Phân tích chi phí - lợi ích trong đánh giá tác động văn bản quy phạm pháp luật

PHAN TfCH CHI PHf - L^fl ICH TRONG DANH GIA TAC DQNG

VAN BAN QUY PHAM PHAP LUAT

ThS. NGUYEN THANH TUAN

Trung tdm Thdng fin vd Di/ bdo kinh te - xd hqi qud'c gia

Trong bai vie't "Sii dung

cdng cu RIA trong qua

trinh hoach dinh chfnh

Scich"', tcie gia dci gidi thieu quy

trinh thQc hien mdt bao cao RIA,

bao gdm 6 giai doan cd ban sau:

nhan dien van de; xay dQng

phQdng tin chinh sach; tham van;

hocin thien biio cao; trien khai

thQc hien; gicim sat va danh gia.

Khi "xay dQng phifdng an ehfnh

sach", eae nha nghien cQu phai

dQa ra mpt nhdm cac iQa chpn

ehfnh sach khcic nhau, ddng thdi

kem theo dd la danh gia tcie dpng

cu the ve kinh te, xa hdi, rndi

tru'dng, he thd'ng phap luat,

quyen va nghTa vu dan sQ... eua

tQng phQdng an. Day dQpc coi la

bifdc phQc ttip va quan trpng nha't

trong qua trinh xay dQng bao cao

RIA.

De thQc hien bQdc xay dUng

phuang an chinh sach, Phan tfch

Chi phf - Lpi ich (CBA) la cdng eu

dQdc sQ dung phd bie'n nhi m

iQOng hda va tien te hda td'i da

i lie tck dpng, ca ve niclt tieu cQc

va tich cQc ciia tQng phQdng cin.

aiiaaaiafegajfea^aafaiFrai^iia^faiabaiEtgBa^

Cost benefit analysis is commonly used toot in assessing impacts

brought about by an (policy) intervention of the Government io treat

with market failures. CBA is divided into several categories according

to its conducting time and is closely connected with policy formulatton

process with its aim is to assess efficiency of individual policy option In

comparison with status quo.

CBA comprises of following major steps: firstly, identifying aitemative

measure groups; identifying beneficiary and disadvantaged groins;

clarifying impacts and choosing measuring indexes; quantifying impacts

in policy cycle; monetarizing the impacts; discounf'mg benefits and

costs to gain present value; counting net present value of each policy

options; conducting analysis of sensitivity; suggesting recommendations.

The articie below with provide in-depth analysis of CBA conducting

steps in an RIA report and its introduction prospect in Vietnam.

EXinh gitS tdc dpn g va n bo n quy pha m

phdp luOt (Regulatory Impact Assessment),

• Tgp chi Th6ng tin vd Da bd o kinh te - xd hpi.

s6 58, thdng 10/2010

Trong mdt so'trQdng hdp cu the, khi khdng the ap dung dQpc CBA, nha

nghien cQu cd the sQ dung edng eu Phan tfch Chi phf - Hieu qu5

(CEA).

Bai vie't dQdi day se gidi thieu tdng quan vai trd cua CBA trong qua

trinh hdach dinh ehfnh sach va tQ dd di sau phan tfch chi tiet cac bQdc

tien hanh CBA trong ban cao RIA.

1. Phan tich Chi phi - Ldi ich va qua trinh hoach djnh chinh sach

CBA la cdng cu thQdng dQdc sQ dung de danh gia nhQng tac ddng

cua mdt sQ can thiep (bang ehfnh sach) tQ phfa chfnh phu nhim giai

quye't nhQng that bai cua thi trQdng. Hieu mot each khai quat, CBA la

sQ phan tfch cac chi phf va ldi fch cua nhieu phQdng an can thiep khac

nhau, tQ dd danh gia lieu ldi fch cd Idn hdn chi phi hay khdng. Muc

dfch cua CBA la nham danh gia hieu qua cua tQng phQdng an chfnh

sach so vdi viec giQ nguyen hien trang. Nguyen ti c xuyen sudt khi thQc

hien CBA la liet ke td'i da cac ben lien quan bi tac dpng bdi sQ can

thiep cua chfnh phu va tien te hda tdi da cac tac dpng dd.

So GO (12.2010) THONG TIN S. DU BAO KINH TE - XA HOI 31