Khi nào ASEAN có đồng tiền chung?

TAl CHiNH

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K"I"AOASEA"coDOnoTIE"("U"01

Lich sa tien te c$n d,?ida va

dang chung kien sl! ra dC1iva

ton t,?icua haidongtienchung

cua hai nhom nLfdc. Do la, Rup

chuyen doi (RCD) cua cac nLfdc

XHCNtrLfdcday, va EUROcua cong

dong ChauAu hi$n nay.

Ml;]ctieu ra dC1icua cac dong tien

chungve C0banla giongnhau.Do la

vi$c cung co va tang cLfC1nglien ket

kinhte, hanchecac ruirotai chinhco

the xay ra do tac dQngcua cac cUQc

khung hoang kinh te khu Vl!CcOng

nhLftren ph,?mvi toanthe gidi.

Van de d$t ra la, vi sao RCD phai

"ra di" cung vdi sl! sup do cua phe

XHCN, con EURO ngay cang the

hi$n dLf(,1Cvai tro cua minh tren thi

trLfC1ngthe gidi? Day la cau hoi din

dLf(,1Cdat ra cho cac nLfdCASEAN

trLfdCkhi dLfara 'I tLfC1ngthiet I$p mQt

dongtien chungcua khu vl!c.

RCDdLf(,1Cra dC1iva hO'?tdQngvdi

tLfcach ladong tien chung cua cac

nLfdcXHCNvao nhiing namdau cua

th$p ky60va ketthucsu m,?nglichsa

cua minh sau khi phe XHCN khong

con ton t,?iniia vao nhiing nam dau

cua th$p ky 90 (the ky 20).Trong khi

EUROI,?ira dC1ivao nhiing namcuoi

cua th$p ky 90, khi ca the gidi dang

hLfdngvao xu the hQinh$p.

M$c dau dLf(,1C99i la dong tien

chungcua HQidongtLf0ngtr(,1kinhte

(99i 1;3tla khoi SEV), thl!C chat no

dLf(,1Csa dl;]ngnhLfmQtcong Cl;]de

chuyen doi phl;]c vl;] cac yeu cau

thanh toan va chi tra cua cac nLfdc

trong pham vi khoi SEV. RCD cOng

dLf(,1Cquy djnh ham ILf(,1ngyangva co

quan h$tygia hoi doai vdi USD.Can

cu vao do ma ngLfC1i ta xacdjnhty gia

giiia RCDvdi cac dong tien quocgia

trong khoi.

D$c diemriengco cua RCDla no

chIdLf0Cphepton t,?iva v$n hanhvdi

vai tro cua m9tdongtien ghi so, phl;]c

Vl;]nhu cau thanhtoan va chi tra cho

cac hO'?td9ng xuat nh$p kh~u hang

hoa, d!chvl;]giiia cac nLfdccOngnhLf

Chilli D.uh Plm'oug *

cacto chuckinhte,doanhnghi$pcua

cac nLfdctrong khoi. M9i thanh toan

btmg RCDdU<;5cthl!c hi$nthongqua

Ngan hang h(,1ptac kinh te quoc te

(MBES).RCDkhongton t,?idLfdihlnh

thuc tien m$t. Vi v$y, ph,?mviho'?t

d9ng cua RCD co nhiing h,?nche

nhatdinh.Do cOngla 1'1do cho sl! co

m$t cua cac dongtien quocgia (ban

t$) cungvdi sl! ton t,?icua RCD.

Dieu can ILfu'I la, RCD ra ddi

trong dieu ki$n cua kinhte ke ho,?ch

hoa- t$p trungquanlieu- baocap,I,?i

chIdongvaitro cua m9tdongtien ghi

so nen da khongt'?ora dLf(,1Csl! gan

ketch$t cheve l(,1iich kinhte giiia cac

quoc gia trong khoi vdi nhau. M9t

m$t, RCDlay USDde xac dinhty gia

hoi doai; m$t khac,suc mua "doi noi

va doi ngo,?i"cua no chI dLf(,1Cdieu

chInh theo C0che xac dinh gia cua

khoiSEVlucbaygiC1lacu 5 namthl!C

hi$n mQtIan nen lam cho no khong

the phathuydu0Cvaitro cuaminhvdi

tLfcachm9td6ng-tienchungcua khoi.

