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PARAGRAPHING

paragraph and another at the end as a conclusion.

There are no rules about how long a paragraph

should be. Some paragraphs, often the introduction

or the conclusion, may be a single sentence; other

paragraphs may be a page or more long. Too many

short paragraphs in succession can be very jerky; too

many very long ones can look forbidding. It is best

to mix long and short paragraphs, if you can.

You may also find that a paragraph which is

becoming very long (a page or more) will benefit

from being subdivided. The topic of the paragraph

may be more sensibly developed as two or three

subsidiary points.

Clear paragraphing is not possible without clear

thinking. Think of what you want to say before you

begin to write. List the topics or points you want to

make in a sensible order. Then develop each one in

turn in a separate paragraph.

A paragraph usually contains within it one

sentence which sums up its topic. Sometimes the

paragraph will begin with this sentence (called a

topic sentence) and the rest of the paragraph will

elaborate or illustrate the point made. Sometimes the

topic sentence occurs during the paragraph. It can be

effective, from time to time, to build up to the topic

sentence as the last sentence in a paragraph.

Careful writers will try to move smoothly from

one paragraph to the next, using link words or

phrases such as: on the other hand; however; in

conclusion.

In handwriting and in typing, it is usual to mark

the beginning of a paragraph either by indenting it

by 2cm or so, or by leaving a clear line between

paragraphs. The only disadvantage of the latter

method is that it is not always clear, when a

sentence begins on a new page, whether a new

paragraph is also intended.

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