Phát triển học tập theo hướng tiếp cận năng lực trong đào tạo nghề ở một số nước trên thế giới

GlAO DUC Nl/tfC NGOAl ®

PHAT TRIEN HOC TAP THEO Hi/ONG TIEP CAN NANG LlTC • • • .•

TRONG DAO TAO NGHE Ql MOT SO NUOC TREN THE Gidl

1. Khai niem v l nang ldc hanh nghl tren th i gidi

Trin thi gidi nhilu nudc d l ed ging tim ra d e

thuit ngd nhlm nlu bit khii nilm cd bin v l ning

luc hlnh nghl. 6 Oc ngudi ta gpi l i ning ldc mlu

chdt (Key Competencies); d Anh II kT ning cdt Idi

(Core Skills); d My II: bi quylt ndi llm vife (Work

Place Know-How), kT ning nIn ting (Foundation

Skills), hole II ning ldc ndi llm vile (Work Place

Competeeies); d New Zealand II kT ning thilt ylu

(Essential Skills).Tit el d c thu|t ngd niy 6i cip din

nhiJmg kT ning, ning ldc hlnh nghl chO ylu, hole

kT ning chung. Chinh nhdng ning ldc nly lam nIn

ting d u true cho d e ning ldc hinh nghl cu thi

dupe coi II cin thilt cho qui trinh hpc tap sudt ddi.

BANG SO SANH NHQNG KHAI N|£M V£ NHCTNG NANG

Ll/C CO BAN COA CAC Nl/(3C OC, ANH, M? VA NEW ZEALAND

Jk

Nang lUc

chu yeu

T$p h^p, phSn

tich va td chile

thong tin

Su truyen dat

y tudng vci

thong tin

lipk^hoich

v^ td chiirc

hoat ddng

limvl^cvdl

ngudi khdc vi

l^mvi^ trong

nhdm

SCrdgng

nhumg]^ tudng

vaki thuat vl

toan hpc

Gidi quyet

vandl

SCrdgng cong

ngh^

Anh

Kinang

cotloi

Sg giao tiep,

su thdng tin

Su truyen

tin, kT ndng

cdnhdn

Kinang cdi

thi^vl^hpc

t^pvdcdc

hoat ddng

Kindng

Idm vi ^ vdi

ngudi khdc

Gidi todn

Gidi quylt

vdnde

Cdng ngh§

thdng tin

m

Bi quyet noi

lam viec

Thdng tin,

kl nang co

bdn

Thdng tin,

kl nang cc

bdn

Bi^n phdp

tiln hdnh,

kT ndng C0

bdn

Ki ndng giao

tilp giCra cdc

cd nhdn vdi

nhau

KT ndng ca

bdn

Ki nang tU

duy

H§thdng

cdng nghf

New Zealand

Kinang

can thiet

Ki ndng thdng

tin

ki ndng giao

tilp, truyin

d^t

KT ndng tg

qudn If, ki

ndng diln d^t

ngdn ngOf

Ki ndng xd

h$i; ki ndng

hpc t$p vd

Idm vi|c.

Ki ndng sd

hpc

Ki ndng sd

hpc, kindng

thuc hi^n

quylt djnh

Kindngtmyln

dat, kindng

thdng tin

Ngoiingdrhi^nd^i

Ngudn: Collins 1993. P32. Learmonth 1993, p.49

ThS. NGUYiNNGQC TRANG

Trirdng Cao ding KI lhu|l Li T|f Trpng, TP. Hd Chi Mlnh

Ning lue hlnh nghl (NLHN) xult phit td vile xd

li mdt loat dc thudc tinh liln quan nhd: kiln thdc

khi ning llm vile kT ning v l thii dd quan dilm. Do

v|y ed thi xem ning ldc II sd kit hpp cOa dc thudc

tinh trin nhlm thdc hiln hilu qui hoat ddng nghl

nghilp. NLHN 6upe xiy dung thdng qua sp phin tfch

cdng vile, mdc dp cdng vile ddpc td chdc trong nghl

nghilp cOa ngddi lao ddng. Vile xiy dung NLHN

cung phli xem xlt din nhdng thay ddi theo ylu d u

nghl nghiep, bin chit cua^cdng vile vl die thu cua

nIn giio dye v l dio tgo nghl d tdng noi.

Theo kit luan cua hdi nghj gida hdi ddng giio

dye Australia v l d e bd trddng Gilo dye - Olo tao -

Vile llm vio thing 9/1992, ngddi lao ddng d n cd 7

ning ldc then chdt (key competencies) nhd sau:

1. Thu thdp, phdn tich vd td chufc thdng tin:

Ning ldc tim ra ndi cd thdng tin, Ipc v l chpn thdng

tin nhlm Ida ra cli d n thilt va trinh bIy mdt each

bd ich v i dinh gii bin thin thdng tin v l cl nhdng

ngudn v l phdong phip lay ddpc thdng tin dd.

2. Truyen bd tU tUdng vd thdng tin: Ning ldc

truyin bl mdt deh cd hilu qui cho ngddi khic

blng deh sd dyng hang loat phddng tiln blng Idi,

vilt, 66 thj v l khdng blng Idi khic

3. Ki hogch hda vd to chdc cdc hogt ddng:

Ning ldc k l hoach hda va td chdc elc hogt ddng cua

bin thin, blng deh sd dyng tdt thdi gian va nhdng

ngudn ldc, vile Ida chpn ra nhdng du tiln v l theo

ddi sdthdc hiln chung.

4. Ldm viic vdi ngUdi khdc vd dong ddi: Ning

ldc cd tie ddng mdt deh hilu qui vdi ngddi khic, (vdi

tdng ngudi vl vda vdi el nhdm), bao gdm sd hieu bilt

vl dip dng nhdng nhu d u cOa khich hing v l deh

llm cd hilu qui vdi td deh II mdt thinh viln cOa

nhdm de dat myc dich dl ddpc chia si.

5. SCf dung nhCfng y tudng vd ki thudt todn hoc:

Ning ldc sd dyng nhdng )^ tddng toin hpc nhu v l sd

v l khdng gian v l nhdng kT thuit v l danh gii v l ude

Idpng, nhlm nhdng myc dich thdc tl .

6. Gidi quyit vdn di: Ning ldc Ip dung chiln

lupc gili quylt vin 6i blng nhdng con dudng cd

myc tilu, trong nhifng tinh hudng do, bli toin va Idi

KHOA HQC GlAO DVC* 61