Vi v$y, ml;]ctieu tang cuC1nglien ket

kinhte cua khoiSEVd$t ra da khong

thl!C hi$n dLf(,1Ccang lam cho qua

trlnh Sl;]p docua HQidong tLf0ngtr<;l

kinhte (SEV)di~nra m9tcach nhanh

chongh0n.

Khach~nvdi RCD,EUROdLf<;lCra

dC1ivdi nhiing tfnh toan rat ky ILfBng,

th$ntr9ng,chu~nxacWml;]ctieu,n9i

dung, chLf0ngtrinh, ke ho,?chcOng

nhLf 19 trinh thl!C hi$n. M9t trong

nhiing nguyen nhan quyet dinh sl!

thanhcongcuaEUROchinhla nhU'ng

tien de ve kinhte va xa h9i cOngnhLf

cac dieu ki$n ve chinh tri va ngo,?i

giao tren ph,?mvi toan cau. Sl! phat

trien va Idn m,?nhcua m9t lien minh

giiia cacquocgia,trLfdchet lave kinh

te. Vi$c lien minh kinh te giiia cac

nLfdcphai lay lien minhtien t$ la mQt

trong nhiing lien minh quan tr9ng

nhat.Tronglienminhtient$ thi vi$cdi

den thoa thu$n ve mQt dong tier

chung la sl! khdi dau co tfnh quyet

dinh.MQtdongtien chungcOngchfnh

la bieu tLf<;lngcua sl! thong nhat ve

nhieum$t cua mQtlien minhgiiia cac

quoc gia vdj nhau, dac bi$t la ve l<;Ii

fch kinhte.

Ve dong tien chung cua

ASEAN trong tU'dnglai

DeASEANco dLf<;lCm9tdongtien

chungtrong tu0ng lai, trLfdchet, phai

tfnh den cac dieu kiencho no ra dC1i

va hO'?tdQng.Do la nhiing dieu ki$n

vechfnhtri- kinhte - >,<ahQicua cac

nudcthanhvienva nhiing vande lien

quan den dC1isong kinh te chfnh tri

tren toan the gidi. Vi$c nghien cuu

mQtcach toan di$n, day du va sau

sac cac dieu ki$n de cho ra dC1imQt

dong tien chung cua cac nLfdcthanh

vien co 'I nghia vo cung quan tr9ng,

quyetdinhsl! thanhconghaythat b,?i

cua no trong tLf0nglai. De vi$c Il!a

ch9n va dLfara dLf<;lCcac dieu ki$n

can va du chosl! ra dC1icua mQtdong

tien chung,cactieu chi ve dinh ILf<;lng

va dinh tfnh phai co la:

- C6 nhO'ngquandiemtLf0ngdong

trong chfnhsach doi n9i va doi ngo,?i

giiia cac nLfdcthanhvien;

- Duytri dLf<;lCsl! ondinhve kinhte

- chfnhtri - xa h9i;

- T,?ora sl! ganket benviing trong

quatrinh phattrienkinhte -xa h9icua

mai nudc thanh vien cOng nhLfcua

toan khoi;

- Co sl! nhattrf caotrongvi$c chia

se nhO'ngthu$n l<;IicOng nhLf kh6

khan lien quan den I<;Ii fch cua mai

nLfdcthanh vien cOngnhLfcua toan

khoi;

- Xoa bo dan sl! chenh lechtrong

phat trien kinh te - xa h9i giO'acae

nLfdcthanh vien, d$c biet ve mue

songva trinh dQdan tri;

- Khongco sl! cachbi$tquaIdnve

muc d9 va toc dQphat trien cua cae

chI tieu kinh te va xa h9i giO'acae

nudc thanh vien (tong the cOngnhu

* NHNN

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53 TAPCHINcAN11.~\,-', 66 7 NAM2004