Phương pháp hướng dẫn học sinh đọc sách giáo khoa trong dạy học địa lí 10 nhằm mang lại hiệu quả dạy học

PHUVNG PHAP HUVNG DAN HOC SINH DOC SACH 6IA0 KHOA

TDDNG DAY DDC DIA il ID NDAM MANG lAI D i ODA DAY NOC

O TS. DA U THI HOA* - TRAN TH! PHLJONG**

Sdeh gido khoa (SGK) Id phuang tien quon

trqng d l eon ngudi nhdn thuc th i gidi xung

quanh. Id ngudn cung cd'p kiln thue phong

phu eho ngudi hqe; Id edng cy d l gido vien (GV)

td chi/c, hudng ddn hqe sinh (HS) ty lye, ehu ddng

chilm iTnh tri tfiuc. Su dyng SGK tdt se ndng eao

hieu qud dqy hqc. Thue t l dqy hqe hien nay eho

thdy, kit qud hor tqp eua HS phy thudc rdt nhieu

• vdo phuong phdp (PP) hudng ddn HS dqc SGK

d l khoi thdc tri thue. Bdi dudng cho HS kT ndng

(KN) dqc sdeh cung Id mqt trong nhCrng con dudng

hinh thdnh vd ren luyen KN ty hqe - mqt hdnh trong

edn thiet eho HS thye hien viee ty hqe sudt ddi.

1. Vol trd cua SGK trong dqy hqc dja If Idp

10 d tren Idp

SGK Id ngudn cung cd'p kiln thue quon trqng,

mong tinh khoa hqe, ed logic chdt che vd duqc

thd'ng nhd't trong nen gido dye qude ddn. SGK

Dja ll 10 ve ndi dung kiln thue gdm 2 phdn ehfnh:

- Phdn Dia li ty nhien dgi cuong ed cdc nqi dung

CO bdn: Bdn dd; Vu try vd he qud cdc ehuyin

ddng euo Trdi Ddt; Cdu true euo Trdi Ddt vd ede

quyin euo Idp vd dja If; Mqt sd quy ludt cua Idp

vd djo li; - Phdn Dia li kinh ti'xd hdi dgi cuong

ed ede nqi dung co bdn: Djo If ddn eu; Co edu

nen kinh t l vd ede ngdnh kinh t l ehinh; Mdi trudng

vd sy phdt triln ben vCrng.

Todn bd ndi dung kien thuc duqc ehuyin tdi

bdng hoi kenh (ehi/vd hinh): - Kinh chdgom cdc

bdi hqc ehinh, bdi dqc them, ede bdng kiln thuc,

sd lieu, ede edu hdi giCra bdi, eudi bdi, ede bdi

tdp... Kenh chu dugc trinh bdy ngdn gqn, sue tich,

rd rdng, cd bd eye chdt che trong tung bdi, tung

chuang phu hqp vdi trinh do chung euo HS Idp 10

(Ban eo han); - Kinh hinh rdt do dqng gdm ede

bdn dd, luqe dd, so dd, tronh dnh, hinh ve... Kenh

hinh duqc tyo chqn khd kT, ddm bdo tinh khoa

hqe, tinh phd thdng, tinh su phqm, duqc in mdu

khd dep vd rd kich thich su hung ttiu hqe tdp euo

HS. Hai kenh chu vd hinh ed mdi quan he mdt

#

thiltvdi nhou, cung ehuyin tdi ndi dung tri thue.

Vi vdy, SGK Id tdi lieu rd't cdn thiet eho HS trong

qud trinh hqc tdp d tren Idp cung nhu d nhd.

HS biet edch dqc SGK se ndng coo gid trj

trang bj tri thue euo sdeh, ndm bdt thdng tin vd

phyc vy ddc tyc eho viee khai thdc kiln thuc, cung

CO Iqi kiln thue dd hqc, dn luyen vd ren luyen KN.

Dqc chiiu le, quo too, khdng quan tdm den nqi

dung se khdng thi thuc hien hodn chinh nhQng

yeu edu cdn khdm phd, khoi thdc tri thue euo bdi

hqc eu vd mdi. Vi thi, dqc SGK ed hieu qud khdng

ehi ed y nghTo to Idn ddi vdi HS khi cdn ngdi tren

g h i nhd trudng, md edn ed y nghTa Idu ddi ngay

ed khi cdc em budc vdo ddi. Biit dqc SGK hieu

qud se Idm cho viee hqe nhanh gdp 3 Idn, tdng

khd ndng tdp trung vd ndng luc tTnh hdi khi dqc, tu

dd HS se cd ea sd d l ghi chep, Idm bdi tdp hoqe

dn bdi cung nhu hodn thdnh ede nhiem vy hqe tdp.

Ddng thdi, biit each dqc SGK cdn giup HS tu bd

mqt so thdi quen Idm gidm tdc do dqc nhu: dqc

bdng mdi, dqc thdm, dqc di dqc Iqi mqt tu, dqc

tung ehCf mdt vd dqc trong tdm mdt hep.

2. Hudng ddn HS phuong phdp dqc SGK

trong dqy hqc Oja If 10 cd hieu qud

1) Ddi vdi tiet hgc md ddu

- Vdo tilt hqe ddu tien, sou khi gidi thieu ndi

dung, PP vd y nghTa euo vlec hqc tdp bq mdn

Dia li, GV eho HS Idm quen vdi SGK. Cdn cho HS

nhdn thue rd tdt ed nhCfng kiln thue co bdn ve djo

If phdi hqc trong ndm hqc deu ehua dyng trong

SGK; HS se phdi thudng xuyen Idm viee vdi SGK

tren Idp cung nhu d nhd d l tu tim ra nhung kiln

thue mdi, ty ren luyen ede KN djo If vd vdn dyng

kien thuc. GV eh? Id ngudi hudng ddn, td chuc,

giup ede em ty hqe vd phdt hien tri thi/c.

- GV su dyng he thdng cdu hdi duqc chudn bj

trudc nhu sau: 1) Chuong trinh SGK Dia If 10 ed

bao nhieu phdn, chuong?; 2) Ten eua cdc phdn,

* Tnrcing Oai lipc stf pliam Oa Nang \ : ^

**Tnr«lngTHPTThaiPhien-OaNang * I ^ ; - ;

Tap chi Giao due s6 257 (ki i . 3/aoin