Lược khảo về thư viện công Việt Nam thời phong kiến

laOC KHflO VE THCr VIEN CONG

VIET NAM THO^I PHONG KIEN

NGUYfiN TO LAN'

Thu tich ki tai thanh tuu phat trien

cua mdi dan tgc va la mdt trong

nhflng ngudn tU lieu quy gia ben canh bang

chflng ve dan tdc hge, khao cd' bgc de

phuc dung dien mao dan tdc dd. Cung nhu

vay, thu tich Han Ndm - sach vd dUde bien

soan bing chQ Han va chQ Ndm cua ngUdi

Viet Nam la bd phan quan trgng trong van

hie'n eua dan tdc Viet Nam. He thd'ng thu

tich nay chuyen chd van hda Viet Nam thdi

phong kien vdi hdn 10 the ki ed so lUdng dd

so va ndi dung phong phu. TQ khi da't nUdc

bude vao Id nguyen ddc lap sau 1000 nam

Bae thudc cho den nay, dan tgc Viet Nam da

ddi nay qua ddi khae ndi tie'p nhau tie'n

hanh cac boat ddng sQu tim, thu thap, iQu

trQ, nhan ban, phan loai... thu tieh Han

Ndm hdng bao ve va luu truyen kho di san

nay cua dan tgc. Cae thu vien da dUdc xay

dung cung vdi mue dieh nhu vay, du trong

giai doan diu eua thdi phong kien Viet Nam

nhieu khi mdi ehi dQng d quy md nhd nhu

nhQng kho sach, kho van khie in sach...

Cd mdt hien thiic la, dQ viee iQu trQ thQ

tich cung nhu xay dilng cac thu vien dUdc

noi tie'p mgt each kha lien tue qua cae trieu

dai nhung mdt phi n do ban che cua hoan

canh lich sQ ma di tich ed sd luu trQ eung

nhu nhQng ghi chep ve nhQng cd sd nay la

kha it di, nha't la nhQng kho sach ciia ca

nhan hoac d quy md nhd nhu cua tinh,

huyen... 'Vi vay, trong bai viet nay chung

tdi chi mong mud'n cung cap mgt so' thdng

tin nham phac thao len mdt dien mao cd

ban ve kho luu trQ thu tich dUdi che dd

phong kien cua Viet Nam - mdt nUdc "thiic

vi van hie'n ehi bang" (1).

Theo quan diem dUdc nhieu hge gia

Trung Qud'c tan ddng thi "Thu vien dudc

sinh ra diu tien vao ddi Dudng trong td

chQc giao due van hda eua eac si nhan

Trung Qud'c, nd bat ngudn tQ dan gian va

quan phu, nd la ket qua tat nhien cua viee

sau khi da cd mdt sd lUdng ldn sdch vd dude

luu thdng trong xa hdi, so' ludng ngUdi dgc

sach khdng ngQng tang trudng ve sd lUdng,

cac hoat dgng trien khai xung quanh thu

tich bao gdm tang thU, hieu thU, tu thu,

trudc thu, khie thU, dec thu, giao thu... cua

viec tie'n hanh tieh luy van hoa, nghien

cQu, sang tao va truyen ba" (2). Nhu vay, d

Trung Qud'c, thu vien dUde coi nhu la mgt

td' ehflc boat ddng gido due van hda bao

gdm mgt td hdp cac boat ddng lien quan

de'n thu tich. Trong khi dd, bgc gii phUdng

Tay lai quan niem thu vien la ndi tang trQ

Th.S. Vien Nghien cflu Han Nom