Quá trình phát triển kinh tế vùng đồng bằng sông Hồng: Những vấn đề xã hội nảy sinh và giải pháp

NGHIEN CCaj - TRAO OOI

Qua trinh phat trien kinh te viing dong bang song Hong:

fjhOng van i i m hoi nay sinh va mi phap

Dongb^ng song Hong (DBSH) la mot vpg chau tho airgchmh thanh do

sir boi dip phii sa ciia song Hong va song Thai Binh. Dien tich cua OBSH

ciiiem khoang 6,36% dien tich cua Viet Nam nhung dam bao ngiion song

cho khoang 25% so dan, san xuat ra 23% so gao va 20% san pham cong

nghiep cua toan quoc. Trong thdi ky 5 nam lir 2006 - 2010, GDP binh quan

loan vung tdng khoang 11 %, dat muc tieu de ra; co- caii kinh te da chuyen

d!ch theo hirdng tich circ (ndng nghiep: 13,94%; cdng nghiep vd xay dung:

43,17%; djCh vu: 42,89%). Cung vdi qua trinh phat trien kinh te, hien nay

cac tinh, thanh phd thudc vung OBSH, dac biet la mdt sd dd thi ldn ludn

phai ddi mat vdi nhirng van de xa hgi va mdi irudng nhu nan that ngliiep,

Ihieu viec lam, d nhiim mdi trudng, te nan xa hdi cd xu hirdng dien bien

phuc tap gay anh hudng tdi sir phat trien ben vumg cda vung.

vdn de viec lam v a thu

nhqp cua bo phqn dan cu

nong thon

Vimg DBSH cd tdc do tang ddn

so khd nhanh. Ddy ki sue ep Idn dd'i

X'di x'iiii dl rudng diii, vice lam vd thu

nbiip d ndng thdn. Theo .sd lieu

Ihdiig ke niun 2007. ddn so loan

\'uiig khodng 18,4 Irieu ngudi; den

niim 2009 khoiing 19.62.'i trieu

. ngirdi vdi mdl do ddn sd 932

ngudi/km-. cao iihii't ca nud'c, Irong

dd ddn cu ndng thdn chiem gan HO'/c

dan sdciia viing. Viing DBSH ed cdc

dd thi ldn nhu 11a Ndi, Hdi Phdng,

Nam Dinh. Bdc Ninh... Id noi cd ty le

lri llu'rc va kio ddng ed hdm lugng ky

ihiidi eao .so x'di cd nu'd'c. Tuy nhien,

l\' le lao ddng ndng thdn qua diio tao

ehuyen mdn ky thuat d vimg kii khd

Ihiip. chi chilm khoiing l2-\5'/c

long sd lao ddng ndng thdn. Mill

khdc, ly le thiit nghiep cua vung

(2,69%) tuy tha'p hon muc binh qudn

chung ca nude (2,99r) va thiip hon so

X'di xiiiig Ddng Nam Bd (.'^,99%)

song ty Id that nghiep thanh thi d ddx

(4,59<"f) kii cao hon so vdi viing

DimiiNam 1^(4,549^).

Dan cu ndng thdn trong vung

chiein ty le khd ldn nen vtin di viee

lam va thu nhap ciia hg cd dnh

hudng dang kl dd'i vdi sir phat Iriln

kinh te - xa hdi ciia viing. Do thieu

viec lam vd thu nhdp thap nen phdn

thu nhdp danh cho chi lieu ddi sdng

eiia bd phan dan cu ndng thdn

ThS. LE THI TION G THL

chie'm ty le cao. thudng la tren 70%

lam cho tfch luy ciia ciic hd ddn

ndng thdn nhin chung rdi thiip. Dilu

nay han che su phdt triln eua cdc

hoiit ddng sail xuat kinh doanh

trong ndng nghiep, ndng thdn. Thu

nhdp cua ddn cu nong thdn Ihap

Irong khi cdc khodn chi tdt yeu cho

ddi sdng: di kii, chua benh, hgc

hdnh kii cd xu hirdng tang lam cho

siic mua cua khu vuc ndng thdn bi

ban che x'd can eiia khu vuc ndy vl

bimg hod, dich xu cang ihdp. Vi xdy,

muc do hudng thu phiic lgi xa hdi

va Clie dich vu xa hdi d khu vuc

ndng thdn nhin chung van cdn

nhieu him chl. Chfnh dieu nay da

lam han che khd nang liep ciin cdc

CO hdi plidl trien ciia ngudi ddn

ndng ihoii. nhdi la co hdi hoe liip va

diio lao cu;i con em ho izax' imh

Mc')i tnrimg khimg khi a hiai bit ede dd tlii lim vimg DBSH dung in d nliiem niing ne

Kinh te va Dit bao 36 2/2011

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