Khai thác hiệu quả lược đồ giáo khoa lịch sử với sự hỗ trợ của CNTT

Hl/dNG DAN aUAN LY, SlT DUNG

KHAI THAC HIEU QUA Ltf0C DO GIAO KHOA

LICH SI/ VOfi SU" HO TRO CUA CNTT

I ThS. Nguyen Manh HUoinq

Trudng Dai hgc SUpham Ha Ngi

Tat ca cac loai Iffdc dd du

phan anh ve yeu to' dia li,

quan sff, chinh tri hay kinh te

- xa hdi neu dung ttong nha

trffdng, trong he thdng giao

due qud'c dan deu dffde ggi la

Iffde dd giao khoa. Day la do

dung tnic quan quy ffdc,

chie'm d le ldn ttong he thdng

kenh hinh hd trd day - hgc,

ben canh tranh anh LS. Suf

dung Iffdc do giao khoa se

gdp phan quan ttgng vao tao

bieu tffdng, hinh thanh khai

niem cho cac em, nhat la

nhffng Iffdc dd dffde thie't ke

ed sff hd ttd cua cdng nghe

tiidng tin (CNTT).

Dffdi day, chung tdi chia

se bien phap hffdng dan hgc

sinh (HS) khai tiiae Iffdc dd

giao khoa LS vdi sff hd ttd

cua CNTT theo hffdng phat

huy tinh tich cffe:

\ '. y

1. Chuan hi d nha (gan lien

vdi qua trinh scan giao an):

Trtfdc tien. giao vien (GV)

nghien effu bai viet ttong sach

giao khoa (SGK) de xac dinh

muc dich sff dung, kie'n thffc cd

ban. Ilia chon Itfde do chuan

xac,.... Tren cd sd dd, tim hieu

npi dung kien thffc LS "an"

trong moi Iffdc dd, gdm hoan

canh dia li (dae diem dia hinh,

viing lanh thd,...) va kien thtfc

LS, ciing nhtf ki hieu quy tfde

(htfdng tan cdng, nit lui,....).

Kien thffc LS "an" ttong mdi

Iffdc dd it nlueu da dtfdc bai viet

ttong SGK nhac den, thtfdng la

dien bie'n ciia chien dich, khdi

nghia,... Day la mpt phan kien

thffc cd ban ciia bai hpc, nen

GV can dpc kl, ket hdp cae

ngudn tai heu tham khao khac.

Tim hieu npi dung Itfdc dd se

giiip GV dinh htfdng dtfdc

phtfdng phap (PP) sff dung, dtf

kien cau hdi, tinh huong stf

pham khi DH tten ldp.

2. Sff dung tren ldp (ke't

hdp vdi td chffc cho HS nghien

effu kie'n thffc mdi): Khi day

den npi dung can khai thae, GV

trinh chieu Itfdc dd, sff dung que

chi htfdng dan HS khai thae

thong qua van dung hnh hoat

cae (PP) dac tning nhtf ttfdng

thuat, mieu ta, phat van,... Cac

btfdc nhtf sau:

Mpt, GV gidi thieu khai

quat Itfdc do (tiieo dtfdng chi

kim ddng hd), ti le va ki hieu ed

ban S phan 'Chu giai" (htfdng

tien cdng eiia dieh, ndi quan

dieh nhay dd,...).

Hai, tiep tuc hffdng sff chii y

cua HS vao mpt so' chi tiet quan

trpng tren Iffdc do va neu eau

hoi gdi md. Neu la Itfdc do LS

ve ttan danh, GV nen cho cac

em tim hieu bai viet trong SGK,

nha'n manh nhffng y ehinh ve

dien bien, rdi dtfa ra cau hdi gdi

md de HS tim hieu ban chat va

y nghia stf kien. HS suy nghi va

tta ldi eau hdi theo gdi y, cac

ban ttong ldp lang nghe, bd

sung y kien.

Ba, GV nhan xet, trinh bay

va chdt lai van de de HS ghi y

chinh. Trong mpt sd ttffdng hdp,

GV ed the ket hdp neu cau hoi

gdi md, HS tta ldi va GV nhan

xet, trinh bay stf kien ngay. Khi

htfdng dan HS khai tiiac Itfdc dd

giao khoa dien tff (Itfdc dd thiet

ke tten Power Point, flash co

hieu ffng sinh dpng kem theo

hinh anh va am thanh), GV

khong nen lam dung ki thuat, tao

ra mau sac Ide loet,... Viec trinh

bay Itfdc do can Itfu y: neu chi

sdng phai tff thtfdng nguon

xudng ha ngudn, chi htfdng phai

ndi rd htfdng Nam, Bac, tay Bac,

tay Nam; neu chi pham vi quan

dieh chiem ddng, viing giai

phdng phai theo dtfdng chu vi,...

tfanh diing tff chung ehung de

HS khdng bi "hien dai hda" LS.

Cudi ciing, de nang cao hieu

qua viee sff dung Itfdc dd giao

khoa dien tff phai ket hdp chat

ehe giffa cau hdi vdi ngdn ngff

dien dat. Ldi ndi eua GV phai

trong sang, rd rang va truyen

cam, nham bieu thi cam xiie

ciia ngtfdi ttong cupc.

28 So' 67 thang 3 nam 2011 -irm-ffilM