Hoạt động tự học của sinh viên trong đào tạo theo hệ thống tín chỉ

HOA T DON G T O HO C CU A SIN H UIE N

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TRON G DA O TA O THE O H E THON G TI N CH I

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>Viet Nam, mot sd trudng dqi hoc bdt ddu

thyc hien ddo tao (DT) theo he thdng tin chi

(HTTC) tu nam 2001. Tuy nhien, den nam

2007, Bo GD-DT mdi chinh thuc ban hanh Quyet

djnh sd 43/2007/QD-BGD&DT ve viec Quy che

DT daihoc vd cao ddng he chinh quy theo HTTC.

Muc tieu hoc tap cua DT theo HTTC Id nhung

tri thuc vd kT ndng cy the md sinh vien (SV) se dat

duqc trong mdt men hoc hay mdt chuang trinh

hoc cy the. Thay vi hnh hdi duqc nhung kien thuc

chuyen ngdnh thdng qua cdc bdi giang cua gido

vien (GV), SV cdn phdi phdt huy khd ndng ty hoc

tap, ty nghien cuu de dat duqc sy cdn ddi giua

hnh hdi kien thuc chuyen ngdnh vd ren luyen kT

ndng mem ve cdc hnh vuc Idm viec ddc lap cung

nhu Idm viec theo nhdm.

Bdi viet nay de cap mdt sd van de li lugn vd

thyc tien hoat ddng ty hoc cua SV phu hap vdi

yeu cdu cua phuang thuc DT theo HTTC.

1. Tin chi (TC) vd HTTC

TC Id dan vj do khdi luang lao ddng hoc tap

trung binh cua ngudi hoc, gom: thdi gian hoc

tap tren lap; thdi gian hoc tap trong phong thi

nghiem, thyc tap, thyc hanh, hodc thuc hien cac

cdng viec lien quan den hoc tap dugc quy djnh

trong de cuang mdn hgc; thdi gian ty hgc ngoai

gid len lap, chudn bj bdi, tim tdi lieu. Khdi niem

TC cd hai y nghTa: Id don vj de do khdi lugng

cua cdc hoc phdn; xdc dinh khdi lugng lao ddng

hgc tap ciia ngudi hgc.

HTTC Id mdt each mieu td tinh chdt he thdng

mdt chuang trinh DT bdng each gdn dan vj TC

vdo cdc thdnh tdbd phdn cua chuang trinh. HTTC

Id bdng liet ke: sd TC dugc quy djnh cho moi

mdn hgc, cy the sd gid len lap hoc li thuyet, thyc

hanh cho moi mdn hgc trong 1 tudn keo ddi

sudt 1 hgc ki; sd TC can tich luy de dgt mdt van

bdng; sd lugng cdc mdn hgc vd phuang thuc td

hgp cdc mdn hgc de tich luy sd TC cdn cho mdt

vdn bdng.

O PHAM TH! THANH HAI*

Kien thuc dugc cdu true thdnh cdc module the

hien qua cdc hgc phdn, quy djnh khdi kien thuc

phdi tich luy cho tung vdn bdng, xep ndm hgc cua

SV cdn cu theo sd lugng TC dd tich luy. Chuang

trinh DT mem deo, cd tinh lien thdng cao. Cdc

phuang phap dgy hgc theo HTTC phdt huy tinh

tich eye, chu ddng cua SV... GV hudng ddn SV

phuang phap hgc tap, lay ty hgc Id chinh. Td chuc

DT theo HTTC de cao vai trd cd nhdn ngudi hgc.

SV chu ddng xdy dyng ke hogch hgc tap phu hgp

vdi dieu kien cd nhdn. SV ty ddng ki ke hogch hgc

tap vd hgc tap theo hgc phdn. Ket qua hgc tap cdc

hgc phdn ciia SV dugc ddnh gid theo qua trinh,

bao gom diem chuyen cdn, diem giua ki vd diem

thi ket thuc hgc phdn. Nhd trudng su dyng thang

diem 10, thang diem chu (A, B, C, D, F) vd thang

diem 4 trong cdng tdc ddnh gid ket qua hgc tap cua

SV. He thdng cd van hgc tap Id nhung ngudi cd

kien thuc chuyen mdn, am hieu quy trinh DT theo

HTTC, cd trdch nhiem cao vd cd uy tin ddi vdi SV.

2. Ddc diem hogt ddng ty hgc

- Hogt ddng ty hgc Id hogt ddng nhdn thuc

mang tinh chdt nghien cuu. Ty hgc Id hogt ddng

cd myc dich ciia con ngudi, Id dieu cdn thiet trong

qua trinh tiep nhdn tri thuc.

Ngudi ta cd the hgc nhieu each khdc nhau:

hgc ngdu nhien trong cudc song sinh hogt hang

ngay. Myc dich cua viec hgc ngau nhien khong

rd ret. Ket qua cua cdc hgc ngau nhien Id ngudi

hgc chi hnh hdi nhung gi lien quan true tiep den

nhu cdu bdn than, hung thu chiem hnh cdi mdi

hodc mong muon trai nghiem. Cach hgc nay dua

lgi cho ngudi hgc nhung tri thuc tien khoa hgc cd

tinh chat ngdu nhien, rdi rgc, khong he thdng, chi

hinh thdnh cho ngudi hgc nhung ndng lyc cy the

do kinh nghiem thyc tien mang lgi. Cach hgc thu

hai Id hgc cd chu djnh: cd hai hinh thuc hgc chu

djnh, dd Id hgc chinh thuc vd hgc khong chinh

thuc. Hgc chinh thuc dugc td chuc theo mdt ke

* Tnrong Dai hoc Vinh

Tap chi Giao due so 26 2 0. 2 - 5/201 n