Những vấn đề về lao động của Việt Nam khi gia nhập TPP

NGHIEN CCrU-TRAO {>6l

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NHONG VAN DE VE LAO DONG CUA VIET NAM

KHI GIA NHAP TPP

TS. NGUYEN THI HAI VAN

Tbeo thih toincdaSglXngtbaangvigcVigtNamgianbipHigpdiiibdditicxuytnlbe

Bbih Duong (TPP) sg cd tiii giup xuit kbiu ting tiiim 68 tf USD, (3)P Ong tiiim 33,5 tf

USD tiong vdng 10 nim. Tmng sd 12 qudc pa thinh vign thi Vigt Nam li nudc cdngatn

lao dgng ddi dio vdi gii nbin cdng rfi nhii. Ttiy viy, dt vigc gia nhgp TPP dem Jjij Ufa

quinhumongdpitbldnnbinidnbitigltfitbgvibStlplvilaodgngdicd^ilpbi^k^

tiidi, hOu higu.

1. Vfi thyc ttang lao dfing

Vigt Nam buiic vao thoi ky "eo eau din

sfl ving" tu nam 2006, dy bio dat dinb

difim vio nam 2020, ed thfi kfio ddi dfin

nam 2040. Thoi ky co ciu din sd ving kfio

dii khoing 35 dfin 40 nim vi chi difin ra

mpt lin. Vi co ban, co ciu din so ving tao

CO hpi thuJn Igi cbn nufirc ta khai thic

dupc nhimg tifim ning ma TPP mang lai

cho kinh tfi Vigt Nam. Tuy nhifin, eung ein

ehu y dfin cinh bio tinh ttang "ehua giiu

da gii" mi nhflng bigu hifin cfla nfi ta: tflc

dp gia tang sfl ngufii lim vifie trong nhflng

nam gin diy da ehJm lai: nam 2011 tJng

2,66%, nJm 2012 ting 2,62%, nim 2013

ting 1,04%. nam 2014 ting 1,03%, nim

2015 tang 0,3%; co ciu lao dpng theo dp

tufli nam 2014 so vdi 2010 ehuyfin djch

tbeo huflmg: lua tuoi 15-29 giam tfl 31%

xuflng 25,1%, trfin 50 tufli ting tfl 20,54%

lfin 26,41%; ty le ngufiri cao tufli trong din

sfl da ft mflc hai chfl so, thfi hifin qui trinh

gia hfla din sfl. Trang thai din sfl ving cua

nudc ta vira li eo hpi dfi but phi eho nfin

kinh tfi ngu bifit cich ning cao ning suit

lao dflng (NSLD). vtra li eii biy kim hjm

su phit trifin trong trung vi dii han.

Nhflng mit tich cue vi tao dpng ttong

thfti gian qua dupc thfi hign trfin cic mjt:

Thd nhit, sfl lan dpng dang lim vi^c

tang; ty te thit nghigp vi thigu vigc lim

giim. 'Tflng sfl lae dfing dang lim vific tinh

dfin quy 1/2016 la 53.3 ttigu ngufii. ting23,9

mfiu ngufii so vfii nim 1990, bmh quin mfit

nim ting gin 950 nghin ngufli. Ty lg thil

nghifip ft khu vue thinh thi giitn manh

trnng nhung nim 1989 - 1996 (tu 11,87%

xufing eon 5.88%), sau do do tie dfing ciia

cufic khflng being tai chinh - tign tfi khu

vue da ting lfin (nim 1997 li 6,01%, nim

1998 li 6,90%) va giim gin nhu Ufin hjc cho

dfin nay (nam 1999 li 6,70%, quy 1/2016

eon 2,96%). Ty lg thigu vific tim ft nfing

thfln eung giim (tfl 29% nam 1998 xufing

cdn 2,25% ttong quy 1/2016).

D

* Hpc vifn Chinh trg Cong an nhan dio

TAP CHl QUAN LY NHA Ntfdc - Sd 248 (9/20161