Nguyên tắc thiết kế các khoá học E-Learning hỗ trợ dạy học hình học cho học sinh dự bị đại học dân tộc

NGUYiN Ti c THill Kl CAC KHOA HOC [-UABNING HO TRO DAY HOG HlNH HOC

CHO HQC SINH DU BI DAI HOC DA N TOC

Q TS. TRAN TRUNG - MAI THI TUYET MAI*

H§ thdng e-learning gdm hoi thdnh phdn

chinh dd Id he thdng xdy dyng npi dung

bdi gidng - Content Authoring System (CAS)

vd he thdng qudn If hgc tap - Learning Management

System (LMS). Sdn phdm trung gian de ket ndi

hai he thdng ndy Id cdc khod hgc trye tuyen -

coursware. Khi CAS cung cdp cdc phdn mem hd

trp gido vien (GV) tpo lap ndi dung cuo khod

hpe thi LMS qudn li vd phdn phdt ndi dung khod

hpc tdi hpc sinh (HS). Trong bdi viet ndy, chung

tdi de xudt 8 nguyen tdc thiet ke he thdng

e-learning hd trp dgy hpc (DH) hinh hpe d trudng

Du bj dpi hpc ddn tdc (DBDHDT) Sdm Son theo

hudng tich eye hod hopt ddng nhdn thue ctJO HS.

1. Viet kich bdn su phgm thiet ke khod hpc

true tuyen hinh hpc. Kjch bdn su phpm phdi

cho phep GV hinh dung ro dupe chi tiet trinh ty,

ndi dung cdc hopt ddng cuo HS eung vdi cdc

cdng cy cdn thiet vd nhijng ket qud edn dot. Kjch

bdn su phpm cd quan he chdt ehe vdi viec lyo

chpn don vj thiet ke vd td chuc du lieu. Kjch bdn su

phpm cua khod hpc trye hjyen Hinh hpc phdi nhdm

tgo mdi trudng DH mdi giup khde phye nhijng khd

khdn trong hpe Hinh hpc cua HS DBDHDT. Ddng

thdi trong mod hpc phdi neu len y nghTa ed ve mdt

li thuyet eung nhu tnye tiin, tdm quan trpng cuo

bdi hpe hope vd'n de nghien cuu. Ndi dung bdi

hpc khdng aud xa Ig md Id sy phdt trien ty nhien,

lien he mdt thiet vdi kien thue cu vd cd khd ndng su

dyng, phdt trien trong krong lai. Kien thue phdi ed

hnh thye tien, gdn gui vdi sinh hogt, suy nghT hdng

ngdy, thdo mdn nhu cdu nhdn thue eua HS

DBDHDT. Cd luyen tdp, vdn dyng kien thuc vdo

thye tien trong cdc hnh hudng mdi. Kjch bdn su

phgm cdi ddt ede hnh hudng cd dyng y su dyng

cdc PPDH, hinh thuc td chuc DH khde nhau.

2. Ddp ung yeu cdu DH phdn hod vdi muc

dp phan nhdnn phu hgp vdi dd'i tugng HS

DBDHDT. Li ludn vd Ijch su DH dd chung td nhCrng

uu diem cuo DH ed the hod vd DH ehuong trinh

hod. Vdi DH truyen thd'ng thye hien DH ehuong

trinh hod mdt cdch linh hogt vd do dgng tuong

Tap ehi Giao due s6 23 7 (ki i . 5/201 o)

dd'i khd khdn. Cung vdy, DH truyen thdng khdng

ed nhieu thudn Ipi cho DH phdn hod, ed the hod

trong Idp hpe. Khd ndng Idm viec theo ehuong

Wnh, khd ndng too lap nhOng tuong tdc phdn nhdnh

eua he thd'ng e-learning rd't thudn Ipi de thye hien

DH cd the hod ke't hpp vdi DH ehuong trinh hod

trong cdc khod hpe trye tuyen Hinh hpe. DH ed the

hod ddi hdi hopt ddng DH phdi phdi phu hpp vdi

ede ddc diem ed nhdn eua HS, mdi HS dupe hpe

tap, khdm phd theo nhung eon dudng phu hpp

vdi kien thue, kT ndng, kinh nghiem hp dong ed,

ddng thdi mpi hopt dpng eua hp dupe hudng

ddn theo nhung quy trinh chdt che nhd vdo ede

thdng hn trp giup, phdn hdi kjp thdi, phu hpp.

Sy phdn nndnh ddi hdi khi thiet ke khod hpc

trye tuyen Hinh hpe, tu mot don vj kien thuc, GV

phdi phdn bde muc dp kien thuc phu hpp vdi

tung dd'i tupng HS DBDHDT vd nhung hudng ddn

kien thue bd sung ddnh cho HS yeu, kem. Tu dd,

td chuc vd hudng ddn HS gidi quyet vdn de de

dgt dupe nhiem vy hpc tap. Phdn nhdnh triet de Id

mdt vd'n de khdng khd ve mdt kT thudt trong

e-learning. Bdng viec so hod su kien nghien cuu,

luu tru thdnh cdc file rieng, vdi co sd dij lieu dupe

xdy dung, td chuc tdt vd vdi chuong trinh dupe

thie't ke tdt, chung to ed the td chuc, hudng ddn,

dieu khien viec hpe theo nhung lupe dd phuc tap.

Vd'n de chu yeu Id d viec thie't ke vd xdy dyng co

sd du lieu, xdc djnh cdc thdng tin du kien vd thdng

hn dieu khien, td chuc hopt dpng hpc. Vi the, khd

khdn chu yeu Id d khia epnh su phpm, phy thudc

nhieu vdo khd ndng, kinh nghiem ehuyen mon eua

GV. Phdn nhdnh ddy du (ehuong trinh hod hodn

todn) phu hpp vdi viec xdy dyng cdc khod hpe

h-ye hjyen Hinh hpe. He thd'ng e-Teorning dua ro

cdc dCf lieu vd phdn hdi linh hogt hj mdy tinh nhung

de md kfid ndng cho GV td chuc trao ddi Idm viec

trong nhdm HS, eung cdp them thdng tin de hudng

ddn ede HS di den Idi gidi cho bdi todn.

Ve mdt kT thudt eung edn chu y them rdng, de

viec xdy dyng vd td chuc eo sd du lieu ddp ung

* Tnrcfng Dir bj dai hpc dan tpc Sam Son