PSYCHOLOGY – SELECTED PAPERS potx

PSYCHOLOGY –

SELECTED PAPERS

Edited by Gina Rossi

Psychology – Selected Papers

Edited by Gina Rossi

Published by InTech

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Copyright © 2012 InTech

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First published April, 2012

Printed in Croatia

A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com

Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]

Psychology – Selected Papers, Edited by Gina Rossi

p. cm.

ISBN 978-953-51-0587-9

Contents

Preface IX

Section 1 Alcoholism 1

Chapter 1 Alcoholism: The Self-Reinforcing Feedback Loop 3

Jillian Dorrian

Chapter 2 Alcoholism: An Impulsive/Disinhibition Disorder? 21

Xavier Noël

Section 2 Clinical Interventions 37

Chapter 3 Utilizing Psychiatric Diagnosis

and Formulation in the Clinical Process:

Meeting the Needs and Expectations of Service Users 39

Graham Mellsop and Fiona Clapham Howard

Chapter 4 Hypnosis in Cancer Patients: Can We Do Better? 53

Fabrice Kwiatkowski

Chapter 5 Mutual Regulation in the Context

of Inconsolable Crying: Promoting Tolerance to Distress 69

Beth S. Russell and Molly Fechter-Leggett

Section 3 Depression 83

Chapter 6 Non-Response to Initial Antidepressant Therapy 85

J.P. Guilloux, D.J. David, B.A. Samuels, I. David,

A.M. Gardier and B.P. Guiard

Chapter 7 New Approaches for the Therapy

of Treatment Refractory Depression 107

Oguz Mutlu, Güner Ulak,

Ipek Komsuoglu Celikyurt,

Füruzan Yıldız Akar and Faruk Erden

VI Contents

Section 4 Personality Psychology 129

Chapter 8 Does Personality Affect Compulsive Buying?

An Application of the Big Five Personality Model 131

Kalina Mikołajczak-Degrauwe, Malaika Brengman,

Birgit Wauters and Gina Rossi

Chapter 9 The Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory

(EQ-i): Evaluation of Psychometric Aspects

in the Dutch Speaking Part of Belgium 145

Mercedes De Weerdt and Gina Rossi

Section 5 Qualitative Psychology 173

Chapter 10 Qualitative Research Methods in Psychology 175

Deborah Biggerstaff

Chapter 11 Issues of Information Exchange

Efficiency in Long-Term Space Flights 207

V. Gushin and A. Yusupova

Chapter 12 Group’s Positions and Language Use: The Connection

Between Themata and Topic Grounds (Lexical Worlds) 231

Laura Camara Lima

Section 6 Social Psychology 247

Chapter 13 Minority and Majority Influence on Attitudes 249

Nina Dickel and Gerd Bohner

Chapter 14 Conformity, Obedience,

Disobedience: The Power of the Situation 275

Piero Bocchiaro and Adriano Zamperini

Chapter 15 Selected Social Psychological Phenomena’s

Effect on Educational Team Decision Making 295

Laurie McGary Klose and Jon S. Lasser

Chapter 16 The Social Value of Persons: Theory and Applications 307

Nicole Dubois and Jean-Léon Beauvois

Preface

Editing this book was a pleasant, but challenging job. I enjoyed reviewing chapters

from different domains, bringing up-to-date empirical research studies, excellent

literature reviews and controversial issues. This was an instructive experience for me

and the authors. We both learned from each other, making different backgrounds a

gain-gain situation, by evaluating each chapter critically from different perspectives.

We are sure the reader will enjoy the end result: a selection of chapters from different

psychology domains.

