Miêu tả tình tiết trong Truyện Kiều và Kim Vân Kiều truyện

Tap chl KHOA HyC & CUNU NUHb

MIEU TA TINH TIET TRONG TRUYEN KliUVk KIM VAN KIEV TRUYEN

Trin Thj Nhung'

Truang Dgi hgc Suphgm - DH Thdi Nguyen

TOM TA T

Tiep can cac lai lieu nghien ciiu ve mieu ta tmh tiet trong Truyin Kieu va Kim Vdn Kiiu truyen,

chung toi nhan thay nghien ciiu ciia hpc gia trong va ngoai nude tuy dat duac nhieu thanh tini

nhung chua giai quyet dugc triet de cac van de khoa hoc dgl ra, giiia cac hpc gia co nhieu -y kien

trai chieu, Vi vgy, bai bao khai quat va di sau phan tich d^c Urmg trong mieu ta tinh till ciia

Truyin Kiiu va Kim Vdn Kieu truyin, ly giai nguyen nhan dan den su khac biel nay. Chiing loi cho

rang, viec Nguyen Du luge bo hay them bdt cac doan mieu la linh tilt trong nguyen tac hoan toan

khong phai do nhung doan mieu ta nay khong co gia tri nghe thuat nhu mot so nha nghien ciiu

timg khang dinh, ma do ba nguyen nhan chinh. Nhiing kien giai nay se giiip ta co them ccr sd mdi

de danh gia khach quan sang tgo dpc dao cua Nguyin Du, tranh duoc nhung danh gia phien dien

mpt chieu ve Kim Vdn Kiiu truyin cua Thanh Tam Tai Nhan,

Tir khoa: Truyin Kiiu. Nguyin Du. Kim Vdn Kiiu truyin, tinh tiit, mieu td

Ke tir nim 1941 - khi Duong Quang Ham xac

nhan Kim Vdn Kieu truyen vdi tu each la "cln

tich" ciia Truydn Kieu dgn nay, lich su nghien

ciru so sanh Truyen Kieu va Kim Vdn Kieu

truyen d l Uai qua gan mdt the ky. Tuy vay,

phan ldn cac nghign ciiu cdn thieu chieu sau

va nhflng am hieu can Ihiet ve tac pham

nguyen gflc Kim Vdn Kiiu truyen va Truyen

Kieu. Dieu nay dan dfln bat dflng quan diem

giua hgc gia hai nude.

MiSu ta linh det trong Kim Vdn Kiiu truyen

Kim Vdn Kieu truyen cua Thanh Tam Tai

Nhan la mflt lieu thuygt van xudi, chiu anh

hudng sau sac ciia truygn thflng tieu thuyet

b^ch thoai Tnmg Quoc. Mgt trong nhung d^c

diem quan trgng cua tac pham nay la chu

trpng thual sy va mieu la tinh tigt, Dpc Kim

Vdn Kiiu truyin, ngu'di dgc bit gl p nhu:ng

doan migu la tinh tigt trong sudt liln trlnh cau

chuygn: cugc hen hd gifta Thuy Kieu va Kim

Trpng (Hfli 2), canh cflng sai hanh ha cha con

Vuang Vign ngoai (Hdi 4), canh Thiiy Kilu

ban minh (Hfli 5, 6), canh Tu Ba ep Thuy

Kilu tilp khach (Hdi 8,9), canh Thuc Sinh

ciiu Kilu khdi nha chiia (Hfli 12), canh Hoan

Thu trimg Iri Thuc Sinh va Thiiy Kilu (Hoi

15), canh Thuy Kilu bao an bao oan (H6i 16),

* Tel- 0962 211 286; Email: [email protected]

canh Hd Tfln Hien chieu hang Tir Hal (Hdi

18,19)... Liy do^n miflu ta tuih liel Vuong

Thliy Kieu bao oan lam vi du. Nguygn tac

dung chi tigt khac hga canh tuang. kg ac chiu

tdi mflt cdch kinh hoang: 'T u chi ciia Ma Bit

Tien bi dung gam cang ra, lot het da, nit s^ch

gan, xe lirng tay chin tach rdi de iing vdi Idi

thlcuay,.."[6;172-173].

Nhflng mieu ta nay vdn bi nhigu hpc gia Viel

Nam phg phan gay gal. Dpc gia Viet Nam

cung khdng nhigu hiing thu vdi chiing. Qua

thuc, d mpt gdc do nao dd, chung ggi cho

ngudl dgc cam giac tanh rgn, lan nhan, Tuy

nhign, nghign cuu chigu sau Kim Vdn Kiiu

truyen cho thay, nhflng chi tiet nay dii tan

khde nhung lai cd nhiing chirc nlng nghp

thuat nhit dinh. Chiing khong chi chiing minh

sy tdn tai cua quy luat nhan qua bao iing, ma

d mgt khia canh khac, chiing con la nhftng chi

tiet mieu ta nhlm thoa man khoai cam "ac gia

ac bao" cua dgc gia Trung Quoc duang thdi.

Nha nghign cuu Trieu NghTa Son trong cu6n

Nghien cuu tir khiic ky sinh trong tieu thuyet

Minh Thanh limg nhan dinh "Trong tang lap

thi dan, cd khdng it ngudi thich dgc nhftng

doan migu la "tan ludng ciing hinh" ve "gian

ta", "dam dao", "sat nhan", "ngu sic"... " [7;

44]. Day chinh la lign de dan dgn hau bet cac

tigu thuygt chuang hdi Minh Thanh deu chii y

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