Đặc trưng ngữ nghĩa của tiểu từ tình thái cuối phát ngôn dùng để hỏi trong giao tiếp của người Thanh Hóa

NGON NGtr & DP I SONG So 11 (229)-2Q14

[NGON NGtr HOC VA VIET NGlT HOC| /^^ l & ^ ri-^

DAC TRlTNG NG C NGHIA

CUA TIEU TlT TINH THAI CUOI PHAT NGON

DUNG DE HOI TRONG GIAO TIEP CUA NGlTOfl

THANH HOA THE SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FINAL MODAL PARTICLES IN UTTERANCES

USED TO ASK IN COMMUNICATION OF THE PEOPLE IN THANH HOA

NGUYEN DUY DIEN

(ThS; Trudng THPT Quan Son 2, Thanh Hoa)

Abstract: This article describes the semantic characteristics of final modal particles in

utterances used to ask in communication of the people in Thanh Hoa. We have indicated that

there are a large number of final modal particles in utterances used to ask in communication of

the people in Tbanb Hoa and they have both similar and different semantic characteristics In

comparison with final modal ones in Vietnamese used by the whole people. They contiibute to

make the characteristics about tone and shade of meaning in communication for the people in

Thanh Hoa.

Key words: final modal particles; utterance; semantics; characteristics.

dung hay khdng su dyng cdc tieu tii tmh th^ 1. Khai niem ve tinh thai va tieu tir tinh

thai cuoi phat ngon

Trong boat ddng giao tiep mdt phat ngdn

dupe ndi ra bao gom bai tbdnb phan: thanh phdn

mang ngbia mieu td (tiiudng do ylu td mang

nglua tu vung dam nhiem) vd tiidnh phdn till

hien thai dp danh gja eiia ngudi ndi ddi vdi hien

tiiyc dugc de cap (thudng do cae ylu td tinb thai

trong phdt ngdn dam nhiem). Theo Tic diin gidi

thich thudt Ngit ngdn ngic hpc: tieu td tinh thai la

mdt "biet loEii eua edc hu tu, dugc hgp nhdt lai

nhu mdt td logi theo chdc ndng ngG ngbia - cu

phap chung, tao eho cau bode tu ed sac thai y

nglua hoac cdm xiic phu, bieu thj quan he ciia

ngudi ndi de tach biet hodc minh xac cho mdt

thdi diem hodc mdt mat nao do tiong phat ngdn

dd" [9, ti. 292]. Chdng han: (1). Trdi mua; (2).

Troi mua a!; (3). Trdi mua u?

Trong 3 phat ngdn tren, phat ngdn (I) la mdt

tiidng bao, phat ngdn (2) Id phat ngdn cam tiian.

trong cdc phdt ngdn.

Td tinh thai ndi chung, tidu td tinh thdi culi

phat ngdn ndi rieng la rapt trong nhiing

phuang tien quan trgng de bilu Men tmh cam,

thai dd eiia ngudi ndi. Chdng khdng mang

nghia td vyng vd nghia mieu ta. Y nghia ciia

ehung la gdp phdn bilh dat dich ngdn hung

eua phdt ngdn va bieu thi thai dp, each danh

gid khac nhau cua ngudi ndi ddi vdi thdng

bao, vdi hien thyc va vdi ngudi ddi thoai.

De nhgn dien dugc tieu tu tinh thdi trong

giao tiep thdng thudng phdi can cd vao cac

tieu cbi sau day: 1) Phai cd mdt ldi mieu ta a

ndi dung menh de cua phat ngdn; 2) Vai noi

cd mpt thai dp nao do hudng din vai nghe;3)

Phdt ngdn phai dugc dgt trong mgt ngG c ^

giao tilp cu thd; 4) Tilu tu tinh thai culi

phat ngdn phdi cd tac dung bien edc npi

dung menh de trong ldi mieu ta ciia phat

phat ngdn (3) la phat ngdn nghi vdn. Tuy nhien ngdn hudng din cac hdnh ddng nhu; hdi, cau

cd hai phdt ngdn (2) vd (3) diu su dyng tilu tu khiln, trdn thudt, tu ehdi, bae bd, bilu Id thai

tinh tiiai cudi phat ngdn d, u. Ngudi nghe phan do tinh cam, cam xuc...

biet dugc y nghia thong bdo. cdm thdn, hdi cua 2. Tilu tir tmh thai cuoi phat ngon trong

cac phat ngdn nay Id nhd vao viec ngudi ndi sd tieng Thanh Hda