Ghép và trồng từng phần của cụm san hô thuộc các loài scleractinian khác nhau trên rạn san hô ở việt

Hoi thao khoa hoc - Hgp tac Ouic ti trong diiu ha, nghien ciru tai nguyen va m6i trudng biin

TRANSPLANTATION AND CULTIVATION OF FRAGMENTS OF

CORAL COLONIES OF VARIOUS SCLERACTINIAN SPECIES ON A

REEF IN VIETNAIM

Yu. Ya. LatvDov'. N.I. Selin', IM.L Bui^ L.Q.Pham'

1. A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far East Division, Russian

Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690059 Russia

2. Nha Trang Institute of Technology Research and Application, Vietnam Academy

of Science and Technology

3. Institute of Natural Products Chemistry - Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science

and Technology

The economy of Vietnam is developing rapidly. The coastline of Vietnam has

become a site of intense house- and road-building; dozens of new hotels and diving

centers have recently appeared here, and sea farming is developing extensively.

This intensification has become a cause of increased terrigenous effluent into

waters of local bays. Local coral reefs are subjected to deposition of 70-100 g/m2 a

day, and this estimate grows one order higher during typhoons (Vo, Hodgson,

1997; JlaTbinOB, 2003).

Erosion processes along the coastal line at the city and port of Nha Trang, as

well as developing sea farming in coastal waters of neighboring islands, aggravate

the sedimentation and eutrophication impact in Nha Trang Bay (An et al., 2000;

riaBJioB H flp., 2004). An increased amount of microparticles of different origins

increases water turbidity caused by deposition, leads to impairment of

photosynthetic abilities of reef building corals and other benthic organisms, and

reduces physical and biological processes in the sea (Soong, Chen, 2003). As a

result, coral cover of the substrate reduces to 20-40%, while the portion of

substrate cover by macrophytes Chnoospora and Halimeda grows to 60-80%.

General reduction of the area of coral reefs has recently been documented

(Latypov, 2006).

Many publications are available on transplantation and cuUivation of coral

fragments; they cover various methodical, physical and biological problems

connected whh coral cultivation. A majority of researchers believe that the

attention of those engaged in the matter should be focused on the size of coral

fragments, the season of their transplantation, orientation in the place of

transplanting, and selection of substrate. These factors are most important for

restoration of reproductive abilities of new coral colonies reared from fragments

(Okubo, 2005). Based on our positive experience in cultivation of corals, we

analyzed presumably species-specific peculiarities of regeneration of fragments

and growth of new coral colonies of the genera Acrbpora and Porites, belonging to

the families Acroporidae and Poritidae.

Yu. Ya. Latypov 341