about the development platforms, is proposed and lateris divided

into subsystems for simplification. Secondly, an actual design and prototyping of the conceptual

smart room in term of software on specified hardware components is performed on the distributed

subsystems. Thirdly, the subsystems are integrated back in a complete system for further

evaluations and analyses. Fourthly, the results is presented and discussed. Finally, the thesis ends

with a summarization of the work and potential future improvements.

As the results, the prototyped system is not only capable of providing automation control features

for the facilities of the class room from a centralized control interface, Room Controller, with high a

resolution GUI touch screen. The facilities of the room are managed by the Room Nodes. There are 5

Room Nodes: Main Switch Node, Dimmer Node, Sensor Node, Door Lock Node, and Window Node.

The nodes will both receive control actionsand send data toward the Room Controller. For example,

the user can switch the states of lights remotely or manually, dim the lights, read environmental

information of the room, open the main door with his/her RFID tags, check if the windows or door is

opened or closed, and even be alerted when any of the windows is broken. The prototyped system

also elevatethe room up to a higher level with intelligent features. The intelligence provides an

automatic reduction of wasted energy with occupancy-based mechanism. In addition to that,

besides the autonomous operations, to offer management features, a Building Server connects

individual smart rooms together for monitoring purposes. The Building Server has images of the

rooms in the building. An image contains the states, values of all facilities in the room, and be

updated with real-time changes from Room Controllers. As such, the manager will be able to

monitor the equipment of every single room in the campus building.

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Keywords: Smart Lecture Room, Smart Building management system, Smart Cities, Real-time

embedded system, MVC JavaFX Embedded system, Multitasking system, ZigBee two ways

communication.

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Acknowledgements

First and foremost, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my promotor Prof. Dr. Ir. Martin

Timmerman for his enormous support, encouragements, and guidance since I had started the

Master Thesis with zero knowledge in the field. Approved by the professor from 15th September of

2014, Prof. Martin Timmerman offered me a cozy work space with full access to the devices for me

to develop my embedded design skills. Gradually, with his talents in both of his expertise and

business experience, I had received his motivation, advice, suggestion to not only develop my thesis

in a professional way but also in a very business oriented manner. A long with funding me for the

equipment, he also always available to comment on my progress reports, solve the troubles, and

revise my work with his immense knowledge.

Besides my promotor, I would like to send my sincerely thanks to the crew of Embedded System Lab:

Long Peng, Fei Guan, and Dr.Hasan Fayyad-Kazan, for the supports during the development of my

thesis with their insights knowledge on technologies, devices supply and IT infrastructure.

I also would like to express my thankful attitude to all my friends in Belgium and my Vietnamese

friends here in Belgium and back in Vietnam for their encouragements, blesses, even just chitchats

to help me overcome the difficulties in my study abroad.

Last but not least, I would like to thank my family: My parents: Tran Duc Tin, Pham Thi Van Ha, my

younger sister: Tran Pham Kim Ngan, my brother in law: Dinh Ngoc Minh, and my new born nephew,

for giving me infinitive source of motivation and backing me up with up and downs in my life.

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Table of contents

Abstract.........................................................................................................................................................1

Acknowledgements.......................................................................................................................................4

Table of contents..........................................................................................................................................6

List of abbreviations......................................................................................................................................8

List of figures...............................................................................................................................................10

1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................14

1.1. Motivation and Objective .....................................................................................................14

1.2. Related works .......................................................................................................................14

1.3. Scope and Roadmap .............................................................................................................19

1.4. Methodology.........................................................................................................................20

2. Pre-prototyping process .....................................................................................................................22

2.1. Design concepts....................................................................................................................22

2.2. Field investigation and Problem identification.....................................................................24

2.2.1. Field investigation.........................................................................................................24

2.2.2. Problems identification.................................................................................................26

2.3. System requirements............................................................................................................26

2.4. System architecture ..............................................................................................................29

2.5. Subsystems distribution........................................................................................................32

2.5.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................32

2.5.2. Network model .............................................................................................................33

2.5.3. Data model....................................................................................................................35

2.6. Summary ...............................................................................................................................38

3. Room Nodes........................................................................................................................................40

3.1. General description....................................................................................................................40

3.2. General architecture..................................................................................................................40

3.3. Main Light Switch Node .............................................................................................................42

3.4. Dimmer Node.............................................................................................................................46

3.5. Sensor Node...............................................................................................................................48

3.6. Door Lock Node..........................................................................................................................51

3.7. Window Node ............................................................................................................................53

3.8. Summary ....................................................................................................................................55

4. Room Controller and Building Server .................................................................................................56

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4.1. Room Controller.........................................................................................................................56

4.1.1. Description..........................................................................................................................56

4.1.2. Hardware architecture........................................................................................................56

4.1.3. Software architecture .........................................................................................................57

4.1.4. Model..................................................................................................................................57

4.1.5. View ....................................................................................................................................58

4.1.6. Controllers...........................................................................................................................59

4.2. Building Server......................................................................................................................65

4.2.1. Description....................................................................................................................65

4.2.2. Architecture ..................................................................................................................66

4.2.3. Functionalities...............................................................................................................66

4.3. Summary ...............................................................................................................................67

5. Post-prototyping process....................................................................................................................68

5.1. System integration.....................................................................................................................68

5.2. System evaluation and Analysis............................................................................................68

5.2.1. Functionalities evaluation.............................................................................................68

5.2.2. Analysis of Room Nodes................................................................................................69

5.2.3. Analysis of Room Controller..........................................................................................71

5.2.4. Cost evaluation .............................................................................................................74

5.3. Summary ...............................................................................................................................75

6. Results.................................................................................................................................................77

6.1. Prototyped devices....................................................................................................................77

6.2. Graphical user interface.............................................................................................................78

6.3. Summary ....................................................................................................................................80

7. Conclusions.........................................................................................................................................81

8. Future works.......................................................................................................................................83

9. References ..........................................................................................................................................85

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List of abbreviations

BAS Building Automation System

BS Building Server

FTDI Future Technology Devices International

GPIO General Purpose Input Output

GPU Graphical Processor Unit

GUI Graphical User Interface

HBAS Home-Building Automation System

JSON JavaScript Object Notation

JSSC Java Simple Serial Connector

MCU Micro-Controller Unit

MVC Model-View-Controller

PLC Programmable Logic Controller

RC Room Controller

RF Radio Frequency

RFID Radio-Frequency Identification

RTOS Real Time Operating System

SBS Smart Building System

SOA Service Oriented Architecture

WSN Wireless Sensor Network