We start off with two papers on alcoholism. Dr. Dorrian discusses the self-reinforcing

feedback loop, pointing out that a holistic, bio-psycho-social approach is necessary to

address alcohol use disorders. Mr. Noël underlines the importance of impulsivity in

predisposing and developmental factors in alcohol related disorders, bringing an

overview of recent inhibition studies. Three papers concern issues relevant to clinical

interventions. Dr. Mellsop and Howard introduce diagnoses and the clinical process,

and stress the importance of contextualizing the diagnosis with thorough and

reflective formulation to optimize the recovery plan. Dr. Kwiatkowski discusses the

ongoing controversy on the positive effects of hypnosis and reviews the application in

oncology. He concludes that hypnosis does help in psychosocial matters, but not for

survival. Dr. Russell and Ms. Fechter-Leggett disentangle the mutual regulation dyad

between parents and infants in the context of inconsolable crying. They are convinced

of the benefits of dialectical behavior therapy in case of emotion dysregulation. The

next chapters specifically focus on the treatment of depression. Dr. Guilloux, Dr.

Samuels, Dr. David, Dr. Gardier, and Dr. Guiard show out that current SSRI

antidepressant treatments are not sufficient, since the insensitivity of many patients.

New methods, like triple reuptake inhibitors should be investigated more thoroughly.

Dr. Mutlu, Dr. Ulak, Dr. Celikyurt, Dr. Akar, and Dr. Erden examine new approaches

for the treatment of refractory depression. They conclude that nitric oxide synthase

inhibitors are a promising approach.

Personality psychology is covered from two approaches. Dr. Mikołajczak-Degrauwe,

Dr. Brengman, Dr. Wauters, and Dr. Rossi examine how personality affects

compulsive buying. Issues are addressed on how the Big Five Personality model can

be applied in this context. Dr. De Weerdt and Dr. Rossi investigate how emotional

intelligence and psychopathology relate to each other. They approach emotional

X Preface

intelligence from a perspective integrating personal, emotional, and social

competencies in coping successfully with life demands.

Next, the paper of Dr. Biggerstaff introduces qualitative research methods in

psychology. She focuses on important concepts, the growing importance of these

methods in the field, and strengths and limitations of these methods. This is followed

by two practical applications. Dr. Gushin, and Dr. Yusupova analyse communication

in space flights. They more specifically address issues of information exchange in long￾term space flights. Dr. Lima reveals the connection between topic grounds or lexical

worlds and themata from the theory of social presentations by an analysis using the

ALCESTE algorithm. Finally, we bring some excellent chapters from social

psychology. Ms. Dickel and Dr. Bohner demonstrate how theorizing on automatic

associations and persuasion research can be integrated into the research of minority

and majority influence on attitudes. Dr. Bocchiaro and Dr. Zamperini bring recent

studies on the power of the situation in the context of conformity, obedience and

disobedience. Dr. Klose and Dr. Lasser review which social psychological phenomena

influence group decision making in an educational context. Dr. Dubois and Dr.

Beauvois depart from an evaluative approach. They outline theory and applications

related to the social value of persons. As such we have interesting blend of studies

from experts from a diverse array of psychology fields. The selected chapters will take

the reader on an exciting journey in the domains of psychology. I’m sure the content

will appeal to a great audience!

Dr. Gina Rossi

Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)

Belgium

Section 1

Alcoholism

1

Alcoholism:

The Self-Reinforcing Feedback Loop

Jillian Dorrian

Senior Lecturer in Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy

University of South Australia

Australia

1. Introduction

Healthcare in the 18th and 19th centuries was primarily focused on infectious illnesses, such

as smallpox, influenza, measles and polio. The development of the biomedical model (which

specifically acknowledged that diseases could be explained by physical processes connected

with injury, imbalance, or infection) represented a major advance in healthcare, facilitating

the development improved hygiene practices, vaccines and antibiotics. In contrast to such

historical healthcare priorities, in developed countries today, the major reasons for medical

treatment and mortality are chronic illness and accidents (Catalbiano, Sarafino, & Byrne,

2008). Indeed, the current health priority areas in Australia are cancer, cardiovascular

disease, diabetes, mental health, obesity, injury prevention/control, arthritis/

musculoskeletal conditions and asthma (AIHW, 2011). The risk factors for these

contemporary health priorities are not only physical, but include important and complex

behavioural and social interactions. Therefore, a biopsychosocial approach (Fig 1) is

required in the current healthcare climate, acknowledging the contribution of physical,

behavioural and social factors to health (Catalbiano et al., 2008).

Fig. 1. Biopsychosocial model (adapted from Catalbiano et al., 2008).