Đôi nét về đào tạo nghề ở Australia

GIAO DUC NUrbC NGOA I

W 9 .

DOI NET VE DAO TAO NGHE 0 AUSTRALIA

O TS. NGUYE N VA N DE * TS. TRfNH QUOC IJ^P"

1. Vdi net tdng quan PTTH, cdc khda hgc nghi phdt triln song song vd

NIn gido dye ciio Australia cd uy tin qud'c t l «lien thdng" vdi he gido due phd thdng, hgc thudt

vi chd't lugng ddo tgo (DT) cao, phuong thiic DT h> Idp 10 din ndm thii hoi bgc DH. HS ed thi

da dgng vd co hdi chgn lua Id trinh hgc tdp ddnh ehuyin ddi linh hogt giiia 2 he ndy. Gdn ddy,

cho ngudi hgc rdng md. Sinh vien (SV) td't nghiep cdc fi-udng DH eua Australia cung md cde ehuong

tli ede ngdnh nghe DT tgi Australia h'nh hgi nhung fi-inh DTN eho ngudi hge mang hge vj cii nhdn,

kiln thiic cdp nhdt, cd khd ndng nghien ciiu khoa thge sT vd tien sT.

hgc td't, cd kT ndng ldm viec ehuyen nghiep vd 2.1. Cdc ca sa DTN

«hgc tdp sudt ddi" ddp iing tdt nhu edu ciio nhd a) Cde trudng CD edng lap (Technical and

tuyln dyng. Further Educofion - TAPE - tgm djch Id «DTN sou

Chuong trinh gido dye phd thdng cuo Australia hung hgc"). TAFE institutes/colleges Id ten ggi ddnh

keo ddi 13 ndm, odt ddu tu Idp mdu gido vd tilp rieng cdc trudng CD nghi cdng ldp (dl phdn biet

theo 12 ndm tilu hge vd trung hge. Khi td't nghiep vdi ede trudng CDN tu thyc). Australia cd d3

Idp 12, HS s§ thi Id'y chiing chf td't nghiep phd trudng TAFE (do chinh phu cde filu bong vd vung

thdng trung hgc (PTTH). Chung chf ndy duge rd't Idnh thd tdi trg, qudn li) md ede khdo DTN sou

nhieu trudng dgi hgc (DH) d nudc ngodi chd'p bde PTTH, tdp trung vdo viec hudng nghiep vd

nhdn khi ngudi hgc nop don xin theo hgc. thuc hdnh nhilu hon so vdi cdc chuong trinh DH.

Cdng tdc ddo tgo nghe (DTN) cuo Australia Australia cd nhung trudng TAFE rdt Idn vdi so

dugc thuc hien vdi mgt Id trinh khoo hge vd tien lugng ngudi hge ddng ki eao hon nhilu trudng

tiln. DTN giu mdt vol trd quan trgng trong phdt DH khde (hon 50.000 SV), hdu hit tgp trung d cdc

triln kinh te cua dd't nudc thdng qua viec ndng coo thdnh phd'Idn nhu Sydney, Melbourne,... ben cgnh

chd't lugng ngudn nhdn lue, toy nghi cua ngudi mgt so co sd h-udng ndm fi-ong khu kT nghe vd

loo dgng, ddng gdp vdo su cdi filn ndng sudt loo edng ddng ddn cu. Co sd vgt chd't vd trong thilt bj

ddng - vdi mdt so ngdnh fieu bilu nhu: ldm bdnh, tgi ede hojdng ndy gid'ng nhu d cdc DH. Cdc trudng

ndu dn, y td, thg co khi, det may, may mde, kinh TAFE hgp tdc chgt che vdi trudng DH cuo Australia

doanh, kitodn, qudng bd thuong hieu, qudng cdo, trong viec DT vd lien thdng bdng cdp.

thilt ke thdi trong, nghe thudt, qudn li khdeh sgn, b) Cde tudng CDN tu thuc (thude hiep hdi cdc

bdn hdng sieu thj, edng nghe thdng fin, mdi hvdng, eo sd DT hr thyc cuo Ausfiolio Tgi Australia, cd

f

dm sii, nudi dgy tre, vdn tdi hdng khdng, dien, hdng ngdn trudng CDN tu thyc eung ed'p cdc khdo

ien hi, qudn li du Ijch, fiuyln hinh, dm thonh, hgc nghe, vdi quy md rdt do dgng-hi nhung hudng

ndng nghiep, thii y, xd hgi edng ddng,... nhd chi cd nhung khdo hgc chuyen biet h-ong mgt

Aush-olia cung rdt nhgy bin vdi viec tilp nhdn Imh vyc ndo dd din cdc hvdng Idn nhu TAFE. Ngodi

vd sii dyng cde kT thudt hien dgi, edng nghe eao ra, cung cd mdt so cdc trudng md cdc ehuong

trong GD-DT vdi \i le hvy cdp Internet eao nhdt thi fiinh DH thdng qua cdc DH md hg lien kit, hogc

gidi. Cdc CO sd gido dye cuo qude gio ndy cd nhiing ddi khi Id chuong trinh cua ehfnh hg.

phuong fien gidng dgy, OT vd nghien ciiu rd't hien e) Su lien thdng giira he phd thdng vd DTN.

dgi, dugc xIp hdng ddu thi gidi (nhu cde phdng thf Hon 95% cdc trudng phd thdng tgi Australia ed

nghiem md phdng, ede Idp hgc vd thu vien dugc cdc khda hgc nghe cho HS bgc THPT (Idp 11,

fiang bj thilt bj phye vy'cho viee DT ngudn nhdn lyc 12). Dilu ndy cho phep HS phd thdng vua hgc

ldm viec frong nin edng nghe tien tien). de Id'y Chung ehi tdt nghiep THPT (Senior

2. DTN tai Australia Secondary Certificate), vua cd the dugc trong bj

Tgi Australia, cdc khdo hge nghi duge dgy

tgi cdc trudng cao dang nghe (CDN) (TAFE * Tnrdng Oai Itpc Bong Thap

colleges), CD tu thyc vd PTTH. Rieng tgi cde trudng ** Tnrdng Bai lioc Can Tho

Tap ehi Giao dye s6 26 9 cki i . »/aoin