Kiềm chế lạm phát: Cốt lõi nằm ở chính sách tài khoá

''• ' " mi

Chuyen gia Bui Kien Thanh (anh

ben) ia mot nha tai chinh My

gdc VieL Ong diroc biet Sen nhU

mot ngirai Viet dau tien Siroc

dao tao ve tai chinh tai Hoa ky

va la nguoi co nhieu dong gop

cho su phat trien cua Viet Nam

hien nay. Sap bUOc sang tuoi

80, nhung ong vin say me vai

cong viec. Tren cuong vj Chu

tjch Tap doan V Capitai

Partners- tap doan quan ly quy

dau tu cua My vao Viet Nam,

trudic chuyen bay sang My gap

doi tac, chuyen gia tai chinh

Bui Kien Thanh da danh cho Tap

chi Thue ban 1 gio tro chuyen,

xoay quanh nhung van de nong

bong, thoi sU: gia dd la (USD),

gia dien, gia xang...

KIEM CHE LAM PHAT:

Cit loi nim i cliini sach tai klioa

Dau thang 2/2011, Ngan

hang Nha nude (NHNN)

Viet Nam quyet dinh dieu

chinh tang ty gia dd la (USD)

chinh thirc so \'di ddng Viet Nam

(VND), muc dich la nhdm thu hep

chenh lech giiia ty gia USD so vdi

ddng Viet Nam (VND) tren thi

trudng chinh thiic vai thi trudng

tu do; tang xua't khau: giam nhap

khdu, ddng thdi khuyen khich

ngudi dan cd ngoai te thi ban ra.

nhdm tang cung USD cho thi

trudng. chuyen gia tai chinh Bui

Kie'n Thanh cho bie't: neu theo

ddi bie'n ddng ty gia trudc va sau

khi dieu chinh thi miic do chenh

lech gia USD chinh thiic va thi

trudng tu do v^n khdng hd thu

hep. ngudi dan vdn tiep tuc gam

giu USD. do dd muc tieu dieu

chinh ty gia nhdm tang cung dd la

tren thi trudng da khdng dat dugc

ket qua. Muc tieu thii hai la didu

chinh ti gia nhdm tang cudng

xua't khdu. giam nhap khau. dd

ciing chi la Iy thuj'et hgc dudng.

Bdi le. dd'i vdi cac doanh nghiep

(DN) xuat khdu. neu dem USD ve

rdi ddi ra tidn Viet thi cd lgi ban

that, nhung dd khdng phai la mdt

phuang tien de tang xua't khau ma

chi tang them lgi nhuan cho DN

ma thdi. Mud'n tang xuat khdu

thuc su thi cd't loi phai la cdng tdc

thi trudng, xiic tie'n thuang mai

dd md mang thi trudng mdi. Mat

khac. vdi mdt ndn kinh te gia

cdng nhu hien nay. Viet Nam

phai nhap khdu tdi 70% den 80%

nguyen lieu ddu \'ao thi rd rang,

viec dieu chinh ty gia vara qua da

khie'n cho chi phi dau vao cua cac

DN xuat khau tang cao. lam giam

siic canh tranh cua hang hoa Viet

Nam tren thi tnidng qud'c te.

Theo chuyen gia Bui Kie'n

Thanh, khi gia USD tang cao, cdc

DN phai nhap nguyen lieu vd dd

san xuat ciing khie'n cho san

phdm lam ra bi ddi gid len, khi ay.

hang hod san xudt trong nudc se

khd canh tranh ndi vdi hang

Trung Qudc tran v'ao Viet Nam

khdng qua con dudng chinh

ngach. Ben canh dd, cdc mat

hang tieu dung nhap khdu true

tiep tir nudc ngoai ciing chiu miic

gia cao ban, dieu dd cang cho

tha'y \'iec dieu chinh t}" gid da tao

ra siic ep ve lam phat rat Idn. Tren

ly thuyet, nhidu chuyen gia tinh

toan rdng, khi ddng tien Viet

Nam bi ha gia d muc 9,3% thi chi

sd gid tieu dimg (CPI) se chi tang

len til l%o de'n 2%, nhung thue te,

ngay sau khi cd quyet dinh tang

ty gia USD thi cac nha phan phdi

va cac sieu thi da thdng bao tang

gia cac mat hang len 10%. Day

chinh la tac ddng tir ty gia USD

thi trudng tu do tang theo gia

USD tren thi trudng chinh thiic.

Vi vay, cd the thay, nhiing muc

tieu dieu chinh ti gia eua Ngan

hang Nha nudc chua dat dugc

hieu qua nhu mong mud'n, ddi hdi

phai ed giai phdp mdi, thie't thuc

ban de kiem soat tinh hinh.

Ciing vdi dieu chinh ty gia

USD, DN va ngudi dan dang tiep

tuc phdi dd'i mat vdi viec tang gia

xang vd gid dien. Day cung la tac

nhan lam tang gia cdc loai hang

hod phuc \Ti cho san xuat va tieu

dimg. Bay td quan didm ve viec

didu chinh gia xang, gia dien,

chuyen gia Bui Kie'n Thanh cho

rdng, hien nay, nudc ta da chuyen

ddi tir kinh te bao cap sang ndn

kinh te thi trudng, dinh hudng xa

hdi chu nghia, do dd, gia ca cac

loai hang hod phai phan dnh dung

14 Thue Nha NUdfc • so lo (320) - K Y 23 